Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive uthwele umthwalo omkhulu kwaye uloyiko xa usiva igama elithi "umhlaza." Mhlawumbi wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe ufunyenwe enesifo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba awuwedwa okwangoku. Namhlanje, ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwesayensi, kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo lokunyanga nokulawula umhlaza. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngezi ndlela zonyango lomhlaza kwaye sifumane iimpendulo ezilula kwimibuzo onayo engqondweni.
Unyango lomhlaza lugqitywa njani?
Khumbula, ayizizo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza ezifanayo. Kukho iintlobo zomhlaza ezingaphezu kwe-100. Ngoko ke unyango olusebenzela omnye umntu lusenokungasebenzi komnye. Ugqirha wakho womhlaza uza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.
- Uhlobo lomhlaza: Luhlobo luni lomhlaza.
- Inqanaba lomhlaza: Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani kwaye unzima kangakanani.
- Izinga lokukhula komhlaza: Eminye imihlaza isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Eminye ikhula kancinci. Eli zinga likwachaphazela nezigqibo zonyango.
- Impilo yakho iyonke: Amandla omzimba wakho okunyamezela unyango.
- Injongo yonyango: Ngamanye amaxesha injongo isenokuba kukunyanga umhlaza ngokupheleleyo . Ngamanye amaxesha, isenokuba kukulawula umhlaza, ukunciphisa iimpawu, nokukunceda uphile kamnandi (unyango oluthomalalisayo).
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uqonde kakuhle ukuba loluphi ucwangciso lonyango olucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho, kunye nesizathu sokuba olu nyango lunikwe.
Zithini ezi ndlela zonyango lomhlaza?
Oogqirha badla ngokunyanga ngendlela enye yonyango okanye, rhoqo, ngokudibanisa ezininzi. Makhe sijonge iindlela eziphambili zonyango.
| Indlela Yonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Utyando | Ukususa nokususa ithumba elinomhlaza kunye neeseli ezincinci eziphilileyo ezijikeleze lona. Le yeyona ndlela iphumelele kakhulu esetyenziswa kwimihlaza engasasazekanga kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. |
| Unyango lweMisebe | Imitha enamandla aphezulu (efana ne-X-reyi) isetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Olu nyango lwenziwa ngaphandle kusetyenziswa umatshini okanye ngesixhobo esincinci esifakwe emzimbeni. |
| Unyango ngamakhemikhali | Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"chemo." Amayeza anamandla (amayeza) anikwa umzimba ukuze abulale iiseli zomhlaza ezahlulahlula ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yokuba la mayeza ahamba emzimbeni wonke ngegazi, ayasebenza nakwiimhlaza ezisasazekileyo. |
| Unyango lweHormone | Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza (umz. ibele, iprostate) zibangelwa ziihomoni ezisemzimbeni wethu ezizinceda zikhule. Olu nyango lusebenza ngokuthintela ukusebenza kwezo homoni. |
| Unyango lwe-immunotherapy | Inceda inkqubo yomzimba yokulwa nezifo (amajoni omzimba) ukuba iqaphele kwaye itshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza. Kufana nokubonisa utshaba kumajoni ethu. |
| Unyango olujoliswe kulo | Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweyeza. Into abayenzayo kukufumana iindawo ezibuthathaka ezikwiiseli zomhlaza kuphela baze bazihlasele zona kuphela. Akukho monakalo mkhulu kwiiseli eziphilileyo. |
| Ukufakelwa kweBone Marrow | Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ngokukodwa umhlaza wegazi. Umongo wethambo onesifo uyasuswa kwaye umongo wethambo ophilileyo (nokuba uvela emzimbeni wesigulana okanye kumnikeli) ubuyiselwa emzimbeni. |
Amanye amagama oza kuwava kwisicwangciso sonyango
Xa ugqirha wakho ethetha, ungasebenzisa amagama anje ngala. Athetha oku nje:
- Unyango oluPhambili: Olu lolona nyango lokuqala lomhlaza wakho. Olu ludla ngokuba lutyando.
