Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuvula umlomo wakho? Ngaba umhlathi wakho uvakala ngathi ubambekile? Makhe sithethe nge-trismus!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi izihlunu zakho zomhlathi ziqinile kwaye awukwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho kakuhle? Ngaba kubuhlungu kangangokuba awukwazi ukutya, ukuthetha, okanye ukuvula umlomo wakho? Okanye kuvakala ngathi umhlathi wakho uvalekile? Le yinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe. Esi simo saziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-trismus. Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Yintoni i-trismus? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Ngamafutshane, i-trismus yimeko apho izihlunu ezijikeleze imihlathi yethu, ingakumbi izihlunu ezijikeleze i-temporomandibular joint (TMJ), ziqina ngequbuliso, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuvula imilomo yethu. Cinga ngayo njenge-hinge yocango olunomhlwa olungenakuvulwa okanye luvalwe. Oku kuxinana kwezihlunu zemihlathi kwenza kube nzima ukuvula imilomo yethu.

Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu ophilileyo unokuvula umlomo wakhe ububanzi obufana neminwe emibini okanye emithathu (kuxhomekeke kububanzi) besandla sakhe. Oko kuphakathi kweemilimitha ezingama-40 nama-60 (mm). Nangona kunjalo, umntu one-trismus unokuvula umlomo wakhe phakathi kweemilimitha ezingama-20 nama-35, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphantsi. Khawucinge ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukwenza izinto ezifana nokutya, ukuthetha, kunye nokuxubha amazinyo akho. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi mpawu ziyaphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa, kodwa kwabanye abantu, zisenokuqhubeka. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokuba nemiphumo yengqondo, njengoko ixhala kunye nokudakumba kunokwenzeka xa ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-trismus?

Nangona le meko inokuchaphazela nabani na, kukho amaqela athile achaphazeleka lula yiyo.

• Abantu Abaselula: Le meko ixhaphakile, ingakumbi kubantu abaselula abaneminyaka ephakathi kwe-18 ne-25, emva kokususwa kwamazinyo abo obulumko ngotyando. Ubusazi? Inyaniso yokuba umlomo uvulwa ixesha elide ngexesha lotyando inokubangela uxinzelelo kwimisipha yomhlathi.
• Abantu abanomhlaza wentloko nentamo: Le yeyona nto ibangela i-trismus. Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwama-40% abafumana unyango lwe-radiation lomhlaza wentloko nentamo baba ne-trismus.
• Abantu abaneengxaki zejoyinti ye-temporomandibular (TMD): I-Trismus luphawu oluqhelekileyo kwizifo zejoyinti ye-temporomandibular, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-temporomandibular disorder (TMD).

Ngaba iTrismus kunye neTetanus ziyafana?

Ewe, le yinto abantu abaninzi abayididayo. Zombini ezi meko zibizwa ngokuba yi-trismus kunye ne-tetanus zinokuba neempawu ezifanayo, ezinje ngobunzima bokuvula umlomo kunye nentlungu. Yiyo loo nto abanye abantu bebiza i-trismus ngokuthi "lockjaw."

Kodwa umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbiniKaloku, i-trismus ibangelwa yinto echaphazela umhlathi wakho, izihlunu zakho zomhlathi. Oko kuthetha ukuba, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, unyango lomhlaza, ukukhutshwa kwamazinyo, ingxaki kwilungu lakho lomhlathi, njl. Kodwa i-tetanus lusulelo lwebhaktheriya olubizwa ngokuba yiClostridium tetani. Le bhaktheriya ivelisa ityhefu ebangela ukuba izihlunu ziqine. Ukongeza ekuqineni komhlathi, i-tetanus inokubangela ukuqaqamba kwezihlunu emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko ke ezi meko zimbini zahlukile ngokucacileyo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-trismus?

Ngoku mhlawumbi ucinga, "Andazi ukuba nam ndinayo le nto." Jonga ukuba unazo na ezi mpawu:

• Ukungakwazi ukuvula umlomo ngokuqhelekileyo: Olu lolona phawu luphambili nolucacileyo.
• Ukuqina kwemisipha yomhlathi: Imisipha emacala omabini omhlathi ingavakala ngathi icinezelwa okanye icinezelwa ngaphakathi.
• Intlungu yomhlathi: Umhlathi ubuhlungu nokuba umi nje, oko kukuthi, awuthethi okanye awutyi.
• Intlungu xa uhlafuna: Intlungu inganda xa uhlafuna, ingakumbi ukutya okuqinileyo.
• Intlungu xa uvula umlomo: Kunokuba nzima ukuvula umlomo kwaye kunokuvakala kubuhlungu nangona uzama ukuvula umlomo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kulungile ukuba ukhathazeke kancinci ngazo.

