Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza webele. Ingakumbi xa usiva igama elifana nelithi "Inqanaba lesiBini," imibuzo efika engqondweni mininzi. "Ndenze ntoni ngoku?" kunye "Ngaba oku kunokunyangeka?" mhlawumbi kusengqondweni yakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto, oko kukuthi, umhlaza webele wenqanaba lesiBini kunye nonyango oluphumelelayo lwawo, ngendlela elula neyobuhlobo.
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Okokuqala, yintoni le nqanaba lesibini (iSigaba sesiBini)?
Ngamafutshane, isigaba sesiBini somhlaza webele sisifo apho umhlaza usagcinwe esifubeni okanye kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane. Oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza awukasasazeki kwizitho ezikude emzimbeni. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuba umhlaza uyanyangeka kakhulu kweli nqanaba.
Oogqirha abakunyangayo badla ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yonyango endaweni yendlela enye yonyango. Oku kuya kukunika iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezo ndlela zonyango.
| Indlela Yonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Utyando | Ukususwa kweqhubu elinomhlaza okanye ibele lonke. Olu lolona nyango luphambili olusetyenziswa kakhulu. |
| Unyango lweMisebe | Isetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ekucingelwa ukuba zisele emva kotyando. |
| Unyango ngamakhemikhali | Amayeza anamandla anikezelwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezisenokuba zisasazeke emzimbeni wonke. |
| Unyango lweHormone | Unyango oluthile lweentlobo ezithile zomhlaza ezifuna iihomoni ukuze zikhule. |
| Unyango olujoliswe kulo | Unyango lwanamhlanje olujolise kwiiproteni ezithile kwiiseli zomhlaza kwaye luthintele ukukhula kwazo. |
Makhe sithethe ngonyango ngokweenkcukacha.
Ngoku makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ndlela zonyango ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Utyando: Amanyathelo Asisiseko
Utyando lolona nyango luqhelekileyo lomhlaza webele wesigaba sesiBini. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili:
- Ukususwa kweLumpectomy: Oku kuquka ukususa kuphela iqhuma elinomhlaza kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu ezijikeleze lona. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba lutyando lokugcina amabele . Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kuphela ukuba iqhuma elinomhlaza lincinci.
- Ukususwa kwebele: Ukuba iqhuma elinomhlaza likhulu, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni alisuse lonke ibele. Olu tyando lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Mastectomy'.
Nokuba loluphi na utyando oluqhutywayo kwezi zimbini, ugqirha uya kususa aze ahlole ii-lymph nodes ezininzi kwindawo engasecaleni ukuze abone ukuba umhlaza usasazeke apho na. Emva kotyando lwe-mastectomy, ungathetha nogqirha wakho malunga notyando lokwakha amabele ukuba uyafuna.
Unyango lweMisebe: Ukutshabalalisa iiseli eziseleyo
Unyango ngemitha ludla ngokunikezelwa emva kokususwa kwesilonda. Khumbula, utyando lunokushiya iiseli ezimbalwa zomhlaza ezincinci nezingabonakaliyo. Olu nyango lunikezelwa ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iiseli eziseleyo nokuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi. Ngamanye amaxesha, abafazi abaye basuswa isilonda banikwa nonyango ngemitha, ingakumbi ukuba isilonda sikhulu okanye ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza emabeleni.
I-Chemotherapy: Unyango olunamandla olusebenza emzimbeni wonke
Olu lunyango abantu abaninzi abaluqhelileyo, kodwa luyoyikisa kancinci. I-Chemotherapy lunyango olunamandla olunikezelwayo lokutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuhlala ndaweni ithile emzimbeni emva kotyando.
Kwezinye iimeko, i-chemotherapy inikwa ngaphambi kotyando. Injongo kukunciphisa ithumba elikhulu elinomhlaza, ukuze libe lincinci kwaye kube lula ukulisusa ngotyando olulula olufana nokususwa kweqhubu.
Olu nyango lunokunikwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Lunokunikwa njengepilisi okanye ulwelo. Kodwa luhlala lunikwa ngemithambo yegazi. Olu nyango alunikwa rhoqo. Lunikwa ngemijikelo, nto leyo enika umzimba ithuba lokuphumla.Inikwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Unyango lweeHormone: Kwimihlaza exhomekeke kwiihomoni
Olu lonyango oluthile kakhulu. Kukho iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wamabele ezikhula kakuhle kwiihomoni ezifana ne-estrogen emizimbeni yethu. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-hormone receptor-positive cancers.
Ukuba umhlaza wakho ngolunye lwezi ntlobo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lweehomoni. La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela iihomoni ezifunekayo kwiiseli zomhlaza.
- Iyeza iTamoxifen linikwa abafazi bayo nayiphi na iminyaka.
- Amayeza afana ne -Anastrozole (Arimidex), i-Exemestane (Aromasin), kunye ne-Letrozole (Femara) asetyenziswa kubafazi abasele beyekile ukuya exesheni.
- Ukongeza koku, kukho nezinye iintlobo zamayeza.
Kwabasetyhini abangaphambi kokuya exesheni, utyando lokususa ii-ovari lunokuthathwa njengoluthintela ukuveliswa kwee-hormone ezinceda umhlaza ukuba ukhule. Okanye, amayeza afana neGoserelin (Zoladex) anokuthintela okwethutyana ii-ovari ekuveliseni ii-hormone.
Unyango lwebhayoloji/olujoliswe kuyo: Indlela entsha nephucukileyo
Olu lunyango oluphumelele kakhulu oluye lwaziswa kuphuhliso lwezonyango zanamhlanje. Malunga nama-25% abasetyhini abanomhlaza webele baneproteni eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-HER2 phezu kweeseli zabo zomhlaza. Le proteni ibangela ukuba umhlaza ukhule kwaye usasazeke ngokukhawuleza.
Unyango olujoliswe kulo lujolise kwiproteni ye-HER2 kwaye luyimise ukusebenza kwayo.
- I-Trastuzumab (Herceptin) kunye nePertuzumab (Perjeta) zezona ziyobisi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kolu hlobo.
- La mayeza adla ngokunikezelwa kunye ne-chemotherapy, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa impumelelo ye-chemotherapy.
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Uvavanyo lweklinikhi luphononongo oluvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lonyango olusandula ukufunyanwa, amayeza, okanye indibaniselwano yonyango ebantwini. Abafazi abaninzi abanomhlaza webele wesigaba sesiBini banethuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kwezi zilingo.
Oku kunokukunika ukufikelela kunyango oluphambili nolusemgangathweni. Khumbula, lonke unyango oluphumelelayo esilusebenzisayo namhlanje luqale njengovavanyo lwezonyango ngaxa lithile. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ubuze ukuba kukho uvavanyo olukulungeleyo na.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza webele weSigaba sesiBini uyanyangeka.Imeko. Ngoko ke musani ukoyika.
- Oogqirha basebenzisa indibaniselwano yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ukukunika iziphumo ezilungileyo.
- Utyando ludla ngokuba lolona nyango luphambili, lulandelwe lunyango lwemitha kunye ne-chemotherapy.
- Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza wakho (umz., one-hormone-positive, i-HER2-positive), uza kunikwa unyango oluthile (olune-hormone okanye unyango olujoliswe kulo) olufanele wena.
- Zive ukhululekile ukuxoxa ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo, iinkxalabo, okanye amathandabuzo onokuba nawo nogqirha wakho. Uza kulungiselela isicwangciso sonyango esikufaneleyo.
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