Ngaba umntu omdala kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi umama, utata, okanye umakhulu, utatomkhulu, uhamba umgama omncinci aze ahlale phantsi okwethutyana, esithi, "Owu, imilenze yam iyabuhlungu, ndiziva ngathi ndiyaphambana"? Okanye ngaba unemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye emfusa emilenzeni yakho? Ezi zinto zinokubangelwa ziingxaki ezithile kwinkqubo yemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke kukho oogqirha abajonga ngqo izifo ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi. Abo ziingcali esizibiza ngokuba yiVascular Doctor . Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba ngubani iVascular Doctor, zeziphi izifo azinyangayo, kwaye nokuba ufanele ubone ugqirha onjalo na.
Ngamafutshane, ngubani lo Gqirha weMithambo?
Ugqirha wemithambo yegazi ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi, inkqubo yemithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu. Aba gqirha baqeqeshwe ukuthintela, ukuxilonga, nokunyanga izifo zale mithambo yegazi.
Khawucinge nje ukuba umzimba wethu sisixeko esikhulu. Le nkqubo yemithambo yegazi ifana nothungelwano lweendlela kweso sixeko. Ezinye zifana neendlela ezinkulu, ezinye zifana neendlela ezincinci zasezilalini. Kungale ndlela apho "izinto" ezibizwa ngokuba yioksijini kunye nesondlo zithwalwa khona kuyo yonke iseli kunye nezicubu zomzimba, kwaye "inkunkuma" (izinto ezifana nekhabhoni dayokhsayidi) eveliswa apho iyabuyiselwa. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ukuvaleka, ukuqhekeka, okanye ukuqhekeka kwenye indawo kwezi ndlela, isixeko sonke siya kuphazamiseka, kwaye ukuba kukho ingxaki ngemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, iya kuchaphazela umzimba wonke.
"Injineli" ejongene ngqo "nenkqubo yeendlela" nguGqirha weMithambo.
Isebenza njani inkqubo yethu yemithambo yegazi?
Kukho iinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili zale nkqubo:
1. Imithambo yegazi: Le yimithambo yegazi emikhulu ethwala igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini lisuka entliziyweni ukuya kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba. Ifana kakhulu nenkqubo ephambili yokuhambisa amanzi kwisixeko.
2. Imithambo: Le yimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elisetyenzisiweyo, elingenaoksijini, neligcwele inkunkuma libuyela entliziyweni lisuka kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba. Ifana nenkqubo yokukhupha amanzi asetyenzisiweyo.
3. IiCapillaries: Ezi zimithambo yegazi emincinci nethambileyo. Zidibanisa imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi. Zilapho ioksijini nezondlo zitshintshiselana khona phakathi kweeseli zomzimba nalapho kuqokelelwa khona inkunkuma.
Ugqirha wemithambo yegazi ugxila kulo lonke eli nkqubo.
Zeziphi izifo ezinyangwa ngaba gqirha?
Uluhlu lwezifo ezinyangwa yiVascular Doctor lubanzi kakhulu. Ezinye ziqhelekile, ngelixa ezinye zinokuba yingozi ngakumbi. Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi.
| Imeko | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Isifo seMitha yoMthambo oPheleleyo (i-PAD) | Imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi iye emilenzeni nasezingalweni iyavaleka ngenxa ye-cholesterol eninzi. Enye yeempawu eziphambili ziintlungu emilenzeni xa uhamba. |
| I-Aneurysm | Udonga olubuthathaka lomthambo wegazi oluvuthuluka njengebhaluni. Oku kungenzeka kumthambo oyintloko esiswini (i-aorta). Ukuba oku kuyagqabhuka, kunokuba yingozi ebomini. |
| Imithambo yeVaricose | Iivalvu ezingaphakathi kwimithambo esemilenzeni ziba buthathaka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi lihlangane endaweni yokuba libuyele entliziyweni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imithambo idumbe ize ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye imfusa. |
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Ihlwili legazi lenzeka kumthambo onzulu emlenzeni. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba kunye nentlungu emlenzeni. Ukuba eli hlwili legazi liyaqhekeka lize liye emiphungeni (pulmonary embolism), linokuba yingozi kakhulu. |
| Isifo seCarotid Artery | Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-carotid, ethwala igazi ukusuka kumacala omabini entamo ukuya ebuchotsheni, yeyona nto ibangela isifo sohlangothi. |
| I-atherosclerosis | I-cholesterol nezinye izinto ziyaqokelelana eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi (i-plaque), nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokwenzeka nakweyiphi na imithambo yegazi emzimbeni. |
| I-Vasculitis | Ukudumba kweendonga zemithambo yegazi. Oku kusenokuba kubangelwa yingxaki kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. |
| Ukulungiselela imithambo yegazi ukuze i-dialysis iqhutywe kubantu abaneengxaki zezintso | Xa izintso zingakwazi ukucoca igazi, kwenziwa i-fistula yotyando engalweni ukuze iqhagamshelwe kumatshini we-dialysis. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, uninzi lwezi zifo lunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu , isifo seswekile , ukutshaya , kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol .
Ufanele ubonane nini nogqirha wemithambo yegazi?
Usenokuba uzibuza, "Ngaba kufuneka ndibone ugqirha onje?" Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha wakho wosapho (GP) uza kukuthumela kwingcali efana nale. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo okanye izinto ezinobungozi, kubalulekile ukukunika ingqalelo oku.
