Ingaba umthambo wakho othwala igazi ukusuka kwinxalenye ephezulu yomzimba wakho ukuya entliziyweni uvalekile? Masifunde ngeSuperior Vena Cava Syndrome!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva uphelelwa ngumoya, ubuso bakho, intamo, okanye izandla zakho zivakala zidumbile? Okanye ngaba ubona imithambo evuvukileyo entanyeni okanye esifubeni sakho? Kungcono ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngezi zinto, akunjalo? Kuba ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zengxaki yomthambo omkhulu wegazi esifubeni sakho. Namhlanje sithetha ngenye yezi meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Superior Vena Cava Syndrome" okanye "SVCS". Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula nangendlela onokuyiqonda.

Ngoko ke, yintoni le `(Superior Vena Cava Syndrome)`?

Ngamafutshane, `(Superior Vena Cava Syndrome)` yingqokelela yeempawu ezenzeka xa kukho ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu esifubeni sethu. Lo mthambo wegazi yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi`(Superior Vena Cava)`. Cinga ngayo njengendlela ethwala igazi elisetyenzisiweyo, elingenaoksijini ukusuka kwinxalenye ephezulu yomzimba wethu - oko kukuthi, ukusuka kwiindawo ezifana nentloko, intamo, iingalo, kunye nesifuba esingaphezulu - ukuya entliziyweni.

Ngoku, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba, ngesizathu esithile - ingaba yithumba elikhula ngaphakathi emzimbeni, okanye ingaba lihlwili legazi - lo mthambo wegazi ucinezelwa okanye uvalwe ngaphakathi? Kulapho ke ingxaki iqala khona. Igazi alikwazi ukufikelela entliziyweni kwaye libambeke ngaphakathi kuloo mthambo, lizale.

Kodwa imizimba yethu nayo iyilwe ngendlela emangalisayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, njengaxa kukho ingxinano yezithuthi endleleni, iimoto ziyajika, kwaye elinye lala gazi livaliweyo lizama ukusebenzisa eminye imithambo emincinci ekufutshane ukuze lifike entliziyweni. Ngale ndlela, igazi linokugeleza liye entliziyweni ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba oku kuvaleleka kwenzeka ngequbuliso okanye kukhulu kakhulu , kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekuhambeni kwegazi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kube yingozi ebomini .

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zezi?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-"Superior Vena Cava Syndrome". Ezi ntlobo zimbini zahlulwe ngokwesizathu seempawu:

1. Isifo se-Malignant SVC: Esi sisifo esibangelwa ngumhlaza . Umzekelo, ithumba linokucinezela umthambo omkhulu wegazi, lithintele ukuhamba kwegazi. Malunga nabantu abasi-7 kwabali-10 abane-SVC syndrome (70%) banalo olu hlobo.

2. I-Benign SVC syndrome: Oku akubangelwa ngumhlaza . Kungabangelwa zezinye iimeko zempilo. Malunga nabantu abathathu kwabalishumi (30%) baya kuba nolu hlobo.

Zingaba yintoni iimpawu zoku?

Ukuba une-SVC syndrome, usenokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu. Ezinye zezi mpawu zezokuqala ukubonakala, ngoko ke kufuneka uziqwalasele ngokukodwa.

• Ukudumba: Ukudumba ebusweni, entanyeni, esifubeni esingaphezulu, kunye/okanye ezandleni. Olu luphawu lokuqala oluvelayo .
• Imithambo ebonakalayo: Imithambo entanyeni okanye esifubeni iqala ukubonakala ikhukhumele kwaye ivuleke. Oku kukwanjaloUphawu olunokubonwa kuqala .
• Umbono ofipheleyo.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ilizwi elitsho ngelizwi eliphantsi, utshintsho.
• Ukuqaqamba okanye ukuquleka.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zinokuba zimbi kwaye zikhule xa ulele . Qaphela loo nto.

Kutheni olu hlobo lwe-`(SVC Syndrome)` luvela? Zithini izizathu?

Masibone ngoku ukuba zeziphi izizathu eziphambili ezinokuchaphazela le meko.

