Kukho indawo apho ukhwaza khona uthi 'Owu nkosi yam' xa ubetheka unyawo lwakho etafileni yekofu okanye esitulweni, akunjalo? Elo thambo liqinileyo esilibiza ngokuba yi-'shin' libizwa ngokuba yi-tibia kwisayensi yezonyango. Eli lithambo elibaluleke kakhulu, elinamandla kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Eli thambo linegalelo elikhulu kuyo yonke into esiyenzayo, nokuba sima, sihamba, sibaleka, okanye sitsiba. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngethambo lethu leshin ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iTibia?
I-tibia lithambo elisemilenzeni yakho. Lithambo lesibini elide emzimbeni wethu. (Ithambo elide lithambo lethanga, okanye i-'Femur'). I-tibia ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxhaseni ubunzima bomzimba wethu xa sima kwaye sihamba. Ikwalithambo elixhasa izihlunu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, imisipha, imithambo-luvo, kunye nemisipha emilenzeni yethu.
Inamandla kangangokuba idla ngokufuna umonakalo omkhulu, njengengozi enkulu, ukuwa kwindawo ephakamileyo, okanye ingozi yemoto, ukuze yaphuke. Ukuba ithambo laphukile (laphukile), kufuneka utyando ukuze lilungiswe kwaye unyango lomzimba lubuyisele amandla.
Ziziphi iinkonzo eziphambili ezinikezelwa yithambo le-tibia emizimbeni yethu?
Ithambo le-tibia lenza imisebenzi emininzi ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu.
- Ukuxhaswa kobunzima bomzimba: Eli thambo linceda ekuxhaseni ubunzima bomzimba wethu wonke xa sima kwaye sihamba.
- Ukugcina umzimba uzinzile: Oku kunceda ukugcina imizimba yethu izinzile kwaye izinzile njengoko sishukuma, sihamba, kwaye sibaleka.
- Ukulungelelanisa: Izihlunu, imisipha, kunye nemisipha emadolweni nasemaqatheni ethu zisebenza njengebhulorho ezidibanisa nomzimba wonke.
I-Tibia vs. I-Fibula - Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini?
Kukho amathambo amabini aphambili emlenzeni wethu ongezantsi, ngaphantsi kwedolo. La ngamathambo e-tibia kunye ne-fibula. Abantu abaninzi bayawabhidanisa la mathambo mabini.
I-tibia yeyona nkulu, inamandla kumathambo amabini. Ikwicala langaphakathi lomlenze. I-fibula lithambo elincinci, elincinci kune-tibia. Ikwicala langaphandle lomlenze. Umahluko ophambili kukuba i-tibia yileyo ithwala ubunzima bomzimba wethu. I-fibula ikakhulu inika inkxaso yesakhiwo somlenze.
| I-Factor | I-Tibia | I-Fibula |
|---|---|---|
| Indawo | Ithambo elikhulu kwicala eliphakathi lomlenze ongezantsi. | Ithambo elincinci kwicala elingaphandle (elisecaleni) lomlenze ongezantsi. |
| Ubungakanani | Inde kwaye ityebile kunethambo le-fibula. | Incinci kwaye imfutshane kunethambo le-tibia. |
| Umsebenzi ophambili | Ukuthwala ubunzima ngumsebenzi ophambili womzimba. | Eyona nto iphambili kukubonelela ngenkxaso yesakhiwo kunye nokuzinzisa iqatha. |
Inkangeleko yethambo le-tibia kunye namalungu alo
Nangona i-tibia lithambo eliqhubekayo, lineendawo ezintathu eziphambili. Nangona la magama engabalulekanga kubomi bemihla ngemihla, anokukunceda uqonde ukuba oogqirha bathetha ngantoni ukuba wakha waphuka ithambo.
1. Uhlangothi olukufutshane: Le yinxalenye eyenza idolo. Ithe tyaba kancinci, njengeshelufu.
2. Umgodi: Le yeyona ndawo inde kakhulu kwithambo. Yile ndawo enika ukhakhayi lwethu imo yalo.
3. Uhlangothi olukude: Le yinxalenye eyenza iqatha.
Kukho amanye amagama asetyenziswa ngoogqirha kwezi ndawo. Umzekelo, ukuba uphuke ithambo lakho, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa amagama anje nge-'Medial malleolus', 'Anterior border' ukukuxelela ngqo apho liphuke khona.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko ezichaphazela ithambo le-tibia
Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zempilo ezinokuchaphazela amathambo ethu, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi meko.
