Utshintsho kwilizwi? Mhlawumbi oku (Ingxaki yelizwi)! Singathetha?

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva utshintsho kwilizwi lakho, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ubunzima bokuthetha? Mhlawumbi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho, okanye uziva udiniwe xa uthetha? Ezi zisenokungabi ziimpawu zomkhuhlane nje kuphela. Zisenokuba ziimpawu 'zokuphazamiseka kwelizwi' . Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe namhlanje.

Zithini Iingxaki Zelizwi?

Ngamafutshane, ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi yiyo nayiphi na into echaphazela ubuchule bakho bokuthetha. Oku kunokutshintsha umgangatho welizwi lakho, isandi, okanye isandi selizwi lakho.

Khawuthelekelele, xa sithetha ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzekayo. Xa siphefumla, umoya ovela emaphashini udlula kwi-trachea (windpipe) phezulu emqaleni uye kwi -larynx . Ngaphakathi kwi-larynx yakho, phezulu kwi-windpipe, kukho ii-vocal cords ezimbini. Xa siphefumla, ezi -vocal cords zimbini zivulekile. Kodwa xa sizama ukuthetha, ezi -vocal cords zimbini ziyadibana kwaye zingcangcazele njengoko umoya ovela emaphashini udlula. Oko kungcangcazela yikona okuvelisa ilizwi lethu.

Nangona kunjalo, kumntu onengxaki yelizwi, kukho into ephazamisana nale nkqubo. Kulapho ke ilizwi livakala ngendlela eyahlukileyo.

Ezi ngxaki zelizwi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Iingxaki zeNdalo: Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngesakhiwo se-larynx yakho, ii-vocal cords, okanye imiphunga. Umzekelo, ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwi-larynx.

2. Iingxaki ze-Neurological: Kulapho kukho uhlobo oluthile lwempembelelo kwimithambo-luvo elawula i-larynx. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo elawula ilizwi lethu, kunokubakho utshintsho kwilizwi.

3. Iingxaki Zokusebenza: Kule meko, izakhiwo ezivelisa ilizwi, njenge-larynx, i-vocal cords, kunye nemiphunga, ziqhelekile, kodwa azinakusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa izihlunu ze-vocal cords ziba nzima ukuzisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, iimvakalelo, kunye notshintsho kwimeko yakho yengqondo nazo zinokuchaphazela ilizwi lakho.

Ngamanye amaxesha iintlobo ezingaphezu kwenye zinokwenzeka kunye, nto leyo ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi. Umzekelo, usenokuba nokukhubazeka kokugoba kwelizwi.Masithi ikhona. Oko kuthetha ukuba enye i-vocal fold ayisebenzi kakuhle. Emva koko enye i-vocal fold, leyo ingasebenzi kakuhle, inokusebenza nzima, ibangele uxinzelelo emqaleni wakho. Le yingxaki yokusebenza. Okanye, uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo emqaleni (functional disorder) lunokubangela iingxaki zesakhiwo ezifana nee-vocal fold nodules.

Ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi kunokukwenza kube nzima kuwe ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu nokuziveza. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kumgangatho wobomi bakho. Kodwa khumbula, kukho iindlela zokunyanga oku.

Ziziphi iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezibangela utshintsho kwilizwi?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeengxaki ezinokubangela utshintsho kwilizwi. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• I-Laryngitis: Oku kukurhawuzelelwa okanye ukudumba kwemithambo yakho yelizwi. Ixesha elininzi, kwenzeka okwethutyana. Kunokubangelwa yi-allergies okanye usulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla. Yiyo le nto ibangela ukuba ilizwi lakho libe rhabaxa xa unesifo somkhuhlane.
• I-Muscle Tension Dysphonia: Oku kwenzeka xa izihlunu ezikwibhokisi yakho yelizwi (i-larynx) ziqina kakhulu. Le meko inokuchaphazela nezihlunu entanyeni yakho, emagxeni, nakumntla womqolo. Ingavakala ngathi uyakrwitshwa ngelixa uthetha.
• I-Spasmodic Dysphonia / I-Laryngeal Dystonia: Esi sisifo semithambo-luvo. Sibangela ukuqaqamba ngequbuliso kwemithambo-luvo. Singenza ilizwi lakho liqhekeke okanye live lirhawuzelele xa uthetha.
• Izilonda zeNtambo yelizwi: Ezi zizinto ezikhula ngaphandle komhlaza (ezingenobungozi). Umzekelo, amaqhuqhuva, iipolyps, okanye iicysts zinokwakheka kwiintambo zelizwi. Ezi zinokuchaphazela ilizwi.
• Ukukhubazeka Kwentambo Yelizwi: Oku kuxa iintambo zakho zelizwi ziyeka ukusebenza kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ulahlekelwe lulawulo lwemisipha ekwingqula yakho.