Zithini izizathu ze-trismus?

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela i-trismus. Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ezona zinto ziphambili ziingxaki zamalungu e-temporomandibular (TMD), unyango lomhlaza wentloko nentamo, okanye ukukhupha amazinyo obulumko. Ukongeza kwezi, makhe sijonge ezinye izizathu ezimbalwa:

• Iimeko zokudumba: Ukuba uneengxaki zokudumba kwamalungu ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis, i-osteoarthritis, okanye i-scleroderma, zinokuchaphazela ilungu lakho lomhlathi kwaye zibangele i-trismus.
• Iintsholongwane: Le meko inokubangelwa zizifo ezahlukeneyo.
• Iingqukuva
• I-tonsillitis
• Usulelo lwamazinyo, ingakumbi ithumba lamazinyo.
• Usulelo lwentamo okanye amathe (i-parotid gland).
• Ukonzakala: Ukuba ufumana ukubetha okuqatha emhlathini okanye ebusweni, okanye ukuba wenzakele kwingozi, izihlunu zakho zomhlathi zisenokonakala kwaye i-trismus isenokukhula.
• Ithumba elingaphantsi kwesisu (i-PTA): Ngamanye amaxesha, xa i-tonsillitis iba nzima, iipokotho ezizaliswe bububovu zenzeka zijikeleze ii-tonsil. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-PTA. I-Trismus inokwenzeka nakule meko.
• Ezinye izizathu: I-Trismus inokwenzeka njengesiphumo esingesihle samayeza athile nakwimeko ezingaqhelekanga zemithambo-luvo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-trismus?

Xa ubona ugqirha onezi mpawu, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Unexesha elingakanani unazo, ungawuvula kangakanani umlomo wakho, kwaye intlungu imbi kangakanani? Emva koko ugqirha uza kuhlola umhlathi wakho, intamo, kunye nejoyinti yakho ye-temporomandibular (TMJ).

Ngamanye amaxesha kunokufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuze kufunyaniswe unobangela ochanekileyo wale meko. Umzekelo:

• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan)
• Iskeni ye-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance - Iskeni ye-MRI)

Ezi scans zinokubona ngokucacileyo imeko yelungu lomhlathi, izihlunu, amathambo kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-trismus?

Xa benyanga i-trismus, oogqirha baqala ngokuzama ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko. Umzekelo, ukuba awukwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho ngenxa yezinyo eliphumileyo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyanga usulelo, okanye banokugqiba ekubeni basuse izinyo.

Ngelixa kunyangwa unobangela oyintloko, i-trismus ikwanyangwa ukunciphisa iimpawu zayo. Unyango oluphambili olusetyenziswa koku zezi:

• Iziphumzi zemisipha: La ngamayeza anikezelwa ngugqirha anceda ekuphumzeni izihlunu zemihlathi eziqinileyo neziqinileyo kwaye anciphise iintlungu.
• Unyango lomzimba: Olu lonyango olubaluleke kakhulu. Phantsi kwesikhokelo sengcali yonyango lomzimba, ungenza izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga ukolula izihlunu zomhlathi eziqinileyo kancinci kancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo koku. Ezi zivivinyo ziya kukunceda ukuba wonyuse kancinci kancinci ububanzi bokuvula umlomo wakho.
• Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu: Ungasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha okanye amanye amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho ukulawula iintlungu.

Kubalulekile: Ungaze uthathe naliphi na iyeza wedwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha. Oku kungayenza imeko ibe mandundu ngakumbi.

Ukuba ndine-trismus, ndingenza ntoni mna?

Ukongeza kunyango olunikezelwa ngugqirha wakho, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezilula onokuzenza ekhaya ukunciphisa oku kungcungcutheka.

