Ngaba nawe unesikhwehlela esiqhubeke kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini? Mhlawumbi uziva ungakhululekanga kwaye udiniwe ngaxeshanye? Sihlala silibala ngezinto ezinjalo, sicinga ukuba ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yinto efuna ingqalelo engakumbi. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo sephepha, okanye i-TB njengoko sonke sisazi, isifo esisabonakala kwilizwe lethu, kodwa sinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba sinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSifo sePhepha?
Isifo sephepha sisifo esibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya. Sibangelwa luhlobo lwebhaktiriya ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Mycobacterium tuberculosis' . Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu imiphunga yethu. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, le bhaktiriya inokusasazeka iye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, umzekelo, ukuya kumqolo, ebuchosheni nasezintso.
Kodwa nantsi into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi. Asinguye wonke umntu osulelekileyo yintsholongwane yeTB oya kugula. Abanye abantu banentsholongwane emizimbeni yabo kodwa ababonisi zimpawu, bamane nje "belele." Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yiTB efihlakeleyo . Kukho abantu abanayo ubomi babo bonke bengenazo iimpawu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka ngandlela thile, ezo ntsholongwane zingasebenziyo zinethuba "lokuvuka." Kulapho kuvela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-active TB . Kungexesha eli sebenzayo apho iimpawu zibonakala khona kwaye esi sifo sinokudluliselwa kwabanye.
Zithini iimpawu zeTB esebenzayo?
Ukuba uneTB efihlakeleyo, awuyi kuba nazimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, xa uneTB esebenzayo, unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhwehlela | Ukukhohlela okukhulu okuhlala ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini kwaye akuncedi ngamayeza aqhelekileyo. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Intlungu esifubeni xa uphefumla okanye ukhohlela. |
| Ukopha nge-mucus | Ukukhohlela i-mucus enegazi elincinci okanye i-mucus enombala wegazi. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya | Ukunciphisa umzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumdla ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
| Ukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka | Ukudinwa rhoqo kunye nokuziva ungenabomi. |
| Umkhuhlane kunye nokubila ebusuku | Ukuba nomkhuhlane nokuvuka ubila kakhulu, ingakumbi ebusuku. |
Isifo Sephepha Esingaphandle Kwemiphunga
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, iintsholongwane zeTB azipheleli nje emiphungeni. Zingahamba ziye nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezithile kuloo malungu omzimba.
- Ukuba ingqondo ichaphazelekile: I-Meningitis inokubangela usulelo lwee-membrane ezigqume ubuchopho.
- Ukuba umqolo uchaphazelekile: Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Pott's disease" inokwenzeka, ebangela iintlungu zomqolo kunye ne-sciatica.
- Ukuba ii-lymph nodes zichaphazelekile: Ukudumba kwee-lymph nodes kwiindawo ezifana nentamo.
Isifo sephepha sidluliselwa njani ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?
Eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu. Isifo sephepha sisasazeka ngomoya. Xa umntu one -TB yemiphunga ekhohlela, ethimla, ethetha, ecula, okanye ehleka, iintsholongwane zikhutshwa emoyeni ngamathontsi amancinci. Ukuba umntu ophilileyo okufutshane uphefumla lo moya, iintsholongwane zinokungena emzimbeni wakhe.
Khawucinge ukuba umntu emsebenzini wakho ebenokukhwehlela kangangeenyanga. Akakunaki oko. Ukuba nisebenza kwigumbi elinye kunye yonke imihla, kukho umngcipheko wokusasaza esi sifo.
Kodwa khumbula, esi sifo sisasazeka kuphela kumntu one-TB yemiphunga esebenzayo. Esi sifo asisasazeka kumntu okwimeko ye-TB eleleyo (engabonakaliyo). Ngokufanayo, esi sifo asisasazeka rhoqo kumntu one-TB ngaphandle kwemiphunga (umz., izintso, amathambo).
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo sephepha?
Nangona nabani na enokuba nesifo sephepha, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo:
- Abantu abakhe bahlala okanye batyelela ilizwe apho isifo sephepha sixhaphake khona.
- Abantu abahlala okanye abasondelelene nomntu onesifo sephepha.
- Abantu abasebenza okanye abahlala kwiindawo ezixineneyo ezifana neenkampu zentolongo, iinkampu zababaleki, kunye neendawo zokuhlala abantu abalupheleyo.
