Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uva iintlungu eziqatha emilenzeni yakho, ingakumbi emathangeni nasematholeni, xa uhamba? Ngaba kufuneka uyeke ngenxa yale ntlungu xa uhamba umgama omncinci? Okanye ngaba namanxeba amancinci emilenzeni yakho athatha ixesha elide ukuphola, ngaba imilenze yakho iziva ibanda xa uyichukumisa, kwaye itshintshe umbala? Isizathu esiphambili sezi zinto sinokuba kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) ethwala igazi emilenzeni yakho. Ngoko ke, xa le meko iba mandundu, enye yezona ndlela zonyango ziphambili nezisebenzayo ezicetyiswayo ngoogqirha kukuhlinzwa nge-bypass. Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Know your body mass index (BMI) and weight classification
Yintoni utyando lweVascular Bypass?
Oku kulula kakhulu. Khawucinge ukuba indlela enkulu kwisixeko ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze ilungiswe. Emva koko izithuthi azikwazi ukudlula, akunjalo? Ngoko ke abasemagunyeni benza ntoni? Bayayigqitha loo ndlela baze bakhe indlela entsha esecaleni, indlela edlula ecaleni, ukuze izithuthi zifikelele apho ziya khona.
Yile nto kanye eyenzekayo emizimbeni yethu ngexesha lotyando lwe-bypass. Xa umthambo omkhulu othwala igazi emlenzeni wakho uvalwe zizinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kangangokuba uvala ngokupheleleyo ukuhamba kwegazi, ugqirha wenza indlela entsha yokuba igazi lijikeleze umthambo ovalekileyo.
'I-graft' isetyenziselwa ukudala le ndlela intsha. Le graft inokuba ngumthambo ovela kwelinye ilungu lomzimba wakho (ngokufuthi ukusuka emlenzeni wakho). Okanye ingaba yinto eyenziwe ngokukodwa. Injongo ephambili yolu tyando kukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi okuhle emlenzeni wakho, ukugcina izicubu ziphila, kunye nokukusindisa kwingozi enkulu yokunqunyulwa kwelungu kwixesha elizayo.
Ngubani odinga olu tyando?
Olu tyando ludla ngokufuneka kubantu abaneengxaki ezinkulu kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi emilenzeni yabo. Esi simo saziwa ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-'Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD).' Xa esi sifo se-'PAD' siba sibi kakhulu, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi emilenzeni kuyancipha kangangokuba izicubu ezisemilenzeni ziqala ukufa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Critical Limb Ischemia'.
Ngamafutshane, ngaphandle kwegazi emlenzeni, umlenze ngokwawo usengozini. Olu tyando lwe-bypass ludla ngokusetyenziswa ukusindisa imilenze yezigulana kwiimeko ezimandundu kangaka.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zotyando lwe-bypass?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi ntlobo zotyando. Zibizwa ngokwe-artery apho i-bypass iqala khona kunye ne-artery apho igazi lidluliselwa khona. Ungafumana umbono olungileyo ngale nto kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Igama lotyando (Uhlobo lwe-Bypass) | Okwenzekayo kucacile |
|---|---|
| Ukudlula kwi-aortobifemoral | Uqala kumthambo omkhulu oyintloko (i-Aorta) esiswini, wahlukana kabini njengo-'Y' ojonge phantsi uze uqhagamshele kwimithambo ephambili (imithambo ye-Femoral) emathangeni emilenze yomibini. |
| I-Femoral-popliteal bypass | Iqala kwi-femoral artery e-groin ize iqhagamshelane ne-popliteal artery engaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwedolo. |
| Ukudlula kwi-femoral-tibial | Iqala kwimithambo ye-femoral ekwi-groin ize iqhagamshelane nemithambo ye-tibial engaphantsi kwedolo. |
Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kotyando
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ngaphambi kokuba acebe utyando lwakho. Ezona ziphambili zezi:
- Isalathisi se-Ankle-brachial: Oku kulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi engalweni yakho nasemaqakaleni kwaye kuthelekise ezi zinto zimbini. Oku kunokukunika umbono wokuba igazi elingakanani eliye lehla emilenzeni yakho.