• Nika umhlathi wakho ikhefu: Imikhwa efana nokuluma iinzipho zakho, ukuhlafuna iipeni kunye neepensele, kunye netshungama kunokukufaka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwimisipha yakho yomhlathi oqinileyo. Zama ukuhlala kude nale mikhwa okwethutyana.
• Kuphephe ukutya okuqinileyo nokunamathelayo: Endaweni yokutya okunzima ukukuhlafuna (umz. inyama, isonka esiqinileyo, ukutya iminqathe eluhlaza), yitya ukutya okuthambileyo nokumanzi. Iporridge, isuphu, irayisi ecoliweyo ene-gravy, iyogathi, kunye nejusi yeziqhamo zilungile ngeli xesha.
• Unyango lobushushu olufumileyo ekhaya:Nciphisa ilaphu elicocekileyo okanye itawuli encinci emanzini ashushu (ayishushu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingatshisa ulusu lwakho), yihluze kakuhle, uze uyibeke emhlathini nasentanyeni yakho malunga nemizuzu eli-15. Yenza oku izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini, malunga neyure. Olu bushushu bumanzi buya kunceda ekuphumzeni izihlunu, bunciphise ukuqina kunye nentlungu.
• Hlikihla umhlathi wakho ngobunono: Ukuhlikihla umhlathi wakho ngobunono ngentshukumo ezijikelezayo ngeminwe yakho kwiindawo ezingenabuhlungu kunokunceda ukukhulula izihlunu. Kodwa musa ukuyicinezela kakhulu indawo ebuhlungu.

Ndiza kuziva bhetele kungekudala kangakanani?

Oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwisizathu se-trismus kunye nempumelelo yonyango. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ingakumbi ukuba kubangelwa yimeko yexeshana efana nokukhutshwa kwamazinyo, iimpawu ziya kuphela ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kubangelwa yinto efana nonyango lomhlaza, kungathatha ixesha elide ukuphola. Unyango lomzimba olude lunokufuneka.

Ngaba i-trismus ingathintelwa?

Kwezinye iimeko, njengaxa kufuneka unyango lwemitha kumhlaza wentloko nentamo, kunzima ukuyiphelisa ngokupheleleyo ingozi ye-trismus. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha nabaphandi bahlala bezama ukufumana iindlela zokunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango olunjalo, olufana ne-trismus. Umzekelo, eminye imisebenzi yonyango lomzimba inokuqaliswa ngaphambi kokuba unyango lomhlaza luqale, nto leyo enokunciphisa umngcipheko we-trismus.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndine-trismus? Liza kuba njani ikamva?

Ingqikelelo yakho ixhomekeke kwisizathu se-trismus yakho. Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, abantu abafumana i-trismus emva konyango lomhlaza banokuba neempawu ezihlala ixesha elide. Basenokufuna nonyango lomzimba oluhlala ixesha elide.

Ekuqaleni, umhlathi oqinileyo kunye nokungakwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho kunokubonakala ngathi yingxaki encinci xa kuthelekiswa nesifo esinzima njengomhlaza. Kodwa ukuba asinyangwa, esi sifo sinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kumgangatho wobomi bakho. Xa ungakwazi ukutya kakuhle, umzimba wakho unokuba buthathaka kwaye ube nokungabikho kokutya okunempilo. Xa unengxaki yokuthetha nokunxibelelana nabanye, ungaziva uphoxekile, unesizungu, kwaye udandathekile.

Ngoko ke, ukuba unengxaki yokuvula umlomo okanye uneentlungu zomhlathi, ingakumbi ukuba unyangelwe umhlaza wentloko nentamo, okanye ukuba usandul’ ukukhupha izinyo, musa ukuzityeshela ezi mpawu. Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Angakunika unyango olufunekayo kunye neengcebiso zokukunceda woyise olu ngxunguphalo.

Ekugqibeleni, ekugqibeleni, khumbula oku !

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-trismus, esithethe ngayo namhlanje. Khumbula, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka emzimbeni wakho.

• Ukuba unengxaki yokuvula umlomo wakho okanye uneentlungu zomhlathi, musa ukulinda nje ukuba "kulungile."
• Qaphela ngakumbi ezi mpawu ukuba ukhe wanyangwa umhlaza wentloko okanye wentamo, okanye ukuba usandul’ ukwenziwa utyando lwamazinyo.
• Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane ingcebiso. Ngonyango olukhawulezileyo, uya kukwazi ukulawula le meko kwaye ugcine ubomi bakho busemgangathweni.

Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle!

I- Trismus, i-Trismus, ukukhiya umhlathi, ubunzima bokuvula umlomo, iintlungu zomhlathi, amazinyo obulumko, unyango lomhlaza, amalungu omhlathi