- Abo basebenza kwicandelo lezempilo.
Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo esisebenzayo:
Aba bantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba nesifo esisebenzayo ukuba intsholongwane ingena emizimbeni yabo. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukungabikho komzimba obuthathaka.
- Abantu abosulelwe yi-HIV
- Abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala
- Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sezintso
- Abantu abafumana i-chemotherapy ngenxa yomhlaza
- Abantu abaye bafakelwa amalungu omzimba
- Abantu abafaka iziyobisi
- Abantu abanengxaki yokungondleki kakuhle
Ugqirha usiqinisekisa njani esi sifo?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sephepha, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha . Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, akuhlole, aze emva koko acele iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa isifo.
- Uvavanyo lwe-sputum: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Isampulu ye-sputum yakho iyathathwa ize ihlolwe nge-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba ikhona na intsholongwane ye-TB.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Oku kunokujonga naluphi na utshintsho kwimiphunga olubangelwa sisifo.
- Uvavanyo lolusu (uvavanyo lweMantoux): Isixa esincinci sesisombululo seproteni sifakwa phantsi kolusu kwaye loo ndawo ijongwa ukuba ayinakudumba na emva kweeyure ezingama-48-72.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Esi sifo sinokuchongwa nakwezinye iimvavanyo zegazi zanamhlanje.
Zithini iindlela zonyango lwesifo sephepha?
Nazi iindaba ezimnandi. Isifo sephepha sisifo esinyangekayo ngokupheleleyo. Sinyangwa ngokudibanisa amayeza athile okubulala iintsholongwane.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Kufuneka uthabathe olu nyango ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6 rhoqo . Ngamanye amaxesha kungathatha ixesha elide. Uza kuqala ukuziva ungcono kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba uqalile unyango. Ukukhohlela kwakho kunye nomkhuhlane kuya kuncipha. Kodwa ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza ngelo xesha!Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokusela amayeza ixesha lonke elichazwe ngugqirha. Ukuba awukwenzi oko, iintsholongwane ezisele emzimbeni zinokuba namandla, zikwazi ukumelana namayeza, kwaye isifo sinokuphinda sibuye.
Amanye amayeza aqhelekileyo anikwayo ngala:
- `Isoniazid`
- `I-Rifampin`
- `I-Ethambutol`
- `I-Pyrazinamide`
La mayeza angafumaneka simahla kwiikliniki zikarhulumente zesifuba.
Ungazikhusela njani kwisifo sephepha?
- Ugonyo lwe-BCG: Kwilizwe lethu, ugonyo lwe-BCG lunikwa umntwana kwangoko nje ukuba azelwe ukuze lumkhusele kwisifo sephepha. Oku kukhusela kwiimeko ezinzima zesifo sephepha (ingakumbi i-'TB Meningitis') ezinokubakho kubantwana abancinci.
- Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuzigcina ucocekile: Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo yakho ngethishu okanye ngengqiniba yakho xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla.
- Umoya opholileyo: Gcina umoya ujikeleza kakuhle emakhayeni nakwiindawo zokusebenza.
- Ukuba ungumntu ogulayo: Ukuba unesifo sephepha esisebenzayo, kuphephe ukusondelana nabanye abantu kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokuqala unyango. Funa ingcebiso kugqirha wakho.
- Ukutya okunesondlo: Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kunokunceda ukugcina amasosha omzimba ekwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
Ukuba unezi mpawu, okanye ukuba ukhe wadibana nomntu onesifo sephepha, musa ukoyika okanye ube neentloni ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Okukhona ufumanisa isifo ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqale unyango, kokukhona ungaphila ngokukhawuleza kwaye uthintele abanye ukuba bangaguli.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sephepha (TB) sisifo esibangelwa ziintsholongwane, kodwa sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo .
- Ukuba ukhwehlela ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini , qiniseka ukuba uyayiqwalasela kwaye ufumane iingcebiso zonyango.
- Xa unyanga isifo sephepha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokusela amayeza ixesha lonke elichazwe ngugqirha.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngesi sifo, ungaya kwiKliniki yeChest kwisibhedlele sikarhulumente esikufutshane.
- Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kunokukhusela wena kunye nosapho lwakho.
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