Ngaba ulusu lwakho luvakala ngathi luzele ngumoya? Masifunde nge-Subcutaneous Emphysema!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha, emva kotyando okanye ukwenzakala okuncinci, ulusu lwabanye abantu luvakala ngathi liqamza elincinci xa ulichukumisa? Okanye xa ucinezela iindawo ezithile ngesandla sakho, uva isandi esingaqhelekanga esifana 'nekati yekati'? Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Nangona oku kutsha ukuva, kubalulekile ukukwazi.

Yintoni le nto yokuzalisa umoya phantsi kolusu? (Subcutaneous Emphysema)

Ngamafutshane, i-`(Subcutaneous Emphysema)` kuxa umoya uvaleleka kumaleko onzulu wolusu lwethu, umaleko `(subcutaneous)` phantsi kolusu. Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga ngokwenene. Kodwa sinokubangelwa zizizathu ezininzi. Sinokubangelwa zizifo ezithile, ukwenzakala, okanye iingozi ezincinci ngexesha lotyando.

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yinto enkulu na ukuba nomoya phantsi kolusu lwakho ngalo lonke ixesha. Enyanisweni, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umoya omncinci uqokelele phantsi kolusu lwakho emva kotyando oluthile, ingakumbi utyando lwe-laparoscopic. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, loo moya uqokelelweyo ufunxwa ngumzimba uze uphele wodwa, ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iimpawu ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-``Subcutaneous Emphysema`` inokuba luphawu lwenye ingxaki yempilo engaphantsi.

Olu hlobo lokudumba lubonakala kakhulu ebusweni, entanyeni, okanye esifubeni , kodwa lunokwenzeka naphi na emzimbeni.

Le meko ayixhaphakanga kangako. Kuthiwa ichaphazela ipesenti encinci yoluntu ngokubanzi, malunga ne-2%. Ngokutsho kolunye uphando, ubudala obuqhelekileyo babo bafunyaniswa benale meko bumalunga neminyaka engama-53 ubudala, kwaye malunga nama-70% abo ngamadoda.

Zithini iimpawu? Siyibona njani le nto?

Kukho iimpawu ezimbini eziphambili ezibonakala kule meko:

• Ukudumba kolusu kwindawo echaphazelekayo: Kunokubakho ukudumba okufana neqhuma elincinci. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuthi `(Edema)`.
• Isandi esingaqhelekanga xa ucinezela ulusu: Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, xa ucinezela indawo evuvukileyo ngesandla sakho, uva isandi 'esiqhekekayo', njengegqabi elomileyo elityumkileyo okanye i-bubble wrap etyumkileyo. Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi `(Crepitus)`. Olu luphawu olwahlukileyo kakhulu lwale meko.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu zimbini ziphambili, kunokubakho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya (okukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Dysphagia")
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Intlungu yentamo
• Ukudumba, ngokungathi kugcwele igesi

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela i-'Subcutaneous Emphysema'. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi:

• Barotrauma: Khawuthelekelele, umntu ontywila nge-scuba ngequbuliso ufumana utshintsho olukhulu kuxinzelelo lomoya , nokuba kuxa enyuka ngenqwelo moya okanye entywila emanzini anzulu. Oku kusenokubangelwa lutshintsho olunjalo ngequbuliso loxinzelelo.
• I-Pneumothorax: Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kukho umonakalo kwimiphunga, umoya uyavuza uze uqokeleleke esifubeni. Emva koko, loo moya ubeka uxinzelelo kwimiphunga ize imiphunga iqale ukuwohloka. Leyo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Pneumothorax. Le yimbangela enkulu ye-Subcutaneous Emphysema.
• Iintsholongwane: Le meko inokubangelwa zizifo ezinzima, ingakumbi ezinye izifo eziyingozi zeebhaktheriya, ezifana ne-necrotizing fasciitis.
• Ukulimala: Kunokubangelwa kukulimala esifubeni, ebusweni, okanye kwiinkophe zethu.
• Iingozi ngexesha lonyango okanye utyando: Ngamanye amaxesha, umoya unokuqokelelwa phantsi kolusu ngale ndlela ngenxa yeengozi ezincinci, ezifana nokusebenza kakubi kwesixhobo sezonyango okanye xa isixhobo sifakwa emzimbeni (umz., ukufakwa kwetyhubhu - ukufakwa kwetyhubhu kwindlela yomoya kumntu onengxaki yokuphefumla).

