Ngaxa lithile ebomini bethu, ngenxa yengozi, utyando, okanye imeko ethile yempilo, thina okanye umntu esimthandayo sinokufuna utofelo-gazi. Le yinkqubo yezonyango ebaluleke kakhulu enokusindisa ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, nangona ikhuselekile kwiimeko ezininzi, kunqabile kakhulu, iingxaki zinokwenzeka ngenxa yotofelo-gazi . Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enzulu kancinci, kodwa ekufuneka sonke siyiqaphele. Le yiTACO, okanye ngokwezonyango 'iTransfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload'.
Yintoni kanye kanye iTACO?
Ngamafutshane, i-TACO ithetha ukuba ubungakanani bolwelo kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho bukhula ngequbuliso emva kokunikela ngegazi, kwaye awukwazi ukumelana nalo. Cinga ngayo njengetanki yamanzi egcwala ngamanzi ngequbuliso.
Xa sinikela ngegazi, ulwelo oluthile longezwa kwimithambo yegazi yethu. Ngokwesiqhelo, intliziyo kunye nezintso zethu zinokulawula olu lwelo lungaphezulu kakuhle kwaye zigcine umzimba ulungelelene. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngakumbi ukuba unikela ngegazi elininzi kakhulu ngaxeshanye, okanye ukuba intliziyo okanye izintso zakho zibuthathaka, olu lwelo lungaphezulu alunakusingathwa. Emva koko, uxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi luyanda, kwaye ulwelo luqala ukuvuza kwizitho ezifana nemiphunga . Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla, umzimba uyadumba, kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi luyanda ngendlela engenakucingelwa. Le yimeko enzulu kakhulu , ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba iimpawu ziyavela.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Iimpawu zeTACO zinokubonakala nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha okanye ngaphakathi kweeyure ezili-12 zokunikela ngegazi. Ke ngoko, kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngomntu onikele ngegazi ngeli xesha. Iimpawu eziphambili zichazwe kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Olu lolona phawu luphambili noluqhelekileyo. Imiphunga izaliswa lulwelo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Oku kunokuba kubi ngakumbi xa ulele phantsi. |
| Ukukhwehlela | Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhwehlela kunokubakho kunye ne-mucus epinki nenegwebu. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Usenokuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni okanye intlungu njengoko intliziyo isebenza nzima. |
| Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesikhumba, imilebe, okanye iinzipho (iCyanosis) | Oku kunokwenzeka xa umzimba ungafumani ioksijini eyaneleyo. Olu luphawu olubi kakhulu. |
| Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, okanye intamo | Oku kudumba kubangelwa kukugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni. Imithambo entanyeni isenokubonakala idumbile. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (iTachycardia) | Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kuba intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. |
| Ukudinwa okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo | Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yokuncipha komthamo weoksijini efikelela engqondweni. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu | Olunye uphawu olunokwenzeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, ungazihoyi. Ukuba usesibhedlele, yazisa umongikazi okanye ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba usekhaya, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Nangona iTACO inokuchaphazela nabani na, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Ukuba nayiphi na kwezi meko iyasebenza kuwe okanye kumntu omaziyo, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi.
| Into enobungozi | Ingcaciso emfutshane |
|---|---|
| Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala | Njengoko sikhula, ukusebenza kwentliziyo nezintso kunokuncipha kancinci ngokwemvelo. |
| Ukuba nembali yesifo sentliziyo | Abantu abaneemeko ezifana ne-myocardial infarction okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo basengozini enkulu. |
| Ukuba nesifo sezintso | Ukuba izintso, eziziinxalenye eziphambili zomzimba ezilawula ubungakanani bolwelo emzimbeni, zibuthathaka, kuba nzima ukususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo. |
| Izifo zokuphefumla ezifana neCOPD | Kwabo sele benobuthathaka obuthile bemiphunga, njengeSifo esingapheliyo sokuQonda imiphunga (i-COPD), kunokuba nzima ukumelana nolwelo oluzalisa imiphunga. |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile | Ukuba usandul’ ukusebenzisa amayeza onyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi (iiVasopressors) okanye amayeza asusa ulwelo emzimbeni (iiLoop Diuretics). |
| Ndikhe ndanikela ngegazi izihlandlo ezininzi ngaphambili | Umngcipheko unokwanda kancinci kwabo banikwa igazi rhoqo. |
Ugqirha uyayibona aze ayinyange njani le nto?
Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-TACO, into yokuqala ugqirha wakho aza kuyenza kukuxilonga ngononophelo aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Baza kumamela ukuphefumla kwakho baze balinganise uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.
Emva koko, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ungathunyelwa kwiimvavanyo ezifana nezi:
- I-X- ray yesifuba: Oku kunokujonga ulwelo olukwimiphunga.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi : Amanqanaba athile eeenzyme ayahlolwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho monakalo na entliziyweni.
- I-Echocardiogram: Oku kunokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo womsebenzi wentliziyo kunye nokupompa kwayo.
Njengonyango, ukunikezelwa kwegazi lakho kuyekiswa ngoko nangoko. Emva koko unikwa isiselo esithomalalisayo uze ubekwe ebhedini ukuze kukuncede uphefumle. Unyango oluphambili yi-diuretics, amayeza asusa ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni. La mayeza anyusa ukuphuma komchamo kwaye ancede ekulawuleni amanqanaba olwelo emzimbeni .
Ukuba ukuphefumla kuba nzima, unyango lweoksijini lunokufuneka. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, isigulana sinokufuna ukuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wokuphefumla owenziweyo (Mechanical Ventilation).
Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuthintela oku?
Ewe, oku kunokuthintelwa ngandlela ithile. Ukuba ungomnye wamaqela asengozini akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ugqirha uya kukhathalela ngokukodwa xa egqiba ekubeni akunike igazi.
- Ukunciphisa izinga lokufakwa kwegazi: Ukuthintela ukuba ulwelo oluninzi lungangeni emzimbeni ngaxeshanye, izinga lokufakwa kwegazi liyancipha kakhulu.
- Ukunika i-Diuretics Ngaphambi koNyango: Ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi, unokunikwa amayeza okususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni.
- Ukunikela ngegazi: Endaweni yokunika lonke igazi ngaxeshanye, ungalinika ngamanani amancinci, lahlulwe libe ngamadosi amabini ngosuku.
Luxanduva lwakho ukuxelela ugqirha wakho imbali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango (ingakumbi iingxaki zentliziyo nezintso) ngaphandle kokufihla nantoni na. Ukuba wakha waziva ungakhululekanga ngexesha lokunikela ngegazi ngaphambili, qiniseka ukuba uyayikhankanya loo nto.
Ukunikela ngegazi yinto esindisa ubomi. I-TACO yimeko engaqhelekanga. Kodwa ukuyiqonda kunokukunceda uqaphele iimpawu kwaye ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ziyavela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-TACO yingxaki enkulu, kodwa engaqhelekanga, enokwenzeka xa kunikelwa ngegazi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhohlela, ukudumba, kunye nentlungu yesifuba zezona mpawu ziphambili zokulumkisa.
- Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kubantu abadala abanesifo sentliziyo, sezintso, okanye semiphunga.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi mpawu xa unikela ngegazi okanye zingadlulanga iiyure ezili-12 emva kokunikela, yazisa abasebenzi bezonyango ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngembali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki oye wahlangabezana nazo ngexesha lokunikela ngegazi ngaphambili.
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