Izinto Ezibangela Umhlaza Eziyingozi

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, umhlaza ngoyena nobangela uphambili we-SVC syndrome. Olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokuchaphazela ngakumbi:

• Umhlaza wemiphunga: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo .
• Umhlaza wee-lymph nodes, umzekelo `(Lymphoma)`.
• Ukuba umhlaza webele usasazekile kwaye uchaphazele ii-lymph nodes kwi-mediastinum yakho.
• I-Mesothelioma (Lo ngumhlaza odla ngokuvela kwi-membrane egubungela imiphunga).
• I-Thymoma (umhlaza we-thymus gland).

Ezinye izizathu ezingezizo ezomhlaza (Izizathu ezingezizo ezomhlaza)

Le meko inokwenzeka ngaphandle komhlaza. Ezi zilandelayo zizizathu ezinokwenzeka:

• Izixhobo zonyango ezifakelweyo: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo engengomhlaza.
• Cinga ngezinto ezinje ngeetyhubhu ezincinci (ii-catheters) ezifakwa emizimbeni yethu ukunyanga iimeko ezithile zempilo (umz., ii-central venous catheters), ii-pacemakers ezinceda ukusebenza kwentliziyo, ii-defibrillators, kunye nee-hemodialysis catheters ezisetyenziselwa ukucoca igazi lezigulane zezintso.
• Xa iingcingo okanye ii-catheter zezi zixhobo zingaphakathi kwiSuperior Vena Cava, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho ukungqubana okanye uxinzelelo eludongeni lwaloo mthambo. Emva koko kunokubakho ukudumba , izicubu ezibomvu , okanye ihlwili legazi . Ezi zinokuwuvala umthambo.
• Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula: Asinguye wonke umntu onesixhobo esifana nesi esifakwe emzimbeni wakhe oya kuba ne-SVC syndrome. Umngcipheko uxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lwesixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo kunye nokuba sihlala ixesha elingakanani emthanjeni.
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngexesha lonyango.
• I-Goiter.
• Iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo i-syphilis okanye isifo sephepha.
• Izimila ezingezizo umhlaza.
• Izifo ezifana ne-`(Sarcoidosis)`.
• Izicwili ezikhula emva konyango lwemitha, okanye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, zinokuwuvala umthambo.

Oogqirha bakuqonda njani oku kanye kanye?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-SVC syndrome, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Emva koko, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa imeko kunye nokufumanisa unobangela. Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso, ngakumbi, lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba igazi lihamba kakuhle na ngemithambo ye-Superior Vena Cava (SVC) okanye ukuba liphambukisiwe ngenxa yokuvaleka.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo onokuba nazo zezi:

• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• `(I-CT scan)` (Uvavanyo lweTomography oluSebenzisiweyo kwiKhompyutha).
• I-Vascular ultrasound (Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi).
• `(Venogram)` (Kule nto, kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo emthanjeni kwaye kuthathwa imifanekiso ye-`X-ray` ukujonga imeko yomthanjeni).

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango lwe-SVC syndrome luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobukhali beempawu zakho . Unyango olusebenzayo kumntu ngamnye lunokwahluka.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukufakwa kwe-endrovascular stenting: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh (i-`stent`) kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo ukuze imithambo yegazi ihlale ivulekile kwakhona. Oku kubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi.
• Ukuba unobangela sisixhobo sezonyango: Ukuba ingxaki ibangelwa sisixhobo sezonyango esifakelweyo, singasuswa okanye sitshintshwe ngesinye esifanelekileyo.
• Amayeza okuphelisa amahlwili egazi: Ukuba ukuvaleka kubangelwa kukuqhekeka kwegazi, amayeza akhethekileyo (nokuba ngenaliti ye-IV okanye njengeepilisi zomlomo) anokunikwa ukunyibilikisa ihlwili.
• Unyango lomhlaza: Ukuba unobangela ngumhlaza, unyango lwemitha okanye i-chemotherapy zingasetyenziswa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
• Utyando:
• Ukuba kukho izimila ezinomhlaza, zingasuswa ngotyando.
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kwenziwe utyando lokutshintsha indlela yokuhamba kwegazi.