- Unyango oluNcedisayo:Emva konyango oluphambili, unyango (olufana ne-chemotherapy kunye ne-radiation) lunikwa ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi.
- Unyango lweNeoadjuvant: Unyango olunikwa ngaphambi konyango oluphambili, olufana nokunciphisa ithumba nokwenza utyando lube lula.
- Unyango lwasekuhlaleni: Unyango olujolise kuphela kwindawo yomhlaza (njengotyando, imitha).
- Unyango oluQhelekileyo: Unyango olusebenza emzimbeni wonke. Olu lusetyenziselwa umhlaza osasazekayo (njenge-chemotherapy).
Masifunde nangemiphumo emibi yonyango.
Xa unyango lomhlaza lubulala iiseli zomhlaza, ngamanye amaxesha lunokulimaza iiseli ezisempilweni emizimbeni yethu. Yiyo loo nto iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zisenzeka. Ezi zinokuvakala ngathi ziyoyikisa kancinci, kodwa khumbula, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana zonke ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kwaye, oogqirha ngoku banokulawula uninzi lwazo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane
Ezi zinokubonakala ngexesha lonyango kwaye emva kwexesha elifutshane.
- Ukudinwa: Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukulahleka kweenwele
- Izilonda zomlomo
- I-Anorexia
- Urhudo okanye ukuqhina
- I-anemia: Oku kunokubangela ukudinwa okungakumbi.
- Ukuncipha komzimba: Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni ngokukhawuleza kwezifo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide
Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuvela emva kweenyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokuba unyango luphelile.
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Intlungu yamathambo namalungu, ukuncitshiswa kwamathambo (i-Osteoporosis)
- Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo (i-Neuropathic): Njengokungathi ndindisholo kwimilenze.
- Ukungazali
- Iingxaki zenkumbulo kunye nengqalelo
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga onokuzifumana kunye nendlela yokuzilawula. Ngoko ke ungoyiki.
Izinto onokuzenza ukuze olu hambo lube lula
Yiyo loo nto amaxesha anzima la. Kodwa kukho izinto onokuzenza ukuze olu hambo lube lula kancinci.
1. Yiba nolwazi: Funda kangangoko unako ngesifo sakho kunye nonyango lwakho. Buza ugqirha wakho imibuzo. Xa uzazi izinto, uloyiko olungeyomfuneko luyanyamalala.
2. Cela uncedo: Olu asilohambo omele uluhambe wedwa. Thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo. Yabelana ngeemvakalelo zakho.
3. Yondleka kakuhle:Yitya ukutya okunesondlo okuninzi kangangoko unako. Oku kuya kunceda umzimba wakho ufumane amandla. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, funa iingcebiso kwingcali yesondlo.
4. Amaqela enkxaso: Ukuthetha nabanye abafumana unyango lomhlaza njengawe ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla. Amava abo anokuba ngumthombo wamandla kuwe.
Uzakufowunela nini ugqirha
Ngexesha lonyango, qaphela utshintsho emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha, okanye ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziba mandundu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Umzekelo, ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukuhlanza okungalawulekiyo okanye urhudo, okanye iintlungu eziqatha, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ungathunyelwa kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele. Nje ukuba imeko yakho ihlolwe, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha umthamo wakho wonyango okanye akunike amayeza okulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza sisifo esinokunyangwa okanye silawulwe kakhulu namhlanje, ngoko ke musa ukuphelelwa lithemba.
- Kukho iqela loogqirha abanezakhono abanokukunceda ukhethe unyango olulungele wena. Bathembe.
- Musa ukuthandabuza ukubuza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo, nokuba incinci kangakanani na.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka, kodwa uninzi lwazo zinokulawulwa.
- Awuwedwa kolu hambo. Usapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye neqela lezonyango bakunye nawe. Fumana inkxaso yabo.
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