Ngaba nawe uziva udiniwe ngamaxesha onke, ungakwazi ukwenza nantoni na, kwaye uzive udiniwe nasemva kokuba wenze umsebenzi omncinci? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva unesizungu okanye amehlo akho eba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? “Kutheni uphaphathekile kangaka?” Omnye umntu usenokuba ukubuzile. Nokuba ucinga ukuba ezi zinto ziqhelekile, mhlawumbi ngasemva koku kukho ukungabikho kwegazi esilivileyo sonke, okanye ngokwezonyango, i-anemia . Ungakhathazeki, le yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula namhlanje.
Lithini eli gama livakala libanzi le-anemia?
Ngamafutshane, i-anemia yimeko apho inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini lakho liyehla. Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho inkonzo yokuhambisa ethwala ioksijini emzimbeni wakho wonke. Izithuthi zaloo nkonzo yokuhambisa zibizwa ngokuba ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi . Ibhokisi equlethe ioksijini ngaphakathi kwezi zithuthi ibizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin .
Ukuba une-anemia, oko kuthetha ukuba inani lezi zithuthi zithwala ioksijini (iiseli ezibomvu zegazi) liphantsi. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Izicubu kunye namalungu omzimba awafumani umlinganiselo ofunekayo weoksijini. Njengokuba indawo yokusebenza ingenakusebenza kakuhle ukuba izinto ezifunekayo azifiki ngexesha, xa kungekho oksijini yaneleyo, amalungu omzimba wethu awakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wawo ngokufanelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto iimpawu esithethe ngazo ngaphambili, ezinje ngokudinwa, ubuthathaka , kunye nesiyezi , zisenzeka.
I-anemia yimeko eqhelekileyo enxulumene negazi , kungekuphela nje eSri Lanka, kodwa nakwihlabathi liphela. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabo banezifo ezingapheliyo.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-anemia zinokudluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana ngokusebenzisa iijini. Abafazi nabo basengozini yokufumana i-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron ngenxa yokopha exesheni kunye nokunyuka kwemfuno yegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Abantu abadala basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-anemia ngenxa yesifo sezintso okanye ezinye izifo ezingapheliyo.
Zithini iimpawu ze-anemia?
Iimpawu ze-anemia azibonakali kangako kwizigaba zokuqala kangangokuba usenokungaziboni. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi liqhubeka lincipha, iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala.
| Uhlobo lwempawu | Inkcazo |
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| Iimpawu ngokubanzi |
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| Iimpawu ezenzeka xa imeko inzima |
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Ngaba i-anemia ingasongela ubomi?
Le yingxaki exhaphakileyo ebantwini abaninzi. Ukufa ngenxa ye-anemia kunqabile kakhulu . Kudla ngokudibana nenye imeko yezonyango enzulu. Umzekelo, i-anemia inokwenzeka ukuba unesifo esinzima semfuza esifana ne-sickle cell anemia, ukuba wopha kakhulu emva kwengozi enkulu, okanye ukuba unomhlaza. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-anemia ebangelwa kukungabikho kokutya okanye iivithamini inokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-anemia?
Nangona kukho iintlobo ze-anemia ezingaphezu kwama-400, zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili.
1. I-anemia ebangelwa kukopha kwegazi
Ukuba umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ligazi kancinci kancinci kangangexesha elide, usenokuba ne-anemia, nto leyo enokubangela ukuncipha kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Oku kungenzeka ungazi nokuba kwenzeka ntoni.
- Izifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya ezifana nezilonda zesisu, ii-hemorrhoids, kunye ne-gastritis.
- Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwee-painkillers (NSAIDs) ezifana ne-aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen kunokubangela izilonda zesisu kunye nokopha.
- Ukuya esikhathini okunzima kwabasetyhini.
- Emva kwengozi enkulu okanye utyando.
2. Ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi okunciphileyo okanye okuneziphene
Oku kwenzeka xa umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo, okanye kukho isiphene kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ozenzayo.
- I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. I-iron ibalulekile emzimbeni ukuze kwenziwe i-hemoglobin. Xa i-iron ingekho ngokwaneleyo, i-hemoglobin ayinakwenzeka, nto leyo ebangela i-anemia. Le meko ixhaphakile kwizidlo zemifuno, ukukhulelwa, oomama abancancisayo, kunye nabantwana abakhula ngokukhawuleza.
