Uyakhumbula ngexesha lobhubhane we-coronavirus, sonke sasinamathele kumabonwakude okanye kwiifowuni zethu silinde ulwazi lwamva nje? Elinye lamagama owaweva rhoqo ngelo xesha yayilithi "Virologist." Sasihlala sisiva izinto ezifana nokuthi "Ingcali ye-virologist ithi oku," "Le yimbono yamva nje yeengcali ze-virologist." Ngoko ke ngubani ingcali ye-virologist? Benza ntoni? Masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula.
Ngubani lo gqirha weentsholongwane?
Ngamafutshane, ingcali yeentsholongwane ngumntu ofunda iintsholongwane nzulu kwaye onolwazi ngazo. Iintsholongwane ziintsholongwane ezincinci kakhulu esingenakuzibona ngamehlo ethu. Zingosulela kungekuphela nje abantu, izilwanyana, nezityalo, kodwa neentsholongwane.
Ingcali ye-virology ifunda izinto ezininzi ngezi ntsholongwane. Umzekelo:
- Intsholongwane ingena njani kwiseli emzimbeni wethu ize izaliseke?
- Zisasazeka njani kubantu abakufutshane?
- Zenziwa njani izitofu zokuthintela ukosuleleka ziintsholongwane?
- Ufumana njani amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane okunyanga usulelo lwentsholongwane?
Umsebenzi wabo ophambili kukufumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo enzima kakhulu efana nale.
Yintoni eyenziwa yingcali ye-virologist?
Nangona igama elithi "virologist" lisetyenziswa, kukho imisebenzi emininzi eyahlukeneyo kunye neembopheleleko phantsi kwelo gama. Cinga ngale ndlela: abanye benza uphando kwilebhu, ngelixa abanye benyanga izigulana esibhedlele. Kufana nokuba xa uthi "unjineli," kukho amacandelo ahlukeneyo afana nobunjineli bokwakha kunye nobunjineli boomatshini.
Ungafumana umbono olungileyo ngale nto kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lomsebenzi | Inkcazo elula yoko kwenziwayo |
|---|---|
| Ukusebenza ezibhedlele | Iisampulu ezithathwe kwizigulana (umz. igazi, isikhwehlela) ziyavavanywa ukuze kuchongwe ukuba yeyiphi intsholongwane ekhoyo. Ngoko ke, oogqirha banikwa iingcebiso zonyango. |
| Ukusebenza njengogqirha | Njengengcali yezifo ezosulelayo, unyanga ngokuthe ngqo izigulane ezinezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Umzekelo, uphatha izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-HIV okanye i-hepatitis. |
| Uphando oluSisiseko | Kwiyunivesithi okanye kwiziko lophando, senza uphando ngezinto ezisisiseko, ezifana nendlela intsholongwane esebenza ngayo nendlela engena ngayo kwiseli. Olu phando lusisiseko sokwenza amayeza amatsha. |
| Uphando oluSebenzisiweyo | Basebenzisa iziphumo zophando olusisiseko ukuphuhlisa iimveliso ezisebenzayo ezifana neegonyo okanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane. Aba bantu badla ngokusebenza kwiinkampani zamayeza. |
| Inkonzo kumaziko ezempilo karhulumente | UMphathiswa wezeMpilo welizwe, esebenzisana nemibutho efana neWorld Health Organisation (WHO), uchonga iintsholongwane ezisandula ukuvela kwaye unike iingcebiso zokulawula ukusasazeka kwezifo ezibulalayo. |
Ukongeza koku, kukho imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo efana nentatheli ebhala ngecandelo lezonyango kunye nombhali wezibonelelo obhala izindululo zokufumana inkxaso-mali yophando.
Ngaba kufuneka uye kwisikolo sezonyango ukuze ube yingcali ye-virologist?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Impendulo ithi, akunjalo ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa uninzi lweengcali ze-virologist zinedigri yezonyango (MD) okanye i-doctorate (PhD). Abanye banokuba nazo zombini ezi ngxaki.
Kalula nje, umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini ngulo:
- Ubugqirha bezonyango (MD): Bufunyanwa emva kokufunda kwisikolo sezonyango noqeqesho lokuhlola, ukuxilonga, nokunyanga izigulana. Aba bantu bagxila ekunyamekeleni izigulana.
