Ngaba unayo imithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye emfusa ebonakala emilenzeni yakho? Okanye ngaba imilenze yakho ihlala idumba kwaye ivakala ngathi inzima? Nangona ezi ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi, ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinxulumene nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, ingakumbi imithambo. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesi sifo semithambo, okanye `(Isifo semithambo)`, kwaye zeziphi iindlela zokusinyanga. Musa ukoyika, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo semithambo yegazi?
Khawucinge nje, kukho inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu wonke. Le mithambo yegazi siyibiza ngokuba yimithambo yegazi. Kuyo, imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukusuka emzimbeni ukuya entliziyweni yimithambo yegazi. Ngaphakathi komthambo ophilileyo kukho iindawo ezincinci ezifana nomnyango, ezibizwa ngokuba ziivalvu. Ezi zivuleka kwicala elinye kuphela. Ngoko ke igazi lihamba ngokuqhubekayo ukuya entliziyweni kwaye alibuyi.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko efana ne-'Venous Insufficiency', ezi valve azisebenzi kakuhle. Okwenzekayo kukuba igazi alihambi phambili, kodwa liyama endaweni enye, okanye libuyele umva. Oku siqhele ukukubiza ngokuba sisifo semithambo yegazi. Ukunyanga oku kubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zezifo zemithambo yegazi
- Amahlwili egazi: Ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ngaphakathi emithanjeni.
- Ukungakwazi Kwemithambo Engapheliyo (CVI): Ukuma kwegazi ngenxa yokuba buthathaka kweevalvu ezikwimithambo yegazi ixesha elide.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Igazi elijiyileyo emithanjeni enzulu emzimbeni (ngesiqhelo emilenzeni). Le yimeko enobungozi kancinci.
- I-Pulmonary Embolism: Ihlwili legazi eliphuma kwi-DVT lize liye emiphungeni. Le yimeko embi kakhulu neyingozi.
- I-Exficial thrombophlebitis: Igazi elijiyileyo lenzeka kwimithambo ephantsi kolusu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umthambo udumbe, ube bomvu, kwaye ube buhlungu.
- Imithambo yeVaricose kunye nemithambo yesigcawu: Imithambo evuvukileyo, ejijekileyo ebonakala ngaphezulu kolusu. Abantu abaninzi babiza le "mithambo yesigcawu".
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ngaphandle kotyando?
Amaxesha amaninzi, ugqirha uya kuqala azame ukulawula imeko ngaphandle kotyando. Olu nyango lungasetyenziswa lodwa okanye ludityaniswe nezinye iindlela zonyango.
| Indlela yonyango | Kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Izinto zokunciphisa igazi (i-Anticoagulation) | La mayeza athintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. La mayeza abaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko ezifana ne-DVT kunye nokuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi. |
| Iintlobo ezikhethekileyo zeekawusi (iisokisi zoxinzelelo) | Ezi kawusi zibeka uxinzelelo oluncinci emilenzeni, zinciphisa ukuhlangana kwegazi kwimithambo. Zinceda ekulawuleni imithambo eyomileyo kunye ne-DVT. |
| Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila | Iimpawu zingalawulwa ngezinto ezifana nokuzilolonga, ukuhamba, ukugcina imilenze yakho iphakanyisiwe kancinci, kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima. |
| Unyango lweSclerotherapy | Olu lunyango olukhethekileyo lwemithambo evalekileyo. Ugqirha ufaka ulwelo olukhethekileyo ngqo kwimithambo evalekileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba umthambo unciphe kwaye unyamalale ngokuhamba kwexesha. |
Unyango lwanamhlanje olusebenzisa ii-catheters
Kule ndlela, ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci eluswini aze afake i-catheter , ityhubhu encinci kakhulu, emthanjeni. Ekubeni ezi zinto zingadingi mngxuma mkhulu, ixesha lokuphiliswa lifutshane kwaye iingxaki zincinci.