- I-Vascular Ultrasound (iDoppler Scan): Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu olunokujonga ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo kunye naluphi na uvalo.
Ukongeza, ekubeni abantu abaninzi abaneengxaki zemithambo yemilenze banokuba neengxaki zemithambo yentliziyo yabo, oogqirha baya kujonga impilo yentliziyo yakho ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho.
Indlela oluqhutywa ngayo utyando kunye neengozi ezinokubakho
Utyando lwenzeka kwigumbi lotyando esibhedlele. Okokuqala, unikwa i-anesthesia jikelele (i-anesthetic). Ngoko awuyi kuva nto ngexesha lotyando. Emva koko, ugqirha wenza imiqolo emininzi (ii-incisions) eluswini ukuze afikelele kwimithambo efunekayo. Emva koko, kuthathwa i-graft efanelekileyo, idlule umthambo ovalekileyo, kwaye kwenziwa indlela entsha ngokuthungwa okuncinci kakhulu. Olu tyando ludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu.
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo, ingakumbi kubantu abaneengxaki zempilo ezinje ngesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, okanye isifo sezintso.
| Umngcipheko/ingxaki enokwenzeka |
|---|
| Ukungaphumeleli kwe-graft ye-bypass - Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-graft kuyancipha okanye kuvaliwe kwakhona. |
| Ukopha ngenxa yokusikeka. |
| Usulelo lwenxeba okanye i-graft. |
| Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo, ukuba ndindisholo, okanye ubuthathaka emlenzeni. |
| Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. |
| Ukukrala kwemiphunga. |
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa. Uza kunikwa amayeza okuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ngaphakathi kwe-graft entsha.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uvuke ebhedini uqale ukuhambahamba kancinci. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukujikeleza kwegazi lakho kuqhubeka kwaye kukuncede uphile ngokukhawuleza. Abanye abantu banokufuna unyango lomzimba. Kancinci kancinci, uya kukwazi ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.
Khumbula into enye ebalulekileyo. Olu tyando aluyi kuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo i-PAD yakho. Luya kulawula kuphela iimpawu kwaye lusindise umlenze wakho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi grafts zinokuvaleka kwakhona. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-graft kuqheleke kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo. Ke ngoko, impumelelo yotyando ixhomekeke kwindlela ophila ngayo.
Kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza nini?
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kotyando, lumka kakhulu ngezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, yazisa ugqirha wakho okanye isibhedlele apho ufumene khona unyango ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| Ukuba umlenze ohlinzweyo unezi mpawu zilandelayo: | |
| - Intlungu entsha okanye enzima | - Imilenze ebandayo, engwevu, okanye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| - Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukuziva ungenanto | - Ukuwohloka kwamanxeba emilenzeni |
| Ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeengxaki: | |
| - Ifiva | - Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza |
| - Ububomvu kunye nobushushu obujikeleze imingxunya | - Ulwelo olufana nobovu oluphuma emanxebeni |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Vascular Bypass lutyando oludlula umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo luze ludale indlela entsha yokuhamba kwegazi.
- Eyona njongo iphambili yoku kukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi emlenzeni nokuwusindisa kwingozi yokunqunyulwa kwelungu.
- Ukuze utyando luphumelele kwaye lugcinwe ixesha elide, kubalulekile ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya nokulawula ngokufanelekileyo izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Kwanasemva kotyando, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unxibelelana rhoqo nogqirha wakho kwaye uhlolwe rhoqo.
- Ukuba ubona iintlungu ezintsha, ukungaziva, ukutshintsha kombala, okanye ukuba mandundu kwenxeba emlenzeni wakho, musa ukulibazisa kwaye wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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