Ingaba umthambo wakho wentliziyo uvaliwe? Yonke into malunga ne-stent, ngokulula nje!

Ngaba wakha weva ngokufakwa kwe-"stent"? Mhlawumbi wakha weva ngomnye wamalungu osapho lwakho okanye abahlobo bakho abanayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, igama elithi stent livela xa kukho ingxaki yentliziyo. Ngoko ke, yintoni i-stent? Kutheni ezi zinto zifakwa? Masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kulungile?

Yintoni i-stent?

Ngamafutshane, i-stent yityhubhu encinci kakhulu, efana ne-mesh. Ifana neqhekeza le-mesh eligoqiweyo. Le yinto ugqirha wakho anokufaka ngaphakathi kwenye yemithambo yakho yegazi, okanye imithambo yegazi, aze ayigcine ivulekile. Khawuthelekelele ukuba umthambo wegazi une -plaque , okanye i-cholesterol, evimba ukuhamba kwegazi. Ugqirha uza kuqala asuse i-plaque aze avule indlela. Emva koko baza kubeka i-stent endaweni yayo ukuze umthambo ungavaleki kwakhona. Kufana nento oyifakayo ukulawula ukuxinana kwezithuthi. Inceda ukuhamba kwegazi kube lula ngakumbi .

Le stent idla ngokufakwa ngokusisigxina ngaphakathi kumthambo wakho (ezinye iintlobo ezinokunyibilika ngoku ziyafumaneka, kodwa ezo zisisigxina zezona zixhaphakileyo). Zihlala zenziwe ngesinyithi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo ezikhethekileyo zestent zenziwe ngezinye izinto. I-coronary stent, efakwa kwimithambo yentliziyo, inokuba naphi na ukusuka kwiimilimitha ezisi-8 ukuya kwezingama-48 ubude, okanye malunga nee-intshi ezi-2. Inokuba malunga neemilimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-5 ububanzi. Oko kumalunga nobukhulu bencam yekhrayoni entsha okanye ubungakanani berabha entsha yepensile. Nangona kunjalo, iistent ezibekwa kwezinye iindawo zinokuba nkulu kakhulu.

Ibekwe phi i-stent?

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ii-stents zisetyenziswa kuphela kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo. Kodwa oko akuyonyani. Ukongeza kwimithambo yegazi, oogqirha basebenzisa ii-stents ukugcina izinto ezifana nemigudu yomoya , i-bile ducts , kunye ne-ureters zingavaleki. Kodwa ii-stents ezifakwa kwimigudu yomoya zihlala zisetyenziswa njengesisombululo sexeshana de kwenziwe utyando olukhulu.

Ziziphi iintlobo zee-stents ezikhoyo?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-stents. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zezona ziphambili.

I-Stent yesinyithi engenanto

Ezi zenziwe ngeesinyithi kuphela, umzekelo `(nickel-titanium alloy)`, `(stainless steel)` okanye `(cobalt-chromium)`. Ezi zizinto zakudala ezisetyenziswa ixesha elide. Zifakwa kwimithambo yentliziyo yakho (imithambo ye-coronary) okanye kwimithambo yentamo yakho (imithambo ye-carotid).

I-Stent Engasebenzisi Ziziyobisi

Olu lolona hlobo ludumileyo olusetyenziswayo namhlanje. Isinyithi sale stent sineyeza elikhethekileyo elisetyenziswa kuyo. Eli yeza lithintela umthambo apho i-stent ifakwa khona ukuba ingaphindi inciphe. Oko kukuthi, lithintela ukwakheka okungeyomfuneko kwezicubu ezibomvu ngaphakathi kwe-stent.Eli yeza liyayimisa imithambo yegazi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. Oku kugcina umthambo uvulekile.

I-Stent ebolayo

Le yiteknoloji entsha. Isetyenziswa kancinci. Emva kokuba olu hlobo lwe-stent lufakwe kwi-artery, luyanyibilika emzimbeni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa . Oku kuthetha ukuba akufuneki ugcine iqhekeza lesinyithi emzimbeni wakho ngonaphakade.

Ilaphu le-polyester kunye ne-stent yesinyithi

Ezi zii-stents ezinkulu kancinci. Zisetyenziswa kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu efana ne-aorta. Zenziwe ngelaphu le-polyester kunye nesinyithi.

I-Silicone Stent

Oogqirha basebenzisa ezi ndlela ukugcina umoya uvulekile emiphungeni yakho .

Kutheni usebenzisa i-stent?

Oogqirha basebenzisa ii-stents ikakhulu ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ekuthintelweni kukuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka ngokupheleleyo komthambo. Ungadinga i-stent ukuba:

• Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo .
• Ukuba une -atherosclerosis , oko kuthetha ukuba amafutha aqokelelene ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi.
• Ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-70% yemithambo yakho ivalekile kakhulu .

Umzekelo, khawucinge ngombhobho wamanzi egadini yakho ovalwe yi-moss kunye nothuli, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amanzi ahambe kancinci okanye ame ngokupheleleyo. I-stent sisixhaso esincinci esifakwa ngaphakathi kombhobho, esivumela amanzi ukuba ahambe kakuhle kwakhona.

Ziziphi iimeko eziphathwa nge-stent?

Ngokususa amafutha angaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi ngokufaka i-stent, imithambo yegazi ingasebenza kakuhle kwakhona. Ukufakwa kwamafutha kuyenzeka kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umqolo (i-PAD)
• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid.
• Isifo semithambo yezintso.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi ye-coronary.

