Ngaba uhlala uziva udiniwe kwaye udiniwe? Ngaba ufumana kunzima ukuphefumla xa uhamba ngokukhawuleza okanye unyuka izinyuko? Mhlawumbi uvakalelwa kukuba ulusu lwakho luphaphathekile kunesiqhelo. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokunqongophala kwegazi emzimbeni, nto leyo esiyibiza ngokuba yi-anemia ngokwezonyango. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha unobangela wale anemia unokuba sisifo esinzima nesingaqhelekanga kunokuba sicinga. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu esinxulumene negazi. Esi yiPure Red Cell Aplasia, esiyibiza ngokuba yi-PRCA ngamafutshane.
Kalula nje, yintoni le PRCA?
Cinga ngomongo wethambo emzimbeni wethu njengomzi-mveliso wokwenza igazi. Lo mzi-mveliso uvelisa iintlobo ezintathu zeeseli ezifunekayo emzimbeni wethu: iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Umsebenzi ophambili weeseli ezibomvu zegazi kukuthwala ioksijini engena emiphungeni yethu xa siphefumla ukuya kuzo zonke ezinye iiseli emzimbeni wethu. Kufana nenkonzo yelori ehambisa ioksijini.
Ngoku, kwimeko ye-PRCA, ifektri eyenza igazi, oko kukuthi, umongo wethambo, inciphisa kakhulu okanye iyeke ngokupheleleyo ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kuphela . Ukuveliswa kwezinye iintlobo zeeseli (iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets) kwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke xa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezithwala ioksijini emzimbeni lincipha, amalungu omzimba wethu awafumani ioksijini ayidingayo. I-anemia enzima ebangelwa koku yeyona ngxaki iphambili ye-PRCA.
Zeziphi iimpawu umntu one-PRCA anokuziva?
I-PRCA ibangela iimpawu ezifanayo ne-anemia enzima, kodwa zinokuba nzima ngakumbi kune-anemia eqhelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa | Ukuziva ungenabomi kwaye udiniwe rhoqo, nokuba ulala kangakanani na. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nokuba sele wenze umsebenzi omncinci okanye uhambe umgama omfutshane. |
| Isiyezi | Ukuziva unesizungu, ingakumbi xa uvuka kwindawo ohleli kuyo. |
| Ulusu olukhanyayo | Ulusu, imilebe, kunye naphantsi kwezinzipho ziba mhlophe ngakumbi kunesiqhelo. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo | Iintloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo zibangelwa kukuncipha komthamo weoksijini efunekayo engqondweni. |
| Ukuva isandi ezindlebeni (i-Pulsatile tinnitus) | Isandi somlozi sivakala ezindlebeni ngokuhambelana nesingqi sokubetha kwentliziyo. |
| Intlungu yesifuba (i-Angina) | Intlungu yesifuba ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini kwimisipha yentliziyo. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ungoyiki ucinge ukuba yi-PRCA. Ezi zinokubonakala nakwi-anemia eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, ngokuqinisekileyo kungcono ukubona ugqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.
Kutheni le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-PRCA isenzeka?
I-PRCA ayisosifo esinye. Zininzi izizathu ezinokubakho. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuba sisiphumo esingesihle senye imeko yezonyango.
1. Iingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba)
Le yeyona nto ibangela i-PRCA. Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela, ngempazamo iqala ukuhlasela iiseli ze-stem kwi-bone mongo wethu ezenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Imizekelo yeemeko ezinjalo ibandakanya:
- Isifo seLupus (iSystemic Lupus Erythematosus)
- Irheumatoid arthritis
- Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo
2. Umhlaza
Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zinokubangela i-PRCA.
- Umhlaza onxulumene negazi: I-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) kunye ne-Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia (LGL) zezona ntlobo zimbini zomhlaza wegazi ezinxulunyaniswa kakhulu noku.
- Iithumba: I-Thymoma, umhlaza we-thymus gland, yeyona thumba iphambili yomhlaza enxulunyaniswa ne-PRCA.
3. Usulelo lweentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya
Ezinye izifo ezisulelayo nazo zinokubangela i-PRCA, nokuba yeyokwexeshana okanye ingunaphakade.
- Iintsholongwane: I-Parvovirus B19 yeyona yaziwayo kwezi. Le ntsholongwane ihlasela ngokuthe ngqo iiseli ezikumongo wethambo eziza kuba ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi. I-HIV, i-Epstein-Barr virus, kunye neentsholongwane ze-hepatitis nazo zinokubangela oku.
- Iintsholongwane: Iimeko ezifana neGroup C Streptococcus, iTuberculosis, kunye neBacterial Sepsis nazo zinokubangela oku.
4. Amanye amayeza
I-PRCA inokubakho njengesiphumo esingesihle samayeza athile. Umzekelo, ii-Erythrocyte-Stimulating Agents (ESAs), eziziimithi ezinikwa izigulana zezintso ukuze zonyuse imveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela le meko.
5. Ukukhulelwa
Amaxesha amaninzi, abanye abafazi banokuba ne-PRCA ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngethamsanqa, imeko idla ngokuziphelela emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.
6. Iimeko zemfuza ezikhoyo ekuzalweni
I-Diamond-Blackfan Anemia yi-anemia engaqhelekanga yokuzalwa. Ihlala ifunyaniswa ebuntwaneni. Aba baguli banokuba ne-PRCA.