- I-Angioplasty: I-catheter ifakwa kumthambo ovalekileyo kwaye ibhaluni encinci ekupheleni iyafuthwa ukuze kwandiswe umthambo ngaphakathi. Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngokulula. Ngamanye amaxesha, i -stent , ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh, ifakwa ngaphakathi kumthambo ukuze ithintele ukuba inganciphi kwakhona.
- Unyango lwe-thrombolytic olulawulwa yi-catheter: I-catheter ifakwa kwindawo apho kukho ihlwili legazi kwaye i-thrombolytics ifakwa ngqo kuyo. Oku kuyayinyibilikisa ihlwili kwisithuba seeyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukususwa kobushushu obungenamthungo: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-laser therapy. I-catheter isetyenziselwa ukuthumela ukukhanya kwe-laser okanye amandla obushushu kwi-vein engasebenzi kakuhle, "ivala" i-vein ngaphakathi. Emva koko i-vein iyancipha kwaye igazi liqala ukuhamba nge-vein ephilileyo.
- Isihluzi seVena cava:Esi sisihluzo esincinci esimile okwesambrela. Sifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo oyintloko esiswini sethu (i-vena cava). Sisetyenziselwa ukuthintela amahlwili egazi ayenzeka emilenzeni ukuba angahambi aye engqondweni okanye emiphungeni.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka utyando?
Utyando ludla ngokucetyiswa kuphela ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango ezilula aziphumelelanga, okanye ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu.
Ukuba le meko iphazamisana kakhulu nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, okanye ukuba usemngciphekweni wesifo esinzima ngakumbi njenge-DVT okanye i-Pulmonary Embolism, ugqirha wakho unokuqwalasela utyando.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zotyando:
- Ukubopha kunye nokukrazula: Oku kubandakanya ukubopha umthambo onengxaki we-varicose kunye nokuwususa. Ngamanye amaxesha olu tyando lwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci kusetyenziswa isixhobo esinjenge-endoscope.
- I-SEPS (utyando lwe-subfascial endoscopic perforator): Olu tyando lwenzelwa abantu abanemithambo eyonakeleyo kwimilenze engezantsi kwaye abanamanxeba angapholiyo (izilonda zemithambo).
- Indlela yotyando: Kufana nokwakha indlela yokudlula ukuze kudlule indlela exineneyo, oku kuquka ukudala indlela entsha ejikeleze umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa isiqwenga somthambo wakho okanye ityhubhu yokwenziwa (i-graft).
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi zale nyango?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi kunye neenzuzo. Umzekelo, izinto zokunciphisa igazi ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela ukopha. Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokosuleleka ngexesha lotyando.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, iingenelo zale mithi zonyango zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi. Olu nyango lunokunceda ekuthinteleni iingxaki ezisongela ubomi ezifana ne-pulmonary embolism. Lunokubonelela ngoncedo kwiimpawu ezinje ngokudumba kwemilenze, iintlungu, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye nemithambo yegazi erhabaxa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango lwemeko yakho.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza
Ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokufumana unyango lwesifo semithambo yegazi (i-catheter okanye utyando), bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukopha okuqhubekayo okanye olunye ulwelo oluvela kumanxeba
- Ifiva
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
- Intlungu ebuhlungu okanye ukudumba okujikeleze i-incision
- Ukungabi nangqondo kwamalungu
- Ubomvu okanye ubushushu obujikeleze i-incision
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo semithambo yegazi sisifo esiphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yomzimba wethu. Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokudumba kwemilenze, iintlungu, okanye imithambo ebonakalayo, musa ukuzityeshela. Yiya kugqirha ukuze ufumane unobangela.
- Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo namhlanje, kuquka amayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, unyango lwanamhlanje olusekelwe kwi-catheter, kunye notyando.
- Asinguye wonke umntu odinga utyando. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, abantu abaninzi banokuphepha iingxaki eziyingozi baze baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusebenzayo.
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