- I-anemia yokunqongophala kweevithamini: I-Vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate ziivithamini ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ekwenzeni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukunqongophala kwezi vithamini zimbini kunokukhokelela kwi-anemia.
- I-Thalassemia: Esi sisifo semfuza. Sibangelwa sisiphene kwimveliso yemolekyuli ye-hemoglobin. Esi sifo sikwabonakala naseSri Lanka.
- Iingxaki zomongo wethambo: Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziveliswa ziiseli ezisisiseko kumongo wethambo. Ukuba lo mongo wethambo wonakele (umz., ngumhlaza, unyango lwemitha, amayeza athile), ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunokuphazamiseka.
3. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi
Kwezinye iimeko, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi eziveliswayo zibuthathaka kakhulu. Ziyaphuka lula kwaye zitshatyalaliswe njengoko zihamba emzimbeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hemolytic anemia. Oku kunokubangelwa yinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ehlasela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ipleen ekhulisiweyo, ezinye izifo, kunye neemeko zemfuza.
Wazi njani ukuba une-anemia?
Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha . Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nembali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Emva koko, baya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olulula ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo na i-anemia.
- Ubalo lweGazi olupheleleyo (CBC/FBC): Olu lolona vavanyo lulula. Lunika umfanekiso opheleleyo wobalo lweeseli ezibomvu zegazi lakho, inqanaba le-hemoglobin, kunye nezinye iintlobo zeeseli egazini lakho.
- Ukuthambisa igazi: Oku kujonga ukuba imo kunye nobukhulu beeseli ezibomvu zegazi ziqhelekile na.
Emva kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-anemia onayo kunye nokuba yintoni unobangela.
Inyangwa njani i-anemia?
Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni loluphi uhlobo lwe-anemia onayo kunye nokuba yintoni unobangela.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, musa ukuthatha naluphi na unyango, ingakumbi izongezo zesinyithi, ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha . Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki zempilo.
- Ukuba ukunqongophala kwesinyithi kubangelwa:Ugqirha uza kukunika izongezo zesinyithi aze akucebise ukuba utye ukutya okutyebileyo ngesinyithi.
- Ukuba kungenxa yokunqongophala kweevithamini: Kuya kunikwa izongezo ezinevithamini B12 okanye i-folate.
- Ukuba kungenxa yokopha: Unobangela wokopha uya kufunyanwa (umz. isilonda esiswini) kwaye unyangwe.
- Kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana ne-thalassemia: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, utofelo-gazi okanye olunye unyango olukhethekileyo lunokufuneka.
Ngaba ikho indlela yokutya enokusinceda kule nto?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron kubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi kwi-anemia ebangelwa kukungabikho kwe-iron.
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I-anemia ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umthamo wegazi lomzimba uyanda malunga ne-20% - 30%. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka i-iron kunye neevithamini ezingaphezulu ekukhuleni komntwana kunye neemfuno zikamama. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, oomama abaninzi abakhulelweyo banokuba ne-anemia ethile, ingakumbi kwi-trimester yesibini neyesithathu.
Nangona i-anemia encinci ixhaphakile, i-anemia enzima inokuba yingozi kumama nakumntwana . I-anemia enzima inokukhokelela kwiingozi ezifana nokuzala ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nobunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha iipilisi ze-iron kunye ne-folic acid (iivithamini zangaphambi kokuzalwa) ezichazwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-anemia yimeko eqhelekileyo ezibonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nokudinwa rhoqo, ubuthathaka, kunye nesiyezi.
- Abafazi, abantwana abancinci, kunye noomama abakhulelweyo ngokukodwa kufuneka banikele ingqalelo engakumbi koku.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, ungazityesheli uze ubone ugqirha. Le meko inokuchongwa ngokulula ngovavanyo lwegazi olulula njenge-FBC.
- Iintlobo ezininzi ze-anemia, ingakumbi i-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi, zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngokutya okufanelekileyo kunye namayeza athathwa njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha.
- Ungaze uthathe iipilisi zesinyithi okanye ezinye iivithamini ngokubona kwakho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
I-Anemia, i-Anemia IsiSinhala, iHemoglobin, Ukudinwa rhoqo, ukunqongophala kwe-iron, ukunqongophala kwe-iron, i-Anemia ngexesha lokukhulelwa
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