Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ingqondo iyaziqonda njani zonke izinto esizibonayo ngamehlo ethu, esizivayo ngeendlebe zethu, esizingcamla ngolwimi lwethu, nesiziva ngayo ngemizimba yethu? Zininzi izinto ezenzekayo kufutshane nathi ngaxeshanye! Ngubani othumela lonke olu lwazi kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuba ludideke engqondweni aze asixelele intsingiselo yalo? Yiyo loo nto kukho ilungu elibalulekileyo, elincinci kodwa elikhulu ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu. Igama lalo yithalamus . Namhlanje sithetha ngeli lungu limangalisayo.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-thalamus?
Khawuthelekelele usiya kwisikhululo sikaloliwe saseColombo Fort. Bonke oololiwe abavela kulo lonke elaseSri Lanka bafika kuqala eFort. Ukusuka apho, oololiwe badluliselwa kwezinye iindlela ekufuneka baye kuzo. I-Thalamasa ifana nesikhululo sikaloliwe esiphambili ezingqondweni zethu .
Le yindlu encinci efana neqanda enzulu engqondweni yethu, embindini. Kukho ezimbini kwezi, enye kwicala ngalinye lobuchopho. Lonke ulwazi lweemvakalelo kunye nolweentshukumo oluza ebuchotsheni luvela emzimbeni wethu, luqala lufike kule thalamus. Kulapho ihlela khona olo lwazi ize ithi, "Kulungile, le yinto enxulumene nombono, ndifuna ukuyithumela kwinxalenye yengqondo elawula umbono," "Le yinto enxulumene nokuva, ndifuna ukuyithumela kwinxalenye elawula loo nto," ize iqondiswe kwindawo efanelekileyo. Oko kukuthi, ithalamus liziko eliphambili elamkela, licubungula, kwaye liqondise olu lwazi ngaphambi kokuba luthunyelwe kumaleko wangaphandle wobuchopho, i-cerebral cortex.
Zonke izivamvo ngaphandle kwesinye zidlula kwi-thalamus ngaphambi kokuba zifike engqondweni. Leyo yindlela yokuvumba . Inendlela ekhethekileyo.
Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yethalamus?
Umsebenzi owenziwe yile organ incinci awungomsebenzi mncinci. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo.
- Ukudlulisa ulwazi lweemvakalelo: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, imiqondiso yemithambo-luvo yazo zonke iimvakalelo zakho—ukubona, ukuva, ukungcamla, kunye nokuchukumisa—ifika kuqala kwi-thalamus. Iindawo ezikhethekileyo apho zifumana olu lwazi, zilucubungule, kwaye ziluthumele kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zobuchopho. Kufana nokucwangcisa oonobumba eposini.
- Ulwazi lokuhambisa iintshukumo zomzimba: Xa ufuna ukuhambisa ingalo yakho, ukuhamba, okanye ukubamba into ethile, imiyalelo evela kwingqondo yakho ihamba kule thalamus. Oku kuthetha ukuba isebenza njengendawo enkulu yokudibanisa iindlela ezilawula zombini iimvakalelo kunye nentshukumo.
- Ukubeka phambili ingqwalasela:Khawuthelekelele ukwimarike exineneyo. Umntu ukhwaza kwelinye icala, kuvakala ingoma kwelinye, imoto iqhuba phambili, kwaye imifuno inemibala evenkileni. Ukuba konke oku kungene engqondweni yethu ngaxeshanye, bekungayi kuyenza ingqondo yethu iphambane? Ngelo xesha, ingqondo isinceda sihlele le nqwaba yolwazi size sithi , "Yeyiphi eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngoku? Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyiqwalasele kuqala?" Yile ngqondo egqiba kwelokuba ukunikel' ingqalelo kwisandi semoto ngelixa uwela indlela kubaluleke ngaphezu kwezinye izandi.
- Indima engqondweni: I-thalamus idlala indima enkulu ekukuvuseni nasekukugcineni uphaphile imini yonke. Ikwabandakanyeka ekulawuleni umjikelo wokulala nokuvuka.
- Indima ekuqondeni nasekukhumbuleni: I-thalamus inxulumene ngokusondeleyo ne-"Limbic System"`, inkqubo esengqondweni yethu ebandakanyeka kwizinto ezifana neemvakalelo, ukugcina nokucubungula iinkumbulo, nokufunda. Ke ngoko, ikwadlala indima ekulawuleni iinkumbulo kunye neemvakalelo zethu.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-thalamus yonakele?
Ekubeni liziko elibaluleke kangaka, nokuba yingozi encinci kwithalamus inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimisebenzi yethu emininzi yomzimba neyengqondo. Khawucinge ngento enokwenzeka ukuba inkqubo yokubonisana kwisikhululo sikaloliwe saseFort ibingaphuka. Ngaba izithuthi zikaloliwe zelizwe lonke bezingayi kuphazamiseka? Yiyo loo nto kunjalo.
