Masifunde ngeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ngendlela elula? Ziindlela ezincinci zokukhusela umzimba wakho!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba xa ugula, xa unomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, kuya kuba ngcono njani kwiintsuku ezimbalwa? Sinomkhosi omncinci kodwa onamandla kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Loo majoni abizwa ngokuba ziiWhite Blood Cells , okanye iiWBC ngamafutshane. La ngamajoni asikhusela kwiintsholongwane ezibangela izifo ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Kufana nomkhosi omncinci ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu!

Zithini iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe? Zivela phi kanye kanye?

Ngamafutshane, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweeseli egazini lethu. Ubusazi ukuba igazi lethu libomvu? Isizathu sokuba nombala obomvu kukuba zibomvu kungenxa yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Kodwa akukho ziseli ezibomvu zegazi kuphela egazini, kukho nezi seli ezimhlophe zegazi. Zibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zegazi "ezimhlophe" kuba azinambala. Ezi seli ezimhlophe zegazi ziveliswa kwindawo ethambileyo ngaphakathi emathanjeni ethu, oko kukuthi, kumongo wethambo . Cinga ngomongo wethambo njengomzi-mveliso owenza ezi seli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ukusuka apho, ziveliswa kwaye zongezwe egazini, kwaye zihamba emzimbeni wonke, ngokungathi zikwi-patrol. Zenza ntoni? Olu lungiselelo lukukubamba intsholongwane okanye into ebangela isifo ukuba ingena emzimbeni ndaweni ithile.

Ezi seli zegazi ezimhlophe ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba yindlela yokuzikhusela yomzimba esikhusela kwizifo .

Kutheni le