Kukho ezinye iimeko ezithile zempilo ezinokubangela le meko:

• Ukuba umoya osetyenziswa kwi-bag-mask onika umoya wokuphefumla okwenziweyo ngexesha le-CPR awusetyenziswanga kakuhle.
• Xa kufakwa ityhubhu yokondla ukuze kubonelelwe ngokutya.
• Ukugqobhoka kwamathumbu kuzizimbobo kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle koomatshini bokungenisa umoya.

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba le meko (i-Subcutaneous Emphysema) ivele ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.

Ngaba oku kungabangela ezinye iingxaki?

Ewe, kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, `(Subcutaneous Emphysema)` inokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Ukuwa kwemiphunga (iPneumothorax) (oku kungaba yimbangela kunye nengxaki)
• `Isifo segumbi` (oku kwenzeka xa uxinzelelo kwindawo ethile lusanda kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kuthintelekile)
• Ukuba une-pacemaker, inokuphazamisana nokusebenza kwayo.
• Ukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi engqondweni.
• Iingxaki zenkqubo yokuphefumla.
• Ukucinezelwa kwe-tracheal (oko kuthetha ukuba into ethile kwimibhobho yethu ye-bronchial iyacinezelwa ize ivaleke).

Kubalulekile: Ukuba le meko (i-Subcutaneous Emphysema) ibangelwa lusulelo, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu kakhulu, nezisongela ubomi. Umzekelo:

* Isifo sokudakumba sokuphefumla esibukhali (ARDS)

*I-Coma

* Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

* Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso

* Ukufa kwezicubu `(Necrosis)`

* I-Sepsis (usulelo olunzima olusasazeka emzimbeni wonke)

Yiyo loo nto kuthiwa ukuba unamathandabuzo, nokuba mancinci, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Ugqirha kuya kufuneka enze iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze aqinisekise ukuba unayo na i-``(Subcutaneous Emphysema)``. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezo vavanyo:

• I-Bronchoscopy: Oku kuquka ukudlulisa ityhubhu encinci eneekhamera kwi-trachea ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki ngemiphunga kunye neendlela zomoya.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): Oku kufana ne-X-ray, kodwa ikhompyutha isebenzisa ii-X-ray ezininzi ukudala imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zezinto ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, njengamathambo kunye nezicubu zomzimba.
• I-ultrasound scan: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi asebenza rhoqo ukuze kuthathwe imifanekiso yangaphakathi lomzimba.
• Ii-X-reyi: Sebenzisa imitha ukuthabatha imifanekiso emacala amabini yezinto ezifana namathambo ethu kunye nezicubu.

Uhlobo lovavanyo olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ukudumba kwakho phi kunye nento ugqirha wakho acinga ukuba inokubangela iimpawu zakho.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Xa unyanga i-`(Subcutaneous Emphysema)`, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana nokunyanga unobangela oyintloko. Nje ukuba ugqirha wakho aqalise ukunyanga unobangela, iimpawu zakho kufuneka ziphucuke kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-14.

Ngokwesiqhelo, kwiimeko ezingembi kangako, oogqirha basebenzisa izixhobo zokufaka umoya-mpilo. Ezi zixhobo zisivumela ukuba siphefumle malunga ne-95% ye-oxygen ecocekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba imizimba yethu ifumana i-oxygen engaphezulu, nto leyo enceda umoya ovalelekileyo phantsi kolusu ukuba ufunxwe ngokukhawuleza.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokufuna ukwenza izinto ezinje ukuze asuse nawuphi na umoya owongezelelekileyo ovalelekileyo:

• Umbhobho wesifuba (iThoracostomy)
• Sisika amathambo amabini amancinci phantsi kwamathambo e-clavicle emagxeni ethu.
• Ukusebenzisa iinaliti, ii-catheter (iityhubhu ezincinci ezinemingxunya), okanye imingxunya emincinci ukususa umoya kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, utyando lunokufuneka. Okanye, oogqirha banokufaka iityhubhu ezincinci (iidrain) ukuze umoya ogqithisileyo uphume.