- Intlungu yomlenze okanye umqolo xa uhamba: Ukuba ufumana intlungu emilenzeni yakho, ingakumbi ezinqeni, xa uhamba umgama omfutshane kwaye iyancipha emva kokuma okwethutyana, isenokuba luphawu lwe- PAD .
- Ukudumba kwemilenze: Ukuba umlenze omnye okanye yomibini idumbile ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ingakumbi ukuba umlenze omnye kuphela ubomvu kwaye udumbile kwaye uvakalelwa kukufudumala, oko kungaba luphawu lwegazi eliqhekekileyo (DVT) .
- Amanxeba angapholiyo: Ukuba amanxeba asemilenzeni, ingakumbi ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni, athatha ixesha elide ukuphola, isenokuba luphawu lokuba igazi elo lingena ngokwaneleyo.
- Ukutshintsha kombala okanye ukubanda kwemilenze: Ukuba imilenze ivakala ibanda ngaphezu komzimba wonke, okanye ukuba ulusu lwemilenze lujika lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye lube mhlophe.
- Imithambo yeVaricose: Ukuba unemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa emilenzeni yakho ebonakala ngathi ibotshelelwe kwaye ibangela intlungu kunye nobunzima emilenzeni yakho.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu okanye yesifuba ngequbuliso: Oku kungaba luphawu lokuqhekeka kwe -aneurysm . Le yingxamiseko enkulu kakhulu kwaye kufuneka uye kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko lesibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
Abantu abaneengozi:
Ukuba unesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, uyatshaya, okanye unembali yosapho lwakho yezi zifo zemithambo yegazi, usengozini enkulu kunezinye. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwengcali yentliziyo kunye nogqirha wemithambo yegazi?
Le yinto edida abantu abaninzi.
- Ingcali yentliziyo ngugqirha ogxile kwintliziyo . Unyanga ukusebenza kwentliziyo, iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kunye nezifo zevalvu yentliziyo.
- Ugqirha wemithambo yegazi ngugqirha ogxila kwinkqubo yegazi emzimbeni wonke , ngaphandle kwentliziyo. Oko kuthetha yonke into ukususela emilenzeni, iingalo, isisu, intamo, ukuya kwimithambo ehambisa igazi engqondweni.
Kodwa ezi zimbini zihlala zisebenza kunye. Kuba intliziyo nemithambo yegazi ziinkqubo ezimbini ezidibeneyo. Umzekelo, ingcali yentliziyo ijonga ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (Coronary Arteries), ngelixa ingcali yemithambo yegazi ijonga ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni.
Yintoni onokuyilindela xa usiya kubona ugqirha?
Xa uthunyelwa kugqirha wemithambo yegazi, uza kuqala akubuze umbuzo oneenkcukacha malunga neempawu zakho.
- Yintoni engalunganga ngawe?
- Iqale nini?
- Iyanda ngaliphi ixesha? Iyancipha njani?
Emva koko, baya kukubuza ngembali yakho neyentsapho yakho yezonyango. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ngezinye izifo onazo (isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi), amayeza owasebenzisayo, ukuba uyatshaya na, kunye nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho onazo ezi zifo.
Okulandelayo, ugqirha uza kukuhlola ngokwasemzimbeni. Ngokukodwa,
- Bajonga ii-pulses emilenzeni nasezingalweni zakho.
- Umbala, ubushushu, kunye nokudumba kwemilenze kuyajongwa.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyalinganiswa.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo eziza kwenziwa?
Ukuze ufumanise isifo esichanekileyo, ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluthile.
- I-Vascular Ultrasound (iDoppler Scan): Olu lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo. Lufana ne-scan yomfazi okhulelweyo. Ayinazintlungu. Ingabona ngokucacileyo indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yakho, nokuba kukho na ukuvaleka okanye ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
- I-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI): Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu. Balinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi engalweni yakho nasemaqakaleni baze bathelekise ezi zinto zimbini. Oku kunokukunika umbono wokuba kukho ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni yakho.
- I-Angiogram (CT/MR/Catheter): Olu luvavanyo oluntsonkothileyo kancinci. Idayi yomahluko ifakwa kwimithambo yegazi, kwaye ii-X-ray, CT, okanye ii-MRI scans zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo yemithambo yegazi. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni indawo echanekileyo yokuvaleka.
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olufunekayo. Isenokuba ngamayeza, utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, okanye ngamanye amaxesha utyando oluncinci okanye olukhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ugqirha wemithambo yegazi yingcali enyanga izifo ezinxulumene nayo yonke imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo yegazi) emzimbeni, ngaphandle kwentliziyo.
- Iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zemilenze xa uhamba, ukudumba kwemilenze, amanxeba angapholiyo, kunye nemithambo yegazi erhabaxa zonke ezi zinto zinokubangelwa ziingxaki zemithambo yegazi. Ungaze uzityeshele ezi zinto.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu , okanye utshaya , usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nesifo semithambo yegazi.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga naziphi na iimpawu, qala ngokuqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho wosapho (GP) ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uza kukuthumela kwiGqirha weeMitha.
- Ungazikhusela kwezi zifo ezininzi ngokutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, nokuphepha ukutshaya.
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