Ngaba nawe unembono emangalisayo ngemibala? Masifunde ngale khono ingaqhelekanga (iTetrachromacy)!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba abanye abantu banokubona imibala engaphezulu kunathi? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesakhono esikhethekileyo, esingaqhelekanga kancinci, kodwa esimangalisayo ngokwenene. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'(Tetrachromacy)' kwisayensi yezonyango. Ngamafutshane, okwenzekayo kukuba abanye abantu, ingakumbi abafazi, banokwahlula nokubona izigidi zemibala emininzi ngokufihlakeleyo kunabanye. Akumangalisi na? Makhe sibone ukuba oku kwenzeka njani.

Yintoni iTetrachromacy?

Ngamafutshane, `(Tetrachromacy)` sisixhobo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Abantu abanale khono baneentlobo ezine zeeseli emehlweni abo ezinokubona imibala. Uninzi lwethu luneentlobo ezintathu zeeseli. Ezi seli sizibiza ngokuba yi`(cones)` . Zifumaneka kwi`(retina)` ngasemva kwamehlo ethu. Ezi cones zezona zibona ukukhanya kwaye zithumela ulwazi malunga nemibala engqondweni.

Khawucinge nje, umntu oneentlobo ezintathu zeekhowuni unokwahlula aze aqonde izigidi zemibala. Kuthekani ke ngomntu onolu hlobo lwesine lweekhowuni? Banokwahlula aze aqonde amakhulu ezigidi zemibala ! Oko kuthetha ukuba mhlawumbi babona ihlabathi elinemibala neliqaqambileyo kuneli silibonayo.

Kodwa kukho ingxaki encinci. Iingcali azikafumani uvavanyo oluthembekileyo lokufumanisa ukuba le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Tetrachromacy", ikhona na. Ngoko ke kunzima ukutsho ukuba ixhaphake kangakanani okanye ayiqhelekanga kangakanani na. Ukuba ukhangela kwi-Intanethi, ungabona into efana ne-"Tetrachromacy Test." Kodwa, ukuba ndithetha inyani, akukho ndlela yokuyixilonga ngokuchanekileyo le nto kwi-intanethi. Ngoko ke kungcono ukungathembi kakhulu ezo mvavanyo.

Isebenza njani i-tetrachromacy?

Sitshilo ngaphambili ukuba abantu abane-"Tetrachromacy" banohlobo olongezelelweyo lwekhowuni. Le khowuni eyongezelelweyo yiyo ebavumela ukuba babone imibala emininzi. Makhe sijonge iintlobo ezintathu zekhowuni ezihlala zifumaneka emehlweni ethu:

• Ubomvu (ikhowuni ye-L): Ubomvu bunobude obude bomda. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yikhowuni ye-L.
• Oluhlaza (i-M cone): Oku kuphakathi kwe-spectrum ebonakalayo, enobude obuphakathi. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-M cone.
• Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ii-S cones): Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lunobude obufutshane bomda. Ke ngoko, ezi zii-S cones.

Abantu abane-``Tetrachromacy`` badla ngokuba nolu hlobo lwekhowuni lwesine olunovelwano kakhulu kwimibala esondele kwi-orenji. Olu hlobo lwekhowuni lwesine lubangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Oko kukuthi, utshintsho kwiizakhi zofuzo.

Ngoko ke, le khowuni yesine yenza njani ukuba umbono wombala ube mfutshane kangaka?

Cinga ngale ndlela. Olu hlobo lwesine lwekhowuni lufana nolwazi lombala oluqokelelwe zezinye iikhowuni, kodwa alufani ncam.Yongeza ulwazi. Emva koko ingqondo yakho icubungula lonke olu lwazi lwahlukeneyo lombala, nto leyo eyandisa uvakalelo lwakho lombala nangakumbi. Yiyo loo nto abantu abane-"Tetrachromacy" bebona imibala emininzi ngokuphindwe kamakhulu amawaka.

Kutheni abanye abantu beyila le khowuni yesine?

Isizathu soku sikwiijini zethu. Ngokukodwa, ijini elawula i-L cone, ebona ubomvu, ikwi -X chromosome .