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, uza kukuhlola, aze ukuba urhanela ukuba esi sifo, akuthumelele uvavanyo oluninzi.
| Uvavanyo | Ubona ntoni apha? |
|---|---|
| Inani elipheleleyo legazi (i-CBC) | Igazi liyajongwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi liphantsi kakhulu na, kwaye ukuba inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelet ziqhelekile na. |
| Inani leeReticulocyte | Oku kubhekisa kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisandula ukwakheka, ezingavuthwanga. Kwi-PRCA, eli nani liphantsi kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho ziseli zibomvu zintsha zenziwayo. |
| Ukutshiza igazi okujikeleze i-peripheral | Ithontsi legazi liyathathwa lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kuhlolwe imo kunye nohlobo lweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. |
| Ukuphefumla/Ukuxilongwa kweBone Marrow | Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili lokuqinisekisa isifo . Isampuli encinci kakhulu yomongo wethambo ithathwa kwindawo efana ne-hip emva kwe-anesthesia. Kwimeko ye-PRCA, iiseli ze-stem ezenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi azibonakali kuyo. |
| Ezinye iimvavanyo | Ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela wesifo, kunokwenziwa uvavanyo olufana novavanyo lwe-Parvovirus B19 kunye ne-CT scans (ukujonga amaqhuma anjenge-thymoma). |
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-PRCA?
Unyango lwe-PRCA luxhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu onikwa unyango olufanayo. Ugqirha uza kufunda ngononophelo imeko yakho aze akhethe unyango olufanelekileyo.
- Izinto ezithintela amasosha omzimba: Ukuba unobangela wesifo yingxaki kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, la mayeza asebenza ukulawula inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu. Ii-corticosteroids ezifana nePrednisone kunye neCyclosporine zihlala zisetyenziswa koku.
- Utofelo-gazi: Ukuba i-anemia imbi kakhulu, igazi linikwa ngaphandle ukuze kubuyiselwe amanqanaba egazi ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, utofelo-gazi oluqhubekayo lunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba esinyithi emzimbeni anyuke ngokungeyomfuneko. Kwimeko enjalo, unyango olwahlukileyo (unyango lwe-chelation) luya kufuneka ukuze kususwe isinyithi esigqithisileyo.
- Utyando: Ukuba unobangela wesifo yi-thymoma, unyango lukususwa kwe-gland ngotyando (Thymectomy).
- Unyango lwe-Immunoglobulin: Ukuba i-PRCA ibangelwa lusulelo lwe-parvovirus B19, olu nyango lulwa nentsholongwane kwaye luyithintele ekonakaliseni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.
- Ukufakelwa kweeseli zeStem:Kubantu abaneengxaki zokuzalwa ezifana neDiamond-Blackfan Anemia, unyango lubandakanya ukufakelwa iiseli ze-stem eziphilileyo ukuze kuthathelwe indawo umongo wethambo onesifo.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
Ewe, njengalo naluphi na unyango, kusenokubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka ngazo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango. Uza kukunika neengcebiso ezifunekayo zokulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Umzekelo, amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba anokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokosuleleka, anyuse uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, kwaye anyuse ubunzima bakho. Utofelo-gazi lunokubangela umkhuhlane kunye nee-allergies. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela utshintsho emzimbeni wakho ngexesha lonyango.
Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi xa uhlala ne-PRCA?
I-PRCA ngamanye amaxesha inokuba sisifo esingapheliyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba nasemva konyango, isifo sinokuphinda sibuye. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuhlala phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- Unyango Lokugcina: Abanye abantu banokufuna ukuqhubeka bethatha amayeza okunciphisa amajoni omzimba ngedosi ephantsi ukuthintela ukuba isifo singabuyi.
- Ukulandelela Okuqhubekayo: Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye uvavanye igazi lakho. Oku kunokukunceda uchonge kwangethuba ukuba isifo siza kuphinda sibuye okanye sibe nezinye iingxaki.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni:
- Ukutya okunesondlo: Kubalulekile ukutya ukutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo, kuquka ukutya okune-iron eninzi (isipinatshi, inyama, ii-peas, iilentils). Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokutya okufanelekileyo kuwe.
- Sela amanzi aneleyo: Khusela umzimba ekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane: Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo. Lumka kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi. Fumana imigonyo efunekayo.
- Ukuzilolonga: Zilolonge kwinqanaba umzimba wakho onokulinyamezela. Kwakhona, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Xa usiva nge-PRCA, usenokuziva usoyika. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa khumbula, yimeko enokunyangeka. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ulandele unyango ngokuchanekileyo, ngaphandle kokuzityeshela iimpawu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-PRCA sisifo segazi esingaqhelekanga esithintela umongo wethambo ekuveliseni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.
- Iimpawu zayo eziphambili kukudinwa rhoqo, ukuba mdaka, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
- Oku kunokubangelwa ziingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, umhlaza, usulelo, kunye namayeza athile.
- Uvavanyo oluphambili lokuqinisekisa isifo kukuhlolwa kwethambo lomongo.
- Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo, kwaye unyango lunokulawula iimpawu.
- Ngenxa yokuba oku kungaphinda kwenzeke ngamanye amaxesha, ukujonga imeko yezonyango ixesha elide kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba uqhubeka uneempawu ezifana ne-anemia, ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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