Ukongeza koku, kukwakho neengxaki zomoya ophezulu. Nangona ezi zinto zinganxulumananga ngokuthe ngqo nokusetyenziswa kwelizwi, zinxulumene ne-larynx kunye ne-vocal cords. Ezi zezi:

• Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction (ILO): Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yiParadoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder (PVFM). Okanye iVocal Cord Dysfunction.
• Ukuvaleka kweLaryngeal okubangelwa kukuzilolonga (i-EILO):

Ukuba une-'ILO' okanye 'EILO', imithambo yakho yelizwi okanye ezinye izakhiwo emqaleni wakho zinokuhamba ngendlela engafanelekanga xa uphefumla. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla kakuhle.

Zithini iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwelizwi?

Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwelizwi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Ilizwi lakho lisenokuvakala ngolu hlobo:

• Ilizwi eliqinileyo nelixineneyo (`elixineneyo`): Njengokungathi umphimbo uxineneyo xa uthetha.
• Irhashalala okanye irhashalala: Njenge-mucus.
• Umoya okanye umoya: Ilizwi alicaci kakuhle, ngokungathi ngumoya nje.
• Imvakalelo ye-phlegm ebambeke emqaleni, imvakalelo yokumanzisa ('Gurgly okanye emanzi'):
• Ubuthathaka, uvakala kancinci, kunzima ukukuchaza: Akakwazi ukuthetha ngokuvakalayo, ubonakala ethetha kancinci.
• Ilizwi liphezulu kakhulu okanye liphantsi kakhulu:
• Ukuva ilizwi liphezulu kakhulu okanye lithambile kakhulu:
• Ukungalingani okanye ukushukuma, kunye nokuqhekeka okanye izithuba kwisandi: Ukungakwazi ukugcina ilizwi lizinzile ngelixa uthetha.

Ukongeza, usenokuva iintlungu xa uthetha, okanye usenokufuneka uzibhokoxe ukuze uthethe. Usenokuziva ngathi kukho 'iqhubu emqaleni'.

Zithini izizathu zokuphazamiseka kwelizwi?

Eyona nto ibangela ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi kukusebenzisa ilizwi lakho kakhulu . Ukuba ukhwaza, ucula, okanye uthetha kakhulu, ilizwi lakho lingonakala. Cinga ngayo, kuba abantu abafana nootitshala nabaculi basebenzisa amazwi abo rhoqo, banamathuba amaninzi okuphuhlisa ezi meko. Umzekelo, kwakukho utitshala wokucula esikolweni sethu owayesoloko eneengxaki zelizwi kuba wayediniwe kukufundisa abantwana iingoma imini yonke.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi ngxaki zibangelwa zizifo zexesha elifutshane (ezibukhali), ezinje ngomkhuhlane, i-allergies, okanye usulelo lwe-sinus (sinusitis). Ezi zifo zibangela ukudumba emqaleni, okutshintsha indlela umoya ohamba ngayo. Xa ukugula kuphelile, ilizwi lidla ngokubuyela esiqhelweni kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki zelizwi ezinzima ngakumbi zenzeka xa kukho ingxaki ngesakhiwo, izihlunu, okanye imithambo-luvo yengxolo, imithambo-luvo, okanye imithambo-luvo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki zelizwi?

Ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi kunokuchaphazela nabani na, kodwa kukho izinto ezithile ezinokunyusa umngcipheko:

• Ubudala kunye nesini: Abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 basengozini enkulu.
• Umsebenzi: Kwabo basebenza kwimisebenzi efuna ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwelizwi, njengootitshala, iimvumi, kunye nabantu abathengisa ngefowuni. (Kolunye uphando kootitshala abamalunga ne-1,000, abangaphezu kwesiqingatha sabo babeneengxaki zelizwi.)
• Iindlela zokuziphatha: Izinto ezinje ngokusela utywala, ukutshaya.
• Utyando:Ukuba ukhe watyandwa emqaleni wakho (umz., i-thyroidectomy) okanye ityhubhu yokuphefumla.
• Iingxaki zeHormonal: Ukuba unezifo ezifana neDiabetes Mellitus, iThyroid Disease, okanye iPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
• Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Iingxaki ze-Neurological, Izifo ze-Autoimmune, Isifo se-Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD), i-Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR), umhlaza we-Laryngeal, Iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, okanye iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kotywala.

Ungayixilonga njani ingxaki yelizwi?

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo oyintloko unokukwazi ukuxilonga ingxaki yelizwi. Okanye, banokukuthumela kwingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha (SLP) okanye kugqirha weendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (laryngologist).

Aba gqirha baza kukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nendlela ezi ngxaki zelizwi lakho ezikuchaphazela ngayo ekhaya, emsebenzini, nasesikolweni.

Ugqirha uza kumamela ngononophelo njengoko uthetha. Uza kujonga ubuso bakho, intloko, intamo, nomqala wakho njengoko uthetha kwaye uphefumla. Angakuxelela ukuba uthethe amabinzana athile, okanye ubambe izandi ezithile ixesha elide, okanye uphakamise okanye wehlise ilizwi lakho.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ngelixa usenza ezi zivivinyo – ezinje ngentlungu, ukukrweleka komqala, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla – ungalibali ukuxelela ugqirha wakho.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyaniswe esi sifo?

Ukuze ubone ukuba i-larynx kunye nee-vocal cords zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani, ungenza uvavanyo lomfanekiso olufana nolu:

• I-Laryngoscopy: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa ityhubhu ebhityileyo neguquguqukayo (scope) enekhamera yevidiyo eqhotyoshelwe kuyo ukuze ijonge ngaphakathi emqaleni wakho. Ugqirha usenokuthatha iisampulu (biopsy) kwiintambo zelizwi ukuze ajonge naziphi na iziqwenga (ii-nodules), ii-polyps, okanye ii-cysts.
• I-Videostroboscopy: Oku kusebenzisa ityhubhu (isikopu) eqhotyoshelwe kwikhamera ekhethekileyo. Ingabukela iintambo zakho zelizwi zihamba kancinci njengoko usenza isandi. Kufana nevidiyo ehamba kancinci.
• I-Laryngeal Electromyography (LEMG): Le electrode isebenzisa i-electrode ukulinganisa imiqondiso yemithambo-luvo eveliswa xa usebenzisa izihlunu kwi-larynx yakho.
• I-MRI okanye i-CT scan:Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba athathe imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zee-vocal cords kunye ne-larynx. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ukuba kukho naziphi na izihlunu ezingaqhelekanga.

Ingxaki yelizwi inyangwa njani?

Ezinye iingxaki zelizwi zexesha elifutshane zinokunyangwa ngokuphumza nje ilizwi lakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uyeke ukukhwaza, ukucula, okanye ukucinezela ilizwi lakho kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Usenokuxelelwa nokuba uthethe kancinci kangangoko.

Ezinye iindlela zonyango zezi:

• Unyango lweLizwi: Iingcali zePathology zoLwimi lokuThetha (ii-SLP) zikufundisa iindlela kunye nokuzilolonga ukukunceda usebenzise ilizwi lakho ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuya kukunceda unxibelelane ngokucacileyo. Zikwakufundisa nendlela yokunyamekela ilizwi lakho ukuze ugcine impilo yelizwi.
• Amayeza: Ukuba ingxaki yelizwi lakho ibangelwa yi-LPR (acid reflux) okanye i-GERD (acid reflux disease), ii-proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) okanye amanye amayeza anokunceda. Ezinye iingxaki zelizwi zinokufuna ii-steroids okanye ii-antibiotics.
• Iinkqubo zonyango okanye utyando: Usenokufuna utyando lokususa isilonda kwiintambo zakho zelizwi. Usenokufuna inaliti yetyhefu ye-botulinum ukuze ukhulule izihlunu zentambo yelizwi eziqinileyo. Ukuba unentambo yelizwi engasebenzi kakuhle, ugqirha wakho unokuyifaka i-filler ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweentambo zakho zelizwi. Okanye, unokufuna i-implant ukunceda ukudibanisa iintambo zakho zelizwi (ebizwa ngokuba yi-medialization laryngoplasty).