Ngaba kukho into endinokuyenza ukunciphisa ukungonwabi kwam?

I-subcutaneous emphysema ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu ezibuhlungu. Kodwa ukuba ufumana nayiphi na intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa oku kulandelayo:

• I-Analgesics
• Isibopheleli sesisu (oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokungonwabi)
• Ioksijini exineneyo (njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukunceda ekuphefumleni)

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa koku?

Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-14 emva konyango. Ngokutsho kolunye uphando, ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuphola, nokuba kwiimeko ezinzima, lalimalunga neentsuku ezili-16. Ngoko ke,Ukuba ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yale meko? (Imbonakalo)

Ngonyango, imeko intle ngokubanzi. Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho ithuba elihle lokuchacha. Kodwa ixesha libaluleke kakhulu apha. Okukhona ubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unokuzinciphisa ngokukhawuleza iimpawu zakho kwaye unciphise umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu.

Le meko iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ngonyango, uninzi lwabantu abane-"Subcutaneous Emphysema" bayaphila kwiiveki ezimbini.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela oku?

Ixesha elininzi, `(Subcutaneous Emphysema)` yenzeka ngezizathu ezingaphaya kwamandla ethu. Oko kuthetha into efana nengozi okanye utyando. Ngoko ke akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela ukuba ingenzeki. Asikuko ityala lakho. Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba ufuna unyango, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, loluphi uhlobo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukudumba kolusu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuba uva isandi 'esitshoyo' xa ucinezela ulusu oluchaphazelekileyo.
• Ukudumba.
• Ukuba kunzima ukuphefumla okanye ukuginya into ethile.
• Ukuba uneentlungu entanyeni okanye umphimbo obuhlungu.

Akulunganga ukulibazisa ngexesha elinje. Kubalulekile ukufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Ukuba uxilongwe ukuba une-"Subcutaneous Emphysema", ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yintoni ebangela le meko kum?
• Ngaba oku kuza kunyanga ngokwako?
• Ngaba ndiyaludinga unyango? Ukuba kunjalo, loluphi uhlobo lonyango?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndihlale esibhedlele?
• Ndiza kukwazi nini ukubuyela emsebenzini okanye esikolweni?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza le mibuzo uze uqonde kakuhle imeko yakho.

Ingaba le "Subcutaneous Emphysema" yingxamiseko?

I-subcutaneous emphysema ayisoloko iyinto engxamisekileyo okanye esongela ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba imeko yakho injani na, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza. Uninzi lwabantu abanale meko baneempawu ezincinci kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki ezinkulu. Ukuba uneempawu ezixhalabisayo - umzekelo, ulusu lwakho lubonakala ludumbile kwaye lukhukhumele, okanye uva eso sandi 'sikhwazayo' - kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba nokwenzakala okanye utyando sele kuyinto ebangela uxinzelelo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba kukho ingxaki eyenzekayo, ungaziva ngathi awusoze ukwazi ukubuyela kwisiqhelo. I-subcutaneous emphysema yimeko engaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iyenzeka, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-subcutaneous emphysema inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezongezelelweyo - kwaye mhlawumbi ezinzulu ngakumbi.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoku uyaqonda ngcono into ebesithetha ngayo, ``(Subcutaneous Emphysema)''. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungoyiki ukuba ubona ezi mpawu, kodwa ubone ugqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Khumbula:

* Nangona ukuqokelelana komoya phantsi kolusu kunqabile, kunokubangelwa ziingxaki ezithile zempilo.

* Iimpawu eziphambili kukudumba kolusu kunye nesandi 'esitshixizayo' xa sichukunyiswa.

* Ukuba uyifumana unobangela uze uyinyange, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza.

* Ukuba unamathandabuzo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle wena nosapho lwakho!

I- Subcutaneous Emphysema, ukuzaliswa komoya kwesikhumba, umoya ongaphantsi kwesikhumba, ukudumba, i-crepitus, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iingxaki zemiphunga