Iingozi zinokwenzeka ngamaxesha angalindelekanga ebomini bethu. Ngamanye amaxesha, sitsha ngamanzi ashushu achithekileyo, okanye xa sipheka, sitsha yioyile. Nangona uninzi lwala matshiso luncinci, amanye anzima kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngohlobo lomatshiso olunzima kakhulu, olubizwa ngokuba yi-third-degree burns, okanye `(Third-Degree Burns)`. Kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakubantu obathandayo ukuba nazi ngale nto.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu?
Ukutsha kukulimala kolusu lwethu kunye nezicubu ezingaphantsi kwalo, okubangelwa yinto efana nobushushu obuphezulu, iikhemikhali, okanye umbane. Ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu kuxa lo monakalo usiba nzulu ngakumbi.
Cinga ngolusu lwethu njengekhekhe elinemigangatho emithathu.
1. Umaleko ophezulu (i-Epidermis): Le yinxalenye yolusu esiyibonayo.
2. Umaleko wesibini (iDermis): Kulapho izinto ezifana neendlala zokubila, iifollicle zeenwele, kunye nemithambo yegazi zifumaneka khona.
3. Umaleko wesithathu (iHypodermis): Lo ngumaleko onzulu kakhulu, owenziwe ngamafutha.
Xa kutsha okwenqanaba lesithathu, zonke ezi layer zintathu zonakele . Akuphelanga apho, kodwa kwaneziphelo zemithambo-luvo ezingaphantsi kolusu ziyatshatyalaliswa.
Eyona nto yoyikekayo apha kukuba awuva ntlungu kwindawo etshileyo kuba imithambo-luvo yonakele. Ngenxa yokuba akukho ntlungu, abanye abantu bacinga, "Owu... le ayisiyonto inkulu kangako." Kodwa ke yona into yoyikekayo. Nokuba awuva ntlungu, umonakalo mkhulu kakhulu.
Injani imeko yokutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu?
Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezinokubona ukutsha okunje. Usenokungaziboni zonke ezi mpawu ngaxeshanye.
- Ulusu olutshileyo lufana nolwesikhumba .
- Ulusu luba lome kakhulu .
- Umbala wolusu uyatshintsha. Unokuba mhlophe, mnyama, okanye ube bomvu obumnyama .
- Indawo etshileyo iyadumba .
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba xa ucinezela indawo etshileyo ngomnwe wakho, ayijiki ibe mhlophe ize iphinde ibe bomvu. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka xa kutshile kwinqanaba lokuqala nelesibini. Kodwa akwenzeki xa kutshile kwinqanaba lesithathu.
Amaxesha amaninzi, ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu kuhamba neempawu zokutsha kwenqanaba lesibini, ezifana namadyungudyungu kunye nolusu olukhazimlayo nolumanzi.
Masiwazi kakuhle umahluko phakathi kwamanqanaba okutsha
Ukutsha kwahlulwe ngokwendlela ulusu lonakele ngayo. Le theyibhile iza kukunceda ukuqonde oku lula.
| Inqanaba lokutsha | Izakhelo zesikhumba ezonakeleyo | Inkangeleko ngokubanzi |
|---|---|---|
| Isidanga sokuqala | Kuphela umaleko ophezulu wesikhumba (i-epidermis). | Ukuba bomvu kwesikhumba, ukudumba okuncinci, intlungu. (umz. ukutsha lilanga) |
| Isidanga sesibini | Iingqimba eziphezulu neziphakathi zesikhumba (i-Epidermis kunye ne-Dermis). | Amadyungudyungu, ubomvu obukhulu, iintlungu eziqatha. |
| Inqanaba lesithathu | Zonke iileya ezintathu zesikhumba kunye neleya yamafutha (iHypodermis). | Ulusu lujika lube mhlophe/lumnyama/lube mdaka, lubonakala lomile, alunazo iintlungu . |
| Amanqanaba amane, amahlanu, kunye namathandathu | Ezi zimbi kakhulu. Umonakalo ungafikelela kwizihlunu, kwimisipha, nasemathanjeni. | Ulusu lutshabalaliswe ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo eveza izicubu ezingaphantsi. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, nakuphi na ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu okanye okubi kakhulu kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo . Ungaze uzame ukukunyanga ekhaya.
Yintoni ebangela ukutsha okukhulu kangaka?
Nantoni na ebangela ukutsha okuqhelekileyo inokubangela ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu, kuxhomekeke kubude bexesha ulusu ludibana nalo mbandela kunye nobukhali bawo (ubunzima bawo).
- Ilangatye: Ukuvezwa ngqo emlilweni.
- Izinto ezishushu: Ukuba nento efana nentsimbi eshushu okanye i-silencer edibana nomzimba ixesha elide.
- Amanzi ashushu okanye umphunga: Ukupheka emanzini abilayo, ioyile, okanye umphunga osuka kwisitya sokupheka esinoxinzelelo.
- Umbane: Umbane oqhushumbiswa ngamandla aphezulu.
- Iikhemikhali: Ulusu ludibana nee-asidi okanye iziseko ezinamandla.
- Ukubanda kakhulu: Ukushiya izinto ezibandayo kakhulu (umz. umkhenkce owomileyo) eluswini ixesha elide.
Uyiphatha njani into yokutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu?
Ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu utsha ngolu hlobo, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele . Musa ukuhlala ekhaya nje uzenze ngathi awunantlungu. Esibhedlele, oogqirha baza kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukucoca indawo etshileyo: Ugqirha uza kususa ngononophelo ulusu olufileyo, izicwili, kunye nezinye izinto ezimdaka kwindawo etshileyo aze azicoce. Akufuneki ususe nantoni na ekhaya okanye uzame ukuqhumisa amadyungudyungu.
2. Ukuvala ukutsha: Emva kokucoca, faka i-antibiotic ointment uze uvale ukutsha ngebhandishi ecocekileyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela usulelo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela indlela yokutshintsha le bhandishi imihla ngemihla.
3. Ii-antibiotics: Ii-antibiotics zinganikwa ukuthintela usulelo okanye ukunyanga usulelo olukhoyo. Ukuba ukutsha kukhulu, la mayeza anganikwa ngemithambo yegazi ngesisombululo setyuwa.
4. Gcwalisa ulwelo lomzimba: Ukutsha okukhulu kunokubangela ukuba kulahleke ulwelo oluninzi oluxabisekileyo lomzimba kunye negazi. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuthukeni nasekufeni. Ke ngoko, kunikwa ityuwa ukuze kuzalise ulwelo olulahlekileyo.
5. Izibulali-ntlungu: Nokuba awuziva ntlungu xa utsha, usenokuba buhlungu njengoko inxeba liphola. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okudambisa iintlungu afunekayo.
6. Ukufakelwa Kolusu: Ukuba ukutsha kukhulu kakhulu, ukufakelwa kolusu kunokufuneka ukunceda inxeba liphole ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuquka ukuthatha umaleko omncinci wolusu kwindawo ephilileyo yomzimba uze uwuncamathisele kwindawo etshileyo.
Ngaba oku kutsha kuya kushiya isilonda?
Ewe, ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu kunokwenzeka ukuba kushiye isilonda . Kodwa ukuba ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kwaye unyamekela inxeba, ungaligcina lincinci kangangoko. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, la manxeba anokuphela.
Ungazithintela njani ezi ngxaki zokutsha zinzima kangaka?
Bathi, “Ukhuseleko lolona yeza lilungileyo.” Iingozi ezininzi zokutsha zinokuthintelwa.
- Gcina izinto ezinje ngamanzi ashushu, ii-ayini, kunye neentambo zombane kude nabantwana.
- Gcina ubushushu bezixhobo zokufudumeza amanzi bukwimida.
- Jonga ubushushu ngaphambi kokuba unike abantwana ukutya okanye iziselo.
- Lumka kakhulu xa usondela kumadangatye avulekileyo (izitovu, iindawo zomlilo).
- Qiniseka ukuba unxibe iiglavu zokuzikhusela xa usebenzisa iikhemikhali.
- Sebenzisa isithambisi selanga ukuze uzikhusele elangeni xa uphuma elangeni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu yingxaki enkulu yezonyango .
- Inyaniso yokuba awuziva iintlungu kwindawo yokutsha akuthethi ukuba umonakalo mncinane, kuthetha ukuba imithambo-luvo yonakele.
- Ungaze uzame ukunyanga ukutsha okunje ekhaya . Yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Musa ukufaka nantoni na efana ne-toothpaste, i-ice, okanye ibhotolo kwindawo etshileyo. Gquma indawo etshileyo kancinci ngelaphu elicocekileyo nelomileyo uze uye esibhedlele.
- Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba utshile kangakanani, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha .
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Iipilisi zeDronedarone (Dronedarone / Multaq) ziyindlela enamandla kakhulu yonyango esetyenziselwa isifo esinjani?
Le ayisiyopilisi eqhelekileyo yesifo sentliziyo! Liyeza elinamandla nelitsha leklasi yesi-3 lokulwa nokubetha kwentliziyo (elifana ne-amiodarone, kodwa lingenayo i-iodine) elisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukulungisa isigqi sentliziyo yesigulana, imeko apho amagumbi aphezulu entliziyo abetha ngequbuliso ngendlela engaqhelekanga/ngokukhawulezileyo (i-Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter) kwaye anciphise umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele kwixesha elizayo.
💬 Xa intliziyo ibetha kakhulu, le pilisi (iDronedarone) ingenza njani ukuba intliziyo ihlale ilungelelene?
Le yi-wide-spectrum blocker evala yonke isango entliziyweni! Xa ifika entliziyweni, ivala 'iisango zePotassium (ezinqamla ukuseta kwakhona kweseli ixesha elide), 'iisango zeSodium' ezitshajayo, 'iisango zeCalcium' eziqhinayo, kunye nomyalezo 'weAdrenaline / Beta-blockade' ovela kwingqondo oxelela intliziyo ukuba ibethe ngokukhawuleza. Emva koko, nokuba intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kangakanani na, iyacotha kwaye ibuyele esiqhelweni.
💬 Zeziphi 'iingozi ezibulalayo' (Isilumkiso seBlack Box) ekufuneka abantu abasebenzisa eli yeza (iMultaq) baziqaphele?
Iingozi zimbi kakhulu! Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo esinamandla okumpompa aphantsi/Ukusilela kwentliziyo, akufanele usele oku, kuba kunokubangela ukuminyana kwentliziyo ngequbuliso nokufa (Umngcipheko wokufa uphindwe kabini)! Kwakhona, izibindi zabanye abantu ziya kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo (iHepatotoxicity), kwaye ukuba isibindi esitsha asifakelwanga kwenye indawo, isigulana siya kufa.
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