Ngaba ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi kunokuthintelwa?

Nangona ezinye iingxaki zelizwi ezibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kakhulu zinokuthintelwa, ezininzi kunzima ukuzithintela. Nangona kunjalo, unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokunyamekela ilizwi lakho. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya, iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa, kunye notywala.
• Gcina ii-vocal cords zakho zimanzi ngokusela amanzi amaninzi. (Xa usela amanzi, ayangena emzimbeni wakho kwaye ancede ii-vocal cords zakho zityibilike lula.)
• Thatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukugula ngokwenza izinto ezifana nokuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo.
• Ukuba usebenza kumsebenzi ofuna ilizwi elininzi, phumza ilizwi lakho rhoqo.
• Funda ukuba zeziphi iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokusebenzisa ilizwi lakho.

Ukuba kufuneka uthethe okanye ucule kakhulu, qhelanisa umzimba wakho nalo mculo. Ukutshintsha ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kwelizwi ngequbuliso, ngaphandle kokulungiselela ngokwaneleyo, kunokukhokelela ekudinweni nasekwenzakaleni.

Iyintoni imbono yabantu abanale meko?

Iziphazamiso zelizwi ezibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kakhulu okanye izifo eziqatha zihlala zizezexeshana. Azibangeli monakalo osisigxina. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi lakho kuyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi, kusenokuthatha umgudu ongakumbi ukunyanga okanye ukulawula imeko. Usenokufuna utyando okanye iiseshoni ezimbalwa zonyango lwelizwi. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi bayazoyisa iingxaki zabo zelizwi ngonyango.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunyamekela ilizwi lakho kukulandela isicwangciso sakho sonyango. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile nokunyamekela impilo yakho yengqondo. Xa kunzima ukuthetha, abantu banokuziva ngathi abakwazi ukuziveza ngokukhululekileyo. Kubantwana, oku kunokukhokelela ekungazithembi. Umzamo omkhulu wokukhupha ilizwi labo kunokuba yinto ebangela uxinzelelo olukhulu kwaye ibenze babe bodwa.

Ukuba unengxaki efana nale, thetha nogqirha wakho. Mbuze ngezixhobo ezinokukunceda.

Ndingalufuna nini uncedo lwezonyango?

Ukuba ubona utshintsho olungachazwanga kwilizwi lakho olungaphucukiyo emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, yenza idinga lokubonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukufumana unyango kwangethuba kunokunceda ukuthintela iimpawu ukuba zingabi mbi. Kungathintela nomonakalo wexesha elide kwiintambo zakho zelizwi, ezinokufuna unyango olunzima ngakumbi, njengotyando.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Zeziphi iindlela zokuziphatha ekufuneka ndizitshintshe ukuze ndiphucule ilizwi lam?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiludingayo kwaye luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
• Ngabaphi ababoneleli beenkonzo zempilo ekufuneka ndisebenze nabo?
• Angakanani amathuba okuba iingxaki zam zelizwi zinyangeke ngokupheleleyo?
• Ungandixelela ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezinokundinceda ndijongane nengxaki yelizwi?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi kunokwenza kube nzima ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu. Kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungawuphucula umgangatho welizwi lakho. Oku kunokukunceda usondele ngakumbi ekuqondweni ngabanye abantu ngaphandle kokucinezela ilizwi lakho.

Ukuba ubona utshintsho kwilizwi lakho oluhlala iiveki ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa, bonana nogqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Angafumanisa unobangela aze akunike unyango olufunayo. Khumbula, unyango lwasekuqaleni lubaluleke kakhulu!

Iingxaki zelizwi , iintambo zelizwi, i-laryngitis, uqeqesho lwelizwi, umphimbo obuhlungu, unyango lokuthetha