- Ugqirha weFilosofi (PhD): Eli thuba linikezelwa emva kophando olunzulu kwicandelo elithile kunye nokongeza ulwazi olutsha kwihlabathi. Aba bantu bagxila kuphando kunye nokusombulula iingxaki.
Ukuba ufuna ukunyanga izigulana ngokuthe ngqo kwaye usebenze nazo, kubalulekile ukufumana isidanga sezonyango (MD). Kodwa ukuba unomdla wokusebenza kwilabhoratri, ukufumana izinto ezintsha, nokwenza uphando, iPhD ifanelekile ngakumbi.
Uhambo oluya ekubeni yingcali ye-virologist
Olu luhambo olude. Lufuna iziqinisekiso zemfundo ezilungileyo kunye nokuzinikela okukhulu.
Inyathelo nenyathelo...
1. Inqanaba Eliphezulu: Okokuqala, kufuneka uphumelele kakuhle kwicandelo leSayensi yeNqanaba Eliphezulu, ingakumbi iBiology kunye neKhemistri.
2. Isidanga sokuqala: Emva koko, kufuneka ufumane isidanga seBachelor kwicandelo elifana neBiology, iChemistry, iMicrobiology, okanye iMedical Laboratory Science.
3. Isidanga se-postgraduate: Inyathelo elilandelayo lixhomekeke kwiinjongo zakho.
- Ukuze wenze uphando: Kuya kufuneka ufunde ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Master of Science (MS) okanye kwi-Doctoral Degree (PhD) kwi-Virology okanye kwicandelo elinxulumene nalo.
- Ukunyanga izigulana: Kufuneka uye kwisikolo sezonyango, ufumane isidanga sezonyango (MD), uze emva koko ufumane uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwicandelo elifana nezifo ezosulelayo okanye i-immunology.
- Ukwenza uphando kunye nokunyamekela izigulane: Abanye abantu benza isidanga sezonyango kunye nesobugqirha. Kukho iinkqubo ze-'MD-PhD' zaloo nto.
Ngokwesiqhelo, olu hambo lungathatha malunga neminyaka eli-10 emva kwesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Nangona oko kulixesha elide, inkonzo enokunikezelwa kwihlabathi kweli candelo intle ngendlela engenakucingelwa.
Izihloko ezibalulekileyo kolu hambo
- Ibhayoloji - ngakumbi iMicrobiology, iCell Biology, kunye neMolecular Biology
- Ikhemistri - ingakumbi iBiochemistry
- I-genetics
- I-Immunology
- Uphononongo lomhlaza (i-Oncology)
Umahluko phakathi kweVirologist kunye ne-Epidemiologist
Siwavile omabini la magama kakhulu ngexesha leCorona. Aba bantu babini benza izinto ezahlukeneyo. Masiqonde ngomzekelo olula.
Khawuthelekelele iqela labantu abasela amanzi equleni elalini bagula ngequbuliso.
- Ingcali yeentsholongwane: Into ayenzayo kukuthatha isampuli yamanzi equleni aze aye kwilebhu aze afumanise ukuba yeyiphi intsholongwane ekuyo. Uphanda ngendlela eziphatha ngayo ezo ntsholongwane kunye nendlela yokuzitshabalalisa. Ujonga nzulu kwi -pathogen .
- Ingcali yezifo: Into ayenzayo kukufumanisa indlela esi sifo esisasazeka ngayo. Ngubani ofumene esi sifo? Ngamaqela angakanani eminyaka? Ngaba bonke basele amanzi avela emthonjeni omnye? Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singasasazeki ngakumbi? Unika iingcebiso kwinqanaba lempilo yoluntu. Ujonga indlela esisasazeka ngayo esi sifo .
Ngamafutshane, ngelixa iingcali zeentsholongwane zifunda iintsholongwane, iingcali zezifo ezibangela ubhubhane zifunda indlela esasazeka ngayo loo ntsholongwane kuluntu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali ye-virologist yingcali efunda ngokunzulu iintsholongwane.
- Bangasebenza kwizibhedlele, kwiilebhu zophando, kwiiyunivesithi, kwiinkampani zamayeza, nakwiindawo zempilo zikarhulumente.
- Ukuze usebenze kweli candelo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana isidanga sezonyango (MD) okanye i-doctorate (PhD). Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomsebenzi ofuna ukuwulandela.
- Lo ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ofuna ukuzinikela nexesha elininzi, kwaye unokubonelela ngenkonzo entle eluntwini.
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