Ngoku khangela, ukuba uyindoda, une-chromosome enye ye-X. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho utshintsho kuloo nto, zonke ii-L cones zakho ziya kutshintshwa, kwaye unokuba nohlobo oluthile lokungaboni imibala.

Nangona kunjalo, abafazi baneekopi ezimbini ze-chromosome X. Ngoko ke, ukuba ikopi enye ine-gene eguquliweyo, unokuba nee-L cones eziqhelekileyo kunye nee-L cones eziguquliweyo. Malunga ne-12% yabasetyhini banale meko. Nangona kunjalo, ayingabo bonke abane-`(Tetrachromacy)` yokwenyani. Ukuze oku kwenzeke, kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane nezinye izinto ezimbini:

1. Ikhowuni yesine kufuneka ibe novakalelo olwahlukileyo lwemvamisa. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka ibe novakalelo kwimibala ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunezinye iikhowuni. Ngaphandle koko, ingqondo ayizukukwazi ukwandisa uvakalelo lombala ngolwazi olufunyenwe kwikhowuni eyongezelelweyo.

2. Ingqondo yakho kufuneka ibe nemijelo emine yemibala ukuze icubungule ulwazi lombala. Ngokwesiqhelo, ingqondo yomntu inemijelo emithathu yemibala kuphela. Nokuba uneentlobo ezine zeekhowuni, ukuba unemijelo emithathu yemibala kuphela, awuyi kukwazi ukulisebenzisa elo lwazi lombala longezelelweyo.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba uneentlobo ezine zeekhowuni kunye nemijelo emithathu yemibala. Nangona kunjalo, unokuba nohlobo "olubuthathaka" lwe-tetrachromacy. Abantu abanjalo bahlala besebenza ngcono kwiimvavanyo zokubona imibala kunabantu abaqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uphando olongezelelekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba la manqanaba abuthathaka/aqinileyo e-tetrachromacy akhona ngokwenene kwaye asebenza njani.

Kubalulekile: Oku kubonisa ukuba `(Tetrachromacy)` ayikokuba nekhowuni eyongezelelweyo kuphela, kodwa ikwamalunga nolwakhiwo lobuchopho.

Ivavanywa njani i-tetrachromacy yokwenyani?

Esinye sezixhobo eziphambili abaphandi abazisebenzisayo ukufumanisa ukuba une-tetrachromacy kukuvavanya i-DNA . Abaphandi bayazi ukuba zeziphi ii-genes ezilawula indlela esebenza ngayo ii-cones emehlweni ethu. Ngoko ke bayazi apho ezi nguqu zinokubakho khona kunye nezinye zenguqu ezithile ezinokubangela oko.

Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwe-DNA lodwa alunakuqinisekisa ukuba une-Tetrachromacy. Lufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kakhulu nezibiza kakhulu. Kwakhona, uvavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe kwindawo apho iimeko zokukhanya zingachaphazeli iziphumo. Ezi zihlala zenziwa kumaziko ophando nakwizibhedlele ezinxulumene neeyunivesithi.

Awukwazi ukuthatha uvavanyo kwi-intanethi?

Hayi. Akukho vavanyo olusemthethweni olukwi-intanethi olunokufumanisa `(iTetrachromacy)`.Oku akunakufezekiswa kusetyenziswa iikhompyutha ezininzi kunye nezixhobo zobuchwepheshe. Ngamafutshane, izikrini zezixhobo ezininzi azikwazi ukubonisa imibala ngendlela ebonakalayo kuphela kwabo bane-"Tetrachromacy".

Njengazo zonke izixhobo esizisebenzisayo (iidesktops, iilaptops, iitablets, ii-smartphones), izikrini zinemijelo emithathu yemibala: ebomvu, eluhlaza, nebhlowu (njengeekhowuni emehlweni ethu). Ezi mijelo zezona zixhaphakileyo, kuba amehlo abantu abaninzi asebenza kakuhle ngaloo ndlela. Nangona kunjalo, izikrini zanamhlanje azilungile ekuboniseni itshaneli yemibala yesine, ngoko ke azilungile ekuboniseni i-tetrachromacy.

Uvavanyo lokuvavanya imibala olukwi-intanethi nalo aluthembekanga. Kuba ukuze luchaneke, imonitha/isikrini osisebenzisayo kufuneka silinganiswe kakuhle. Umbala wegumbi okulo nawo unokuwuchaphazela.

Abantu abane-tetrachromacy babona njani?

Abantu abane-Tetrachromacy "ebuthathaka" banokubona imibala ngcono kunabantu abaqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-Tetrachromacy "eqinileyo" (ebizwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokuba yi-"Tetrachromacy") banomlinganiselo ongaqhelekanga wokubona imibala . Ubuncinane, babona imibala emininzi ngokuphindwe kamakhulu amawaka kunomntu oqhelekileyo.

Ukuze ukuqonde oku ngakumbi, cinga ngabantu abane-dichromacy (iintlobo ezimbini kuphela zeekhowuni). Nangona beneentlobo ezimbini zeekhowuni kuphela, banokubona imibala emalunga ne-10,000. Abantu abafana nathi abangama-trichromats (baneentlobo ezintathu zeekhowuni) banokubona imibala emalunga nesigidi ukuya kwi-10 yezigidi. Oko kungaphezulu ngokuphindwe ka-100 ukuya kwi-1000 kunee-dichromats. Emva koko khawucinge ukuba umntu one-tetrachromacy unokubona imibala engaphezulu kangakanani!

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba indlela obona ngayo umbala "ixhomekeke kwimbono yakho" . Oko kukuthi, ubona umbala ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuwe, yobuqu. Uphando lubonise ukuba oku kuyinyani naphakathi kwabantu abangenawo umahluko kwimbono yombala. Eso sesinye sezizathu zokuba abantu ngamanye amaxesha bangavumelani ngombala wento enye (njengoko kubonwa ngamanye amaxesha kwizithuba ze-"viral" kwi-Intanethi).

Ngoko ke, wazi njani ukuba une-tetrachromacy?

Ngelishwa, akukho mpendulo ilula kulo mbuzo. Nokuba uvavanyo olukwi-intanethi luthembisa kangakanani na, lo mbuzo awunakuphendulwa. Okokuqala, kubonakala ngathi ngabafazi kuphela abanokuba ne-`(Tetrachromacy)`. Kwakhona, i-`(Tetrachromacy)` yokwenyani inqabile kangangokuba zimbalwa kakhulu iimeko eziqinisekisiweyo.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba neTetrachromacy, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokuqinisekisa kukuba wenze uvavanyo olukhethekileyo nabaphandi bezenzululwazi. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba uneTetrachromacy enamandla, ungajonga indawo ekungqongileyo kwaye ufumane yonke imibala, yonke imibala, yonke imibala, ngendlela abantu abaninzi abangazange bayibone okanye bayiqonde.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, masizikhumbuze ngezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo malunga ne-`(Tetrachromacy)` esithethe ngazo:

• I-Tetrachromacy yikhono elingaqhelekanga kakhulu.Kule nto, umntu unokwahlula aze abone izigidi zemibala ngaphezu kwabantu abaqhelekileyo.
• Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho uhlobo olongezelelweyo lwekhowuni (yesine) esweni kunye nokucubungula ngokufanelekileyo olo lwazi yingqondo.
• Le meko idla ngokubonakala kakhulu kubasetyhini , kwaye kukho izizathu zemfuza zayo (ngokukodwa ezinxulumene ne-chromosome X).
• Uvavanyo olukwi-intanethi alunakukwazi ukumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unayo "iTetrachromacy". Musa ukukhohliswa yiloo nto.
• I-tetrachromacy yokwenyani inokuqinisekiswa kuphela ngophando lwesayensi olukhethekileyo kunye novavanyo lwe-DNA .
• Ekubeni oku kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unolu hlobo lombono ongaqhelekanga wombala, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Khumbula, amehlo ethu sisitho esintsonkothileyo nesimangalisayo. ``I-Tetrachromacy`` yinxalenye enye yaso. Umbono wombala womntu wonke unokwahluka kancinci, kwaye yiloo nto eyenza ihlabathi libe lihle kangaka!

I- Tetrachromasia, umbono wombala, iiseli zekhoni, utshintsho lwemfuza, i-chromosome X, izifo ezingaqhelekanga, ukubona