| Imeko yezonyango | Inkcazo kunye neempawu |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhekeka kweTibia | Oku kwenzeka kwingozi enkulu. Iimpawu zezi:
|
| I-Osteoporosis | Oku kubangela ukuba amathambo abe buthathaka aze aphuke lula nokuba kuthe kwabakho impembelelo encinci. Abantu abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba banesifo emva kokuba bephuke ithambo. Akukho zimpawu zicacileyo ekuqaleni. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubafazi nakubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuhlolwa kwamathambo. |
| Isifo se-Osgood-Schlatter | Oku kudla ngokubonakala kubantwana abasakhulayo nakubantu abadala abancinci. Uphawu oluphambili ziintlungu kwinxalenye ephezulu yedolo, ngaphantsi nje kwedolo. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi "jumper's knee." Iimpawu:
|
| Isifo sikaPaget seThambo | Esi sisifo samathambo esingapheliyo. Okwenzekayo kukuba amathambo aqhekeka aze akhule kwakhona ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Oku kunokubangela ukuba amathambo abe buthathaka kwaye agule. Oku kudla ngokuchaphazela abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Iimpawu:
|
Ungayijonga njani impilo yethambo le-tibia?
Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga impilo ye-tibia yakho okanye amanye amathambo.
Uvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziswa ukuxilonga iimeko ezifana ne-osteoporosis luvavanyo lokuxinana kwamathambo. Olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'DEXA` okanye 'i-'DXA scan', olu vavanyo lusebenzisa ii-X-ray ezisezantsi ukulinganisa ukuba amathambo akho aqine kangakanani.
Ukuba ukhe waba sengozini kwaye ukrokrela ukuba waphukile, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo:
- Ii-X-reyi: Uvavanyo olusisiseko lokujonga ukuba kukho ukwaphuka, ukuba kunjalo, apho kukhoyo, kwaye luhlobo luni lokuqhekeka.
- I-MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Oku kunceda ukubona ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezijikeleze ithambo, ezifana nezihlunu, imisipha, kunye nemisipha.
- I-CT scan: Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumana umbono ocacileyo, onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) wokwaphuka.
Ugcina njani ithambo lakho le-tibia liphilile?
Ukutya okunempilo, umthambo, kunye nonyango oluqhelekileyo kunokunceda ukugcina amathambo akho kunye nomzimba wakho uphela usempilweni. Zilumkele ezi zinto ukuze uzikhusele kwiingozi.
- Nxiba iibhanti zesihlalo: Nxiba ibhanti yesihlalo rhoqo xa uhamba ngemoto.
- Sebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko: Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo (umz. isigcina-ntloko, ii-knee pads) xa udlala imidlalo okanye usenza nawuphi na umsebenzi onobungozi.
- Khusela okusingqongileyo: Susa kwaye ucoce naziphi na izinto ezinokubangela ukuba utyibilike uze uwe, kunye nezinto ezingabalulekanga, ekhaya nasemsebenzini.
- Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo: Musa ukukhwela ezitulweni okanye etafileni ukuze ufikelele kwinto engaphezulu. Sebenzisa ileli okanye esinye isixhobo esifanelekileyo kuloo nto.
- Indlela yokuphila eqinisa amathambo: Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D. Zibandakanye kwimithambo yokuqinisa amathambo, efana nokuzilolonga ukuthwala ubunzima. Buza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku.
- Sebenzisa isixhobo sokuncedisa ukuba kuyimfuneko: Ukuba unengxaki yokuhamba okanye usemngciphekweni wokuwa rhoqo, ungabi namahloni okusebenzisa isixhobo sokuncedisa esifana nomsimelelo/i-walker.
Sihlala sicinga ngethambo lethu lesifuba kuphela xa silimele, kodwa ithambo le-tibia lenza umsebenzi omhle ngalo lonke ixesha sima okanye sihamba. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho we-osteoporosis. Khumbula, yonke into oyenzayo ukugcina impilo yakho iyonke ikwanceda ekuqiniseni amathambo akho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-tibia lithambo eliphambili nelinamandla emathanjeni akho elithwala ubunzima bomzimba wakho.
- Eli lithambo eliqinileyo kakhulu, ngoko ke lidla ngokuqhekeka kuphela xa kukho ingozi enkulu, njengengozi yemoto.
- Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha zomlenze, ukudumba, ukukhubazeka, okanye ukungakwazi ukuhamba emva kwengozi, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kunye nabo banembali ye-osteoporosis kusapho lwabo bafanele bakhathazeke kakhulu. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
- Ukutya okunempilo, umthambo rhoqo, kunye nendlela yokuphila ekhuselekileyo kunokugcina onke amathambo akho, kuquka ne-tibia yakho, enamandla kwaye esempilweni.
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