Ukongeza, ukufakwa kwe-stent kunokunceda abantu abaneemeko ezifana ne-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (enokwenzeka emilenzeni, ezingalweni, okanye kwi-pelvis) kunye ne-aortic aneurysm.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-stent?

Kwilizwe elifana ne-United States kuphela, kuthiwa kwenziwa utyando lwentliziyo olumalunga nama-600,000 minyaka le. Ixesha lokuqala lokufakwa kwe-stent entliziyweni yomntu kwakungo-1986. Ukususela ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwe-stent kuye kwanda kakhulu. Oku ngoku kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo eSri Lanka.

Zithini iingenelo zokubeka i-stent?

Kukho iingenelo ezininzi zokubeka i-stent:

• Ukuhamba kwegazi kulungile ngemithambo yegazi apho kwakufakwa khona i-stent.
• Xa idibene nonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-angioplasty, inokuthintela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Unantoni?Iimpawu ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci kunye nentlungu yesifuba ziyancitshiswa (ingakumbi emva kokuba i-stent ifakwe kumthambo wentliziyo).
• Ingathintela umthambo wakho ukuba ungaphindi unciphe.
• Umntu ofakwe i-stent angaphila ngokukhawuleza kunomntu ofakelwe utyando lwe-coronary artery bypass (CABG) kuba ukufakwa kwe-stent yinkqubo engaphantsi kakhulu eyenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci.

Khawucinge nje, xa ngequbuliso uziva iintlungu esifubeni, unengxaki yokuphefumla, uze uye esibhedlele, baze oogqirha bathi kukho umthambo wegazi entliziyweni yakho ovalekileyo kwaye kufuneka ufake i-stent ngoko nangoko. Le sixhobo sincinci besinokuba sisixhobo esisindisa ubomi esingakanani ngelo xesha?

Zithini iingozi okanye iingxaki zokubekwa kwe-stent?

Iingxaki ezinkulu ezivela ekubekweni kwe-stent azixhaphakanga, kodwa abantu abanesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, isifo sezintso, okanye ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ngaphambili basengozini enkulu yeengxaki ezinkulu.

Nazi ezinye zeengozi ezinokubakho:

• Ihlwili legazi lisenokwakheka ngaphakathi kwi-stent. Oku kunokwenzeka, ingakumbi ukuba ngequbuliso uyeka ukusebenzisa amayeza akhusela i-stent.
• Ukusabela kokunganyamezelani ne-stent ngokwayo okanye iyeza elisetyenziswa kuyo.
• Ukopha kwindawo apho ugqirha wayesebenzisa ukungena khona kumthambo wegazi.
• Usulelo.
• Ukukrazuka ngaphakathi komthambo.
• I-Arrhythmia (ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga).
• Ukopha ngenxa ye-stent okanye intshukumo evela kwindawo yayo.
• Ukuwa/ukuqhuma kwemiphunga `(Pneumothorax)`.
• Emva koko umthambo uyancipha kwakhona (iRestenosis).
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukuvaleka kwentliziyo.
• Imeko efana nestroke.

Ezi zinto zinokuba yinto eyoyikisayo kancinci ukuva. Kodwa khumbula, ezi zinto aziqhelekanga. Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa ngazo zonke ezi zinto.

Ngaba kufuneka ndithathe amayeza emva kokufakwa i-stent?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okunciphisa iiplatelet . La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela iiplatelet, eziziiseli zegazi, ukuba zingadibani kwi-stent zenze i-blood clot. Ukuba i-clot enjalo iyavela, ingawuvala umthambo kwakhona.

Kuya kufuneka uthathe iyeza elifana ne -aspirin ubomi bakho bonke, kunye nelinye iyeza unyaka okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) kuba isebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza.

Abaphandi basacinga ukuba kufuneka ulithathe ixesha elingakanani eli yeza. Xa bekunika eli yeza, oogqirha baqwalasela izinto ezininzi, ezifana neminyaka yakho, isini, indlela ophila ngayo, ezinye iimeko zempilo, kunye nohlobo lwe-stent onayo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungayeki ukusebenzisa eli yeza nangasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelele ukuba uyeke. Ukuliyeka kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Usenokuziva ungaqhelekanga ngokuba nento eyenziwe ngobuchule emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa oogqirha bebesebenzisa ii-stents kangangeminyaka, kwaye iinkampani ezizenzayo zihlala ziphucula. Ukuba ufunda ngakumbi ngazo kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho imibuzo, unokunceda ekunciphiseni uloyiko lwakho malunga nokuba ne-stent.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-stent sisixhobo esincinci, kodwa esinamandla kakhulu esinceda ukugcina imijelo evaliweyo ivulekile, kungekuphela nje entliziyweni, kodwa nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

• Iphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi, inciphisa iimpawu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isindisa nobomi.
• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-stents, kwaye ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha uhlobo olukufaneleyo.
• Nangona kukho iingozi ezithile, azixhaphakanga kakhulu. Iingenelo zingaphezulu kwazo.
• Emva kokufakwa i-stent, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho kanye kanye kangangoko ekuxelela kona.

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono i-stent. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Stent, uhlaselo lwentliziyo, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, i-angioplasty, i-cholesterol, imithambo yegazi, impilo yentliziyo