Xa uthetha ngonyango lomhlaza, usenokuba ukhe weva ngonyango lwemitha, okanye imitha. Kodwa xa usiva "imitha emzimbeni wonke," usenokuziva usoyika kancinci. Kodwa olu lunyango olubaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka lwenziwe ngamanye amaxesha. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni i-Total Body Irradiation (TBI), kutheni yenziwa, kwaye isebenza njani.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Total Body Irradiation (TBI)?
I-Total Body Irradiation (TBI) luhlobo lonyango lwe-radiation. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo nonyango lwe-radiation oluqhelekileyo, i-radiation ayijoliswanga kwindawo enye yomzimba. Endaweni yoko , idosi encinci kakhulu ye-radiation ithunyelwa emzimbeni wakho wonke .
Cinga ngale ndlela: unyango oluqhelekileyo lwemitha lufana nokukhanyisa itotshi kwindawo enye. Kodwa i-TBI ifana nokukhanyisa isibane kwigumbi lonke, okwenza ukuba ukukhanya okuncinci kuwele yonke indawo. Umthamo wemitha osetyenziswa apha uphantsi kakhulu kunonyango lwendawo enye.
Kutheni le nto kwenziwa olu nyango? Iyintoni injongo yalo?
Unyango lwe-TBI lwenziwa ikakhulu ukuze kulungiselelwe ukufakelwa umongo wethambo okanye ukufakelwa i-stem cell. Kukho izizathu ezintathu eziphambili zokuba ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu nyango.
- Tshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza: Oku kunceda ekutshabalaliseni ngokupheleleyo iiseli zomhlaza ezifihliweyo kumongo wakho wethambo, kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, okanye kwiindawo apho ezinye iindlela zonyango zingenakufikeleleka lula.
- Yenza indawo yomongo wamathambo: Olu nyango lunceda ekwenzeni indawo emzimbeni womongo wamathambo osandul’ ukufakelwa utyando kwaye lunciphise ukusebenza komongo wamathambo omdala.
- Lawula amasosha omzimba wakho: Oku kunceda ukuba amasosha omzimba wakho angawuboni umongo wethambo osandul’ ukufakelwa kwenye indawo “njengowasemzini” aze awugatye, ngaloo ndlela enze ukuba ukufakelwa kwethambo kube yimpumelelo enkulu.
Zeziphi iimeko ezinyangwa ngeTBI?
Unyango lweTBI alusoloko lwenziwa lodwa. Ludla ngokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza, ezifana ne-chemotherapy. Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa olu nyango.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Leukemia | Umhlaza owenzeka egazini nakwithambo. |
| I-Lymphoma | Umhlaza owenzeka kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic. |
| I-Multiple Myeloma | Umhlaza ochaphazela iiseli zeplasma kumongo wethambo. |
| Isifo seMyelodysplastic | Imeko apho ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi ezisempilweni ngumongo wethambo kuphazamiseka. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi konyango? (Ukulinganisa)
Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane unyango lwakho lwe-TBI, uya kuba ne-aphoyintimenti ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"simulation." Oku kufana nokuthatha imilinganiselo ngaphambi kokuba uthungelwe isuti. Kufana neseshoni yokuziqhelanisa ngaphambi kokuba ufumane unyango. Injongo ephambili yoku kukucwangcisa indawo efanelekileyo oza kuba kuyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wakho ufumana idosi efanelekileyo yemitha, ngendlela eyiyo .
Kolu vavanyo:
- Uza kubekwa etafileni ekhethekileyo kwaye kuya kwenziwa i-CT scan ukuze kubonwe indawo eza kunyangwa kuyo.
- Ingcali ye-radiation iza kuthatha imilinganiselo eliqela yomzimba wakho.
- Emva kokugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indawo efanelekileyo emzimbeni wakho, baya kwenza amabala amancinci kakhulu eluswini lwakho. Baza kuthatha nemifanekiso. Oku kuya kukunceda uhlale kwindawo efanayo ngomhla wonyango. La mabala asenokuba ahlala ehleli, kodwa mancinci kakhulu.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokufumana unyango lweTBI. Nantsi into eyenzekayo ngexesha lonyango:
- Ingcali ye-radiation therapist iza kukubeka kwindawo efanayo naleyo ubukuyo kwi-simulation ebicwangcisiwe ngaphambili.
- Ukuze kuncitshiswe umthamo wemitha kwizitho ezithile zomzimba, ezifana nemiphunga yakho, iiphaneli ezikhethekileyo okanye izikhuselo zingabekwa phezu kwezo zitho zomzimba.
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba imitha isasazwa ngokulinganayo emzimbeni wakho wonke, ungabeka into efana nesikrini esikhulu phambi kwakho.
- Emva koko ingcali yezonyango iyaphuma egumbini. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Ungathetha nabo nge-intercom. Bakujongile bengaphandle.
- Umatshini omkhulu obizwa ngokuba yi-"linear accelerator" uhamba ujikeleze wena, ukhupha imitha ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lonyango. Awuyi kuva imisebe yemitha, kwaye nomatshini awuzukukubetha emzimbeni wakho.
Iseshoni eqhelekileyo ingathabatha imizuzu engama-60. Iseshoni yakho yokuqala ingathabatha ixesha elide kuba ingcali yezonyango iza kuthatha ezinye ii-X-ray ukuqinisekisa ukuba indlela ome ngayo ichanekile ngokupheleleyo. Ungavunyelwa nokwenza izinto ezifana nokumamela umculo ngeli xesha.
Kuza kufuneka ndithathe olu nyango ixesha elingakanani?
Uninzi lwabantu lufumana unyango lweTBI kabini okanye kathathu ngemini kangangeentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kuchaza ukuba zingaphi iiseshoni zonyango oza kuzidinga ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango.
Zithini iingozi kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zoku?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, unyango lweTBI lunokuba nemiphumo emibi. Ezi miphumo emibi zingahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokuzichaphazela:
- Inani leeseshoni zonyango oza kuzifumana.
- Idosi yemitha enikiweyo.
- Impilo yakho iyonke.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: zexesha elifutshane nezexesha elide.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane
Ezi zifo zihlala zibonakala emva kweentsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango kwaye ziyanyamalala ngokuhamba kwexesha.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zexesha elifutshane | |
|---|---|
| Urhudo | Ukudinwa |
| Ukulahleka kweenwele | Intloko ebuhlungu |
| Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza | Utshintsho lolusu (ukurhawuzelela, ukutshintsha kombala) |
| Iingozi ezibangelwa kukubala okuphantsi kweeseli zegazi | |
| Ukopha (iimpumlo, ukopha iintsini - i-epistaxis) | Umngcipheko okhulayo wosulelo |
| I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron | |
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide
Ezi aziqhelekanga kakhulu, zinokuvela emva kwexesha elide emva konyango, kwaye zinokuhlala ixesha elide.
- IiCataracts: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeliso.
- Ukungazali: Ukuchaphazela amandla okuba nabantwana.
- I-Pulmonary fibrosis: Ukuvaleka kwezicubu zemiphunga, okubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- I-Hypothyroidism: Ukuncipha kwemveliso yehomoni ye-thyroid, elawula imetabolism yomzimba.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba nohlobo lwesibini lomhlaza emva kokufakelwa umongo wethambo. Nangona kunjalo, lo mngcipheko mncinci kakhulu xa uthelekiswa neengozi zempilo zokungafakelwa utyando. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto ngokukhululekileyo.
Ungazinyamekela njani emva konyango?
Ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokunceda kakhulu ekwenzeni eli xesha lonyango libe lula. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:
- Ukuba uziva unesicaphucaphu, ungathandabuzi ukucela amayeza .
- Lumka ulusu lwakho. Landela imiyalelo yokhathalelo lolusu kagqirha wakho. Faka i-moisturizer rhoqo.
- Ukuba unako, joyina iqela lenkxaso elinabantu abaye baba namava afanayo.
- Yabelana ngeengcinga zakho kunye neemvakalelo zakho malunga nolu nyango nomntu omthembayo (ingcali yezonyango, ilungu losapho, umhlobo).
- Zama ukulala kakuhle ubuncinane iiyure ezisibhozo ubusuku ngabunye.
- Emva kokuphuma esibhedlele, ukuba kunokwenzeka , thatha ikhefu emsebenzini uze uphumle kakuhle.
Kufuneka uthethe nini nogqirha?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo ngexesha okanye emva konyango, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukugodola
- Ifiva
- Utshintsho lolusu (umz., ukudumba, ukuxobuka kolusu)
Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa usiva amagama athi "i-total body radiation" kwaye ngubani ongasoyikiyo? Kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho we-radiation oncologist malunga nemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. I-TBI isebenzisa iidosi eziphantsi kakhulu ze-radiation kunezinye iindlela zonyango ze-radiation. Itekhnoloji entsha ikwanciphise kakhulu ubungakanani be-radiation esetyenziselwa ukunyanga izicwili ezisempilweni. Ingabulala iiseli zomhlaza ezinganyangekiyo kwezinye iindlela zonyango. Ikwanyusa kakhulu amathuba okuba utyando lwe-bone marrow luphumelele ngaphandle kokulahlwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Total Body Irradiation (TBI) lunyango olunika idosi encinci yemitha emzimbeni wakho wonke ukulungiselela ukufakelwa umongo wethambo.
- Awuyi kuva ntlungu kule nto.
- Iinjongo eziphambili kukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo, ukuvula indawo yomongo omtsha wethambo, kunye nokuthintela ukwaliwa kokufakelwa isidoda.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane ezifana nokulahlekelwa ziinwele, ukudinwa, kunye nokucaphuka zinokwenzeka. Ezi zinokulawulwa.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo neqela lakho lezonyango malunga nemibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.
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