Sicinga kangakanani ngempilo-ntle yemizimba yethu? Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, mhlawumbi nangaphezulu, kukuphila-ntle kweengqondo zethu, oko kukuthi, impilo-ntle yengqondo. Ngamanye amaxesha iingqondo zethu zinokuziva zithwele umthwalo, zikhathazekile, kwaye zilusizi. Usenokucinga, "Andinakuxelela mntu ezi zinto," "Akukho mntu uya kuqonda." Kodwa ngamaxesha anjalo, kukho ingcali enokukuphulaphula, ikuqonde, kwaye ikuncede. Loo gqirha yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yingcali yezifo zengqondo .
'Ingcali yezengqondo', 'Ingcali yezengqondo', 'Ingcali yezonyango'... Ngoobani aba bantu? Yintoni umahluko?
Abantu abaninzi bayadideka xa besiva la magama mathathu. Kuqhelekile ukuzibuza, "Ngaba onke enza into efanayo? Ngubani endifanele ndimbone ukuba ndinengxaki?" Masihlalutye umahluko ophambili phakathi kwala magama mathathu ngendlela elula kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi kakuhle oku.
| Umntu | Iimfaneleko kunye neNdima |
|---|---|
| Ingcali yezengqondo | Lo ngugqirha okhethekileyo ofunde kwisikolo sezonyango, wafumana isidanga sezonyango (MBBS), waza wafunda isidanga sengcali kwi-psychiatry (MD kwi-Psychiatry).
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| Ingcali yezengqondo | Lo ngugqirha oqeqeshiweyo kakhulu, njengesidanga kwi-psychology kunye ne-PhD, kodwa akangogqirha. |
| Ingcali yonyango/umcebisi | Kukho iziqinisekiso zokwenza oku ezifana nesidanga seMasters okanye idiploma. |
Ngamafutshane, ukuba uziva ngathi ufuna amayeza empilo yakho yengqondo okanye ukuba unesifo esinzulu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wengqondo.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ubona ugqirha wengqondo?
Xa usiya kubona ugqirha wengqondo, uza kuqala athethe nawe ngobubele aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho zengqondo nezomzimba. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubusindwa kakhulu kwaye ulusizi okwethutyana, awunamdla wokwenza nantoni na, kwaye awulali kakuhle. Ungathetha ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha.
Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungenza izinto ezinje:
- Uvavanyo lomzimba: Jonga ukuba ezi mpawu zibangelwa sisifo esithile na.
- Uvavanyo olufana novavanyo lwegazi: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana namanqanaba aphantsi ehomoni ye-thyroid ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokudakumba. Ke ngoko, uvavanyo lunokunikwa ukuze kuthintelwe ezo zinto.
- Uvavanyo lwengqondo: Ubuza imibuzo ukuze aqonde ngakumbi iingcinga zakho, iimvakalelo zakho kunye neendlela zakho zokuziphatha.
Emva kokwenza konke oku, ugqirha uza kusebenzisa iindlela zokuxilonga ezamkelweyo kwihlabathi liphela (umz., iDSM-5) ukuze axilonge ngokuchanekileyo imeko yakho. Oku kungadinga utyelelo olungaphezulu kwesinye kugqirha.
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinyangwa ngoogqirha bengqondo
Iingcali zengqondo zinyanga izifo ezahlukeneyo zengqondo kunye neengxaki zokuziphatha. Ezinye zazo ziquka:
- Ukudakumba kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene noko
- Iingxaki zokuxhalaba
- Izifo zeBipolar kunye nezinye ezinxulumene nazo I-Schizophrenia spectrum kunye nezinye iingxaki zengqondo
- Iingcinga nezenzo ezingafunekiyo (Iingxaki zokuzibamba ngokugqithisileyo kunye nezinxulumene nazo - i-OCD)
- Izifo ezinxulumene noxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo (PTSD)
- Izifo ezinxulumene neziyobisi kunye nokulutha
- Iingxaki zokutya kunye nokutya
- Iingxaki zokulala
- Iingxaki zobuntu
Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezibonelelwayo?
Emva kokuba uxilongiwe, ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngesicwangciso sonyango esikufaneleyo. Oku kungabandakanya unyango olunye okanye ngaphezulu.
| Indlela yonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Amayeza | Zinceda ekulungiseni ukungalingani kwiikhemikhali (ii-neurotransmitters) engqondweni. Ezi ziquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza afana ne-'Antidepressants', 'Antipsychotics', kunye ne-'Mood stabilizers'. |
| Unyango lwengqondo | Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Talk Therapy." Kuthetha ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengxaki zakho, iingcinga zakho, kunye neemvakalelo zakho kunye nokufunda iindlela zokuzilawula. |
| Unyango lokuvuselela ubuchopho | Ezi ziindlela zonyango zanamhlanje nezikhuselekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu ezingenakunyangeka ngamayeza. Imizekelo ibandakanya unyango lwe-electroconvulsive (ECT), i-TMS, kunye ne-DBS. |
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha wengqondo?
Usenokuba ucinga, "Ndinengxaki encinci, ndifanele ndiye kugqirha ngenxa yoku?" Kodwa ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ubenempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo ixesha elide, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Usizi olude, ukuphelelwa lithemba, kunye nokungabi nanto.
- Ixhala elingalawulekiyo, uloyiko, kunye noloyiko.
- Iingcinga zokuzibulala . (Ukuba uneengcinga ezinjalo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngokukhawuleza okanye uxelele umntu omthembayo.)
- Ukuzilimaza ngokwasemzimbeni.
- Ukubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo (Imibono okanye ukukhohlisa).
- Ukungakwazi ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kotywala okanye iziyobisi.
- Ukuqumba rhoqo kunye nobunzima bokulawula iimvakalelo.
- Iingxaki ezinkulu zokulala (ukungakwazi ukulala kakuhle njengangaphambili okanye ukulala kakhulu).
- Ukuncipha kokugxila kwengqondo kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, umsebenzi, okanye umsebenzi wesikolo.
Ulungiselela njani idethi yokuqala?
Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo kancinci kwaye uloyiko xa uqala ukubona ugqirha wengqondo. Kodwa khumbula, ukho ukukunceda. Nantsi indlela ongazilungiselela ngayo.
1. Bhala phantsi into ofuna ukuthetha ngayo: Bhala ephepheni iingxaki ezikukhathazayo, iimpawu ozifumanayo, kunye nokuba zaqala nini. Ngale ndlela, awuyi kuyilibala nantoni na.
2. Uluhlu lwamayeza: Xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku (kuquka amayeza ezinye izifo, iivithamini, kunye namayeza esintu). Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yiza nawo.
3. Buza imibuzo: Musa ukoyika ukubuza imibuzo malunga nantoni na ofuna ukuyazi, malunga nonyango, kunye nemiphumo emibi yamayeza.
4. Malunga neendleko: Ukuba uya kwikliniki yezempilo yengqondo (Psychiatry Clinic) kwisibhedlele sikarhulumente, akukho ntlawulo ifunekayo. Kwicandelo labucala, kukho umrhumo ohlawuliswayo. Yazi loo nto kwangaphambili.
Khumbula, ukucela uncedo kwingxaki yempilo yengqondo akubonisi ubuthathaka. Sisigqibo esiqinileyo esenziwe ngumntu ozikhathaleleyo nozithandayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali yezengqondo ngugqirha ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwimpilo yengqondo yethu.
- Ngugqirha wengqondo kuphela onokukunika amayeza engxaki yakho yengqondo. Iingcali zengqondo okanye abacebisi abanakukunika amayeza.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uxinezelekile ngokweemvakalelo, akukabi lixesha lokucela uncedo. Asikobuthathaka, ngamandla.
- Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uthethe nabani, qala ubonane nogqirha wosapho lwakho. Uza kukuthumela kumntu ofanelekileyo.
- Ezi nkonzo zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki zempilo yengqondo kwizibhedlele zikarhulumente.
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