Olu nyango lunceda ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokufuneka unyango olungaphezulu kolunye. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo kunye nezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-`(SVC syndrome)` ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza . Emva koko ugqirha unokukuhlola aze akuthumelele unyango olufunekayo.

Kubalulekile nokulandela amaxesha okulandelana nogqirha wakho emva kokuba ufumene unyango. La maxesha kulapho ugqirha wakho aza kuqhubeka ejonga impilo yemithambo yegazi yakho kunye nempumelelo yonyango lwakho.

Kunini apho kufuneka ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo?

Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, oko kuthetha ukuba "i-SVC syndrome" iye yaba mandundu kwaye inokuba yingozi ebomini . Kwimeko enjalo , yiya esibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko, okanye utsalele umnxeba inkonzo ye-ambulensi engxamisekileyo efana neka-1990 .

• Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuquleka .
• Ukuba uva isandi esiphantsi nesiphezulu xa uphefumla okanye ukhupha umoya.
• Ukuba ufumana utshintsho kwindlela ocinga ngayo okanye ukuqonda okukungqongileyo (umz., ukudideka, ukuncipha kokuphaphama).

Ezi mpawu zinzima zinokubangelwa kukudumba kwengqondo okanye kwimigudu yomoya, okanye ukungafumani igazi elaneleyo kumalungu omzimba wakho. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu , ngoko ke kufuneka uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza!

Luhlobo luni lwethemba endinokuba nalo xa ndijongene nale meko?

Ingqikelelo yomntu oneSuperior Vena Cava Syndrome inokwahluka kakhulu. Ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka unobangela weso simo, ubukhali beempawu, kunye nempendulo kunyango .

• Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba unobangela we-SVC syndrome unyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, imeko inokuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo .
• Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu , oku kunokuba yingozi.
• Ngokubanzi, abantu abafumana isifo se-SVC ngenxa yezizathu ezingezizo zomhlaza (izizathu ezingezizo ezomhlaza) badla ngokuphila ixesha elide kunabo bafumana esi sifo ngenxa yomhlaza (iintlobo ezinobungozi).

Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga noku, njengoko imeko yezonyango ebangela isifo se-SVC inokuchaphazela nobomi bakho.

Ukujongana nemeko efana nale kunokuba yingxaki enkulu . Usenokuba sele unyangwa umhlaza, kwaye ezi mpawu zintsha zinokukwenza uzive uxhalabile kwaye uxhalabile ngakumbi ngekamva lakho. Okanye, usenokuba ujamelene nemeko yezonyango ekuncedayo ukuba usinde, enikezela ngonyango olusindisa ubomi.

Nokuba imeko yakho injani na, iqela lakho lezonyango lilapha ukukukhathalela nokukunceda . Banokuchaza unobangela weempawu zakho kwaye bacebise unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe. Ungoyiki ukuthetha nabo ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Qiniseka ukuba uyaqonda yonke into, kuquka indlela unyango oluza kusebenza ngayo kunye nexesha omele ubuye ngalo ukuze ufumane uvavanyo olulandelayo.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule zezi:

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-`(Superior Vena Cava Syndrome)`. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale ukhumbula ezi zinto:

• I-SVC Syndrome yimeko efuna ingqalelo . Ibangelwa kukuvaleka komthambo omkhulu othwala igazi lisuka kwinxalenye ephezulu yomzimba wethu ukuya entliziyweni.
• Lumka ngeempawu ezinje ngokudumba kobuso, intamo, nezandla, imithambo ebonakalayo entanyeni nasesifubeni, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza . Ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze unyango luphumelele.
• Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zoku. Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu.
• Ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko kudla ngokuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula okanye yokunyanga le meko.
• Qaphela iimpawu zengxakeko (isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, izandi ezingaqhelekanga xa uphefumla, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo) kwaye ufune uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kwenzeka eso siganeko.
• Thetha nogqirha malunga neengxaki zakho kunye noloyiko lwakho.

Sikunqwenelela impilo entle!

I- Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, i-SVCS, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, imithambo yesifuba, ukudumba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iimpawu zomhlaza