Usenokoyika kancinci xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba unengxaki yevalvu entliziyweni yakho kwaye kufuneka itshintshwe. Usenokungabaza, "Owu, ngaba olu lutyando olukhulu oluza kuvula isifuba sakho?" Liyinyaniso elokuba olu tyando lunzima kwaye luthatha ixesha elide ukuphola. Kodwa namhlanje siza kuthetha ngetekhnoloji yanamhlanje ekuvumela ukuba utshintshe ivalvu yentliziyo ngaphandle kotyando olukhulu kangaka, kodwa kuphela ngomsikelo omncinci kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-TAVR.
Yintoni i-TAVR? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
Intsingiselo epheleleyo ye-TAVR yiTranscatheter Aortic Valve Replacement . Ngamanye amaxesha ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation). Ezi zizinto ezifanayo.
Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukutshintsha ivalvu ephambili entliziyweni yakho, ivalvu ye-aorta, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba sakho.
Cinga ngentliziyo yakho njengempompo yamanzi endlwini. Kanye njengokuba le mpompo ithumela amanzi endlwini yonke, intliziyo ipompa igazi elicocekileyo, elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Isango eliphambili eliphuma ngalo eli gazi entliziyweni yivalvu ye-aorta . Oku kufana nocango oluvula indlela enye kuphela. Luvuleka xa igazi liphuma, kwaye luvale xa lizama ukubuya. Lo ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu.
Luhlobo luni lwemeko yezonyango olufuna utyando lwe-TAVR?
Isizathu esiphambili sokwenza i-TAVR yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -Aortic Stenosis . Oko kuthetha ukuba ivalvu ye-Aortic esithethe ngayo ivaliwe okanye inciphile . Kufana nokuba iingcango ezimbini azivuli kakuhle, kodwa zivula kancinci kuphela.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba ivalvu inamathele ngolu hlobo:
- Ukwaluphala: Njengoko ukhula, udlula kwiminyaka engama-70, ivalvu inokuba nkulu kwaye ingasebenzi kakuhle ngenxa ye-calcium deposits. Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Kwabanye abantu, le valve inokuba buthathaka ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yeemeko ezifana nesifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso (umz., iBicuspid Aortic Valve) okanye isifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yirheumatic esikhula ebuntwaneni.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ivalvu ivalekile ngolu hlobo? Intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kakhulu ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Kufana nokubeka umthwalo owongezelelweyo kwinjini ukuze kupompelwe amanzi ngepayipi evalekileyo. Xa oku kusenzeka ixesha elide, izihlunu zentliziyo ziyabuthathaka, ekugqibeleni zikhokelele ekusileleni kwentliziyo.
Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-TAVR?
Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze i-TAVR, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi kwangaphambili ukuze ahlole ngokuchanekileyo imeko yentliziyo yakho aze afumane umbono weengxaki ezinokubakho ngexesha lotyando.
Ngokusekelwe kwezi ziphumo zovavanyo, ugqirha uya kwenza isigqibo sokugqibela sokuba ngaba utyando lwe-TAVR okanye oluvulekileyo esifubeni lukulungele na.
| Igama lovavanyo | Ngamafutshane, wenza ntoni ngayo? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Izinto ezifana nempilo yomzimba ngokubanzi kunye nokusebenza kwezintso ziyajongwa. |
| I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo Scan) | Olu luvavanyo lwentliziyo. Bajonga indlela ezisebenza ngayo iivalvu kunye nokuba ziqine kangakanani. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo (isigqi) uyajongwa. |
| I-CT Scan okanye i-MRI Scan | Imifanekiso yentliziyo nemithambo yegazi enamacala amathathu (3D) ithathwa ukuze kulinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo ubukhulu beevalvu kunye nendawo yemithambo yegazi. |
| Ukucoca Intliziyo | Bajonga ezinye izithintelo kwimithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. |
Emva kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe ngotyando, i-anesthesia, aze aphendule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo. Uza kucelwa ukuba uyeke ukutya nokusela iiyure ezi-4-6 ngaphambi kotyando.
Lwenziwa njani utyando lwe-TAVR?
Ekubeni olu tyando lungelulo olokwandisa amabele, akufuneki ukuba ungabi nangqondo ngokupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, uya kunikwa iyeza elikwenza ulale kancinci (i-sedation). Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu.
Utyando lwenziwa inyathelo ngenyathelo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Ingcali yentliziyo engenelelayo yenza umngxuma omncinci kakhulu ethangeni lakho elingaphezulu (okanye mhlawumbi kwenye indawo entanyeni okanye esifubeni sakho).