Izizathu ezimbini eziphambili zomonakalo kwi-thalamus yi -stroke , ekukuvaleka okanye ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni, kunye neethumba zobuchopho .
| Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo (i-Amnesia) | Usenokungakwazi ukulibala izinto ezindala okanye ukwakha iinkumbulo ezintsha. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kuyo nayiphi na into (Ukungakhathali) | Usenokuphelelwa ngumdla okanye umnqweno wezinto obukade uzonwabela. |
| Ubunzima bokuthetha nokuqonda (i-Aphasia) | Ukungathethi kakuhle, ukuthetha ngendlela engenangqiqo, okanye ukuba nobunzima bokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu. |
| Iingxaki zokuqaphela nokuphaphama | Andikwazi ukugxila kwinto enye, kwaye ndisoloko ndiziva ndisozela. |
| Iingxaki zokucubungula imizwa | Indlela oziva ngayo izinto ezinje ngokuchukumisa, iintlungu, kunye nobushushu zinokutshintsha. Ngamanye amaxesha nokuba uchukumise kancinci kunokuvakala ngathi yintlungu enganyamezelekiyo. |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba | Iingxaki zokuhamba ezinje ngokungcangcazela kunye nobunzima bokuhamba zinokubakho. |
| Intlungu engapheliyo | I-Thalamic pain syndrome inokwenzeka ngaphandle kokwenzakala emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela ukutsha okungapheliyo, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukuba ndindisholo. |
Zithini iimeko ezinzima?
Ukuba umonakalo kwi-thalamus unzima kakhulu, unokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu.
- Ukungazi nto kunye nokuQoba iKhoma: Umntu unokuba nengxaki ngokupheleleyo engqondweni.
- Iingxaki zokulala: Iingxaki ezifana nokungalali zinokubakho. Isifo esingaqhelekanga nesibulalayo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Fatal Familyal Insomnia" sinxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nomonakalo kwi-thalamus.
- Iingxaki zokubona: Usenokubona ungaboni kakuhle okanye ube nengxaki yokubona ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo.
Ezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba ziqala ngequbuliso (umzekelo, ukuthetha okungacacanga, ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba), zinokuba ziimpawu zestroke. Kubalulekile ukuya kwicandelo likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
Izifo ezikhethekileyo ezinxulumene ne-thalamus
Ukongeza kwi-stroke eqhelekileyo kunye nee-tumor, kukho iimeko ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga ezichaphazela ngokukodwa i-thalamus.
- Ukungalali Kwentsapho Okubulalayo:Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu esibangelwa lufuzo. Xa sikhula, amandla okulala ayaphela kancinci kancinci. Kunye noku, izinto ezifana neengxaki zengqondo, ukwehla kobunzima, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukufa kwenzeka.
- Isifo sikaCreutzfeldt-Jacob: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu esonakalisa ingqondo. Esi sifo sikwayonakalisa nethalamus.
- I-Korsakoff Syndrome: Le meko yenzeka xa ukusela utywala kakhulu kubangela ukunqongophala kwe-vitamin B1 (Thiamine), oko konakalisa iindawo zengqondo ezibandakanyeka kwinkumbulo, ingakumbi iindlela ezidibanisa ne-thalamus. Oku kubangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kakhulu.
Ngaba kukho naluphi na unyango olujolise kwi-thalassemia?
Ewe. I-thalamus ijoliswa xa kunyangwa izifo ezithile. Umzekelo ongcono sisifo sikaParkinson .
Iimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson, ezinje ngokungcangcazela, kunzima kwabanye abantu ukuzilawula ngamayeza. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kusetyenziswa unyango olubizwa ngokuba yiDeep Brain Stimulation (DBS) . Oku kubandakanya ukubeka i-electrode entle kakhulu kwindawo ethile ye-thalamus nokuthumela imiqondiso emincinci yombane kuyo ukulawula ezo ntshukumo zingaqhelekanga. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubonelela ngokukhululeka okukhulu kwizigulana.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-thalamus yeyona "ndawo yolwazi" okanye "isikhululo sikaloliwe" esiphambili embindini wobuchopho bethu.
- Kulapho izivamvo zethu, ezinje ngokubona, ukuva, ukuchukumisa, nokungcamla, kunye nolwazi olulawula iintshukumo zomzimba, zithunyelwa khona engqondweni.
- Ingqondo ikwabalulekile kwizinto ezifana nokuqaphela, ukuphaphama, ukulala, inkumbulo, kunye neemvakalelo.
- Ukuba i-thalamus yonakele ngenxa yezizathu ezifana ne-stroke okanye iithumba zobuchopho, iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokuthetha, iingxaki zokuhamba, kunye nentlungu engapheliyo zinokwenzeka.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ngequbuliso ufumana iimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuthetha, ukungaziva mnandi kwelinye icala lomzimba, okanye intloko ebuhlungu, musa ukuchitha ixesha uye kugqirha okanye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Isenokuba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu yobuchopho.
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