Ungathanda ukwazi malunga nokufakelwa kweeseli ze-Stem? Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva amagama athi 'ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem' okanye `(Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-Stem)`. Mhlawumbi wena okanye umntu omaziyo uxelelwe ngolu nyango ngugqirha. Ngoko ke mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba luyintoni kanye kanye, luhlobo luni lwezifo olusetyenziselwa zona, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni emva koku. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Zithini ii-stem cells? Zisebenza njani?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi seli ze-stem. Ngamafutshane, ezi luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweeseli emzimbeni wethu. Ezi seli zinamandla amangalisayo, okukukhula zibe lolunye uhlobo lweeseli. Kufana nomlingo, akunjalo? Xa kufikwa ekufakweni kweeseli ze-stem, sithetha ngokukodwa ngeeseli ze-stem ezenza igazi. Ezi seli zezo kamva zenza ezi zinto zifunwa yimizimba yethu:

• Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu: Ezi ziiseli ezithwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu. Khawucinge nje, ezi seli zisinceda siphefumle.
• Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe: Ezi seli zegazi ezimhlophe zisikhusela ngokulwa neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Zifana namajoni emizimbeni yethu.
• Iiplatelets: Ezi ziiplatelets eziyeka ukopha xa unenxeba elincinci. Zinceda ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.

Ngoko ke, ezi stem cells ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yethu yegazi.

Yintoni iStem Cell Transplant?

Ngoku ekubeni sele unombono omncinci ngee-stem cells, yintoni ukufakelwa kwee-stem cell? Kule nto, oogqirha bathatha ii-stem cells eziphilileyo baze bazifake egazini lomntu. Oku kwenziwa ukuze kutshintshwe ii-stem cells abanazo ukuba azisebenzi kakuhle.

Kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo kolu nyango. Nangona kunjalo, lunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwaye luncede abantu abanezifo ezinzulu.

Ngabantu abanjani abafuna ukufakelwa iiseli ze-stem?

Ayinguye wonke umntu oya kuyidinga le nyango. Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem kudla ngokwenziwa ukunceda abantu abanezi meko zilandelayo:

• Kwabo banezifo ezinzulu ezinxulumene negazi okanye iingxaki zomzimba.
• Kubantu abaneentlobo ezithile zomhlaza (umz. i-leukemia).
• Ukunqongophala kwamasosha omzimba (oko kukuthi, abantu abangakwaziyo ukulwa nezifo).
• Kubantu abanezifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba , ezifana ne-lupus.
• Kubantu abanezifo ezinxulumene negazi, umzekelo, iimeko ezifana neThalassemia okanye iSickle Cell Disease .

Kwiimeko ezinje, ekubeni ii-stem cells zesigulana zingasebenzi kakuhle, ukunikela ngee-cells ezintsha eziphilileyo kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

Sizifumana njani ezi seli ze-stem ezinokutyalwa kwenye indawo?

Umbuzo omhle! Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokufumana ezi seli zibalulekileyo:

1. Ukufakelwa kweBone Marrow: Oku yinto abantu abaninzi abaye bayiva. Ezi stem cells ziveliswa kwi-bone marrow, engaphakathi kwamathambo ethu amakhulu.

2. Kwi-plasma yegazi (umjelo wegazi): Ii-stem cells nazo zinokuhlulwa ngqo egazini kusetyenziswa iindlela ezikhethekileyo.

3. Igazi leNtambo yoMbilical: Emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, igazi elishiyekileyo kwintambo yoMbilical likwaqulathe ezi seli zibalulekileyo. Ezi zinokuqokelelwa zize zisetyenziswe ngumntu osweleyo.

Umntu obonelela ngezi seli ze-stem ubizwa ngokuba ngumxhasi . Kwezinye iimeko, isigulana singaba ngumxhasi waso. Oko kukuthi, iiseli zaso ze-stem zithathwa kuqala, zigcinwe kwifriji ekhethekileyo (ziqandisiwe), zize ziphinde zityalwe kwakhona. Kwezinye iimeko, omnye umntu unikela ngezi seli.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba uthatha ii-stem cells komnye umntu, ukwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo zezo seli kufanele kufane kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntakwenu okanye udadewenu ngoyena mntu uhambelanayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokufumana umntu ohambelanayo nomzali okanye nomntu ongazalaniyo kwaphela.

Kuthekani ukuba iiseli zomnikeli azifanelani kakuhle?

Le yingongoma ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ii-stem cells zomnikeli azifanelani kakuhle (nangona ngamanye amaxesha zihambelana kakuhle), iingxaki ezimbini zinokuvela:

1. Ukwaliwa: Kulapho inkqubo yomzimba yesigulana ihlasela iiseli ezisandula ukufakelwa, ezinikelweyo, ngokungathi icinga, "Ezi azizezethu."

2. Isifo se-Graft-versus-Host: Oku kuchasene kancinci. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba iiseli ezisandula ukufakelwa, ezinikelweyo (i-graft) ziza zihlasele iiseli eziphilileyo emzimbeni wesigulana (umninimzi).

Oogqirha basebenzisa amayeza akhethekileyo ukuthintela izinto ezinje.

Yenzeka njani inkqubo yokufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem?

Nangona oku kungabonakala ngathi yinkqubo enzima kancinci, masiyigcine ilula.

Okokuqala, ngaphambi kokufakelwa i-stem cell, oogqirha bafaka into ebizwa ngokuba yi-``Central Line / Central Venous Catheter`` phantsi kolusu lwesigulana, kumthambo omkhulu okufutshane nentliziyo. Le yityhubhu ekhethekileyo enokushiywa emzimbeni ixesha elide kunomgca we-``IV``` oqhelekileyo. Oku kuvumela ukuba kube lula ukunika amayeza kunye neesampuli zegazi ngaphandle kweenaliti rhoqo.

Ukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu kwenziwa esibhedlele .

Okokuqala, umntu ofumana ii-stem cells ezinikelweyo unikwa i-chemotherapy ephezulu kunye/okanye i-radiation . Oku kwenziwa ngezizathu ezibini:

• Tshabalalisa ezo seli zingenampilo ezibangele esi sifo.
• Yenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yesigulana ukuze iiseli ezisandul’ ukunikezelwa zingalahlwa.

Emva koko, iiseli ze-stem eziphilileyo ezinikelweyo zifakwa emzimbeni wesigulana ngendlela ye-intravenous (IV), efana ne-saline efakwa emthanjeni.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokufakelwa isitho sangasese? Yintoni onokuyilindela?

Emva kokufakelwa i-stem cell, kuthatha ixesha ukuba umzimba wesigulana uvelise iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Ngeli xesha, umngcipheko wosulelo, ukopha, kunye nezinye iingxaki uyanda.

Uninzi lwabantu luza kuhlala esibhedlele malunga neeveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kokufakelwa isibeleko. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liza kuba nexhala kakhulu malunga noku:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba iiseli zokuqala ezityaliweyo zenza iiseli ezintsha zegazi na.
• Amayeza: Athintela ukwaliwa kunye nesifo se-Graft-versus-Host, esithethe ngaso ngaphambili.
• Amayeza anikwa ukuthintela usulelo.
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko , iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets zinikwa ngaphandle (utofelo-gazi).
• Bayajonga ukuba ezinye izitho zomzimba, ezifana nesibindi nezintso, zisebenza kakuhle na.
• Ukuba kuvela naziphi na iingxaki, ezinje ngezilonda emlonyeni, ukuhlanza, urhudo, usulelo, ukopha, ukwaliwa, okanye isifo se-Graft-versus-Host, ziyanyangwa.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana sifumana ukutya okunempilo.
• Bonke abatyeleli bayahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba balandela imithetho yokuthintela usulelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba:
• Akuyonto ilungileyo ukutyelela nabani na ogulayo.
• Wonke umntu oza kutyelela kufuneka ahlambe izandla zakhe kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba angene kwigumbi.
• Wonke umntu makanxibe imaski, iiglavu, kunye nengubo ekhethekileyo.

La manyathelo okhuseleko abaluleke kakhulu kuba ngeli xesha, amajoni omzimba esigulana aphantsi kakhulu. Kwanentsholongwane encinci inokubangela ingxaki enkulu.

Yintoni onokuyenza ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza?

Ngokwesiqhelo kuthatha malunga nonyaka ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba ibuyele esiqhelweni emva kokufakelwa i-stem cell. Kude kube ngoko, unokuba sengozini yosulelo olunzima. Nokuba umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo unokuba yingozi. Ngoko ke, nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzikhusele kwiintsholongwane:

• Wena, usapho lwakho, kunye nabani na okutyelelayo kufuneka nihlambe izandla zenu rhoqo nangokucokisekileyo. Sebenzisa isepha yokubulala iintsholongwane okanye isicoci sezandla.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Hlamba umzimba wakho yonke imihla ngeshampu nesepha ethambileyo.

Kwakhona, landela le miyalelo ngononophelo evela kwiqela lakho lezonyango:

• Uza kukwazi nini ukubuyela esikolweni, ukuphuma, nokuya kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke?
• Xa kufuneka unxibe imaski.
• Zeziphi ukutya ezilungileyo onokuzitya kunye nezo zingalunganga onokuzitya.
• Nokuba ungaba phakathi kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okanye akunjalo.

Konke oku kwenzelwa ukukhusela wena.

Yintoni enye ofuna ukuyazi?

Emva kokufakelwa i-stem cell kunye nokuphuma esibhedlele, ulutsha oluninzi luyaphola kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa iqela lakho lezonyango liyazi ukuba eli xesha lokuphola linokuba nzima. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana inkxaso yeemvakalelo. Ugqirha wakho, unontlalontle esibhedlele, okanye ingcali yobomi babantwana banokukunceda ngeli xesha linzima. Ngoko ke ungaze woyike ukucela uncedo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngoko nangoko?

Ukuba unenye yezi mpawu, wena okanye abazali bakho nifanele nitsalele ugqirha umnxeba ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongama-38.0 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) okanye ngaphezulu .
• Ukuba unempumlo egobhozayo, ukukhohlela, okanye isifuba sakho siqinile.
• Ukuba unesihlungu okanye urhudo.
• Ukuba isitulo simnyama.
• Ukuba ukrweleka okanye wopha nakweyiphi na into encinci.
• Ukuba kukho igazi kumchamo.
• Ukuba uziva unesiyezi , unentloko ebuhlungu , okanye ubona izinto zingahambi kakuhle.
• Ukuba ukhohlela kwaye wopha okanye ukuba impumlo yakho iyopha kwaye ayiyeki emva kwemizuzu embalwa.

Musa ukuzityeshela ezi mpawu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ngoko ke, ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-Stem lunyango oluxabisekileyo kakhulu kwezinye izifo ezinzulu. Nangona luyinkqubo enzima, inika ithemba elitsha kubomi abaninzi.

• Iiseli ze-stem ziiseli ezikhethekileyo ezenza igazi emizimbeni yethu.
• Ukufakelwa iseli kubandakanya ukunika isigulana iiseli eziphilileyo.
• Oku kufuna ixesha kunye nokhathalelo olukhethekileyo ukuze kuphinde kulunge.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane.
• Ukuba uneengxaki okanye ukungakhululeki, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Baza kukuchazela yonke into ngokweenkcukacha. Hlala ukhumbula ukuba awuwedwa!

Ukufakelwa kweeseli zeStem, Izifo zegazi, Unyango lomhlaza, Ukungakhuseleki komzimba, Ukufakelwa kweBone Marrow, Impilo