2. Ityhubhu encinci kakhulu, eguquguqukayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter idluliselwa kwi-incision, idlula kumthambo wegazi omkhulu, ize iye entliziyweni.
3. Kungaphakathi kweli tyhubhu apho ivalvu entsha igotywa ibe yingcezu encinci ize ibekwe entliziyweni apho kukho ivalvu endala, evalekileyo.
4. Yakuba ifikile, ivalvu entsha iyandiswa. Emva koko iyatshayiswa. Ivalvu endala ayisuswa , ityhalelwa ecaleni yivalvu entsha.
5. Jonga ukuba ivalvu entsha isebenza kakuhle na kwaye akukho kuvuza kwegazi.
6. Ekugqibeleni, i-catheter iyakhutshwa, i-incision encinci ivalwe nge-stitch enye okanye ezimbini, kwaye kufakwa i-bandage.
Yonke le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha malunga neyure okanye ezimbini .
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi zotyando lwe-TAVR?
I-TAVR ineengenelo ezininzi ngaphezu kotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo lwendabuko.
Iingenelo eziphambili
- Akukho kusikwa okukhulu: Akukho mfuneko yokusika isifuba okanye ukususa iimbambo. Kukho ukusikwa okuncinci kakhulu.
- Ukuphola ngokukhawuleza: Ekubeni kungekho monakalo mkhulu, iintlungu azipheli, ubunzima obuncinci emzimbeni, kwaye ukuphola ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele: Kwiimeko ezininzi , ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olunye emva kotyando. Kusenokufuneka uhlale iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu.
- Ifanelekile kwizigulana ezisengozini enkulu: Le ndlela ilungile kakhulu kwabo bakhulileyo kakhulu, abanezinye izifo ezininzi, kwaye abangakwaziyo ukunyamezela utyando olukhulu.
Iimeko zomngcipheko
Njengakweminye inkqubo yezonyango, i-TAVR ineengozi ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yetekhnoloji yanamhlanje ephucukileyo, amathuba okuba ezi zinto zenzeke aphantsi kakhulu .
- Inkqubo yombane yentliziyo iyachaphazeleka, mhlawumbi ifuna ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker .
- Igazi elincinci liyavuza emacaleni evalvu entsha.
- Umngcipheko omncinci wesifo sohlangothi.
- Ukopha okanye usulelo kwindawo yokusikwa.
- Ukonakala kwezintso okanye kwimithambo yegazi.
Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngayo yonke le nto aze akuchazele ukuba isebenza kangakanani kwimeko yakho kunye neengozi zayo.
Ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo emva kotyando kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko
Emva kotyando, uza kugcinwa ebhedini iiyure ezimbalwa ukuze uphumle. Imithambo yegazi apho kwenziwe khona inxeba iya kubanjwa ukuze kumiswe ukopha. Uza kunikwa amayeza okuthintela usulelo kunye nokuthintela ukujiya kwegazi.
Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kuphephe ukuphakamisa okanye ukwenza imisebenzi enzima kangangeveki okanye ezimbini. Ungabuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo malunga neeveki ezimbini. Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-10 ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo.
Ukongeza, uza kuthunyelwa kwinkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo , efana nenkqubo ekhethekileyo yokuzilolonga emiselwe ngugqirha ukuze uqinise intliziyo yakho.
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza!
Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo emva kokubuyela ekhaya, qiniseka ukuba wazise ugqirha wakho.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Kusenokuba luphawu losulelo emzimbeni. |
| Utshintsho kwindawo yokusikwa | Ukwanda kwentlungu, ukopha, ukukrweleka, ukuba bomvu, okanye ukudumba. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Intlungu yesifuba entsha okanye engaqhelekanga. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla kancinci nokuba uziva udiniwe kancinci. |
| Isiyezi | Ukuziva unesizungu okanye utyhafile. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-TAVR yindlela yonyango ephucukileyo ethatha indawo yevalvu ye-aorta yentliziyo ngomngxuma omncinci, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba.
- Oku kubangela ukuba iintlungu zingabi ninzi, kukhawuleze ukuchacha, kwaye kunciphe kakhulu ixesha elichithwa esibhedlele.
- Esi sisisombululo esihle kakhulu, ingakumbi kwabo balupheleyo kwaye banezinye iingxaki zempilo kwaye abanakuthwala iingozi zotyando oluvulekileyo.
- I-TAVR isenokungalungelanga wonke umntu. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wentliziyo ukuze ubone ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha emva kotyando kunye nokuya kumadinga okulandela emva kweentsuku ezicwangcisiweyo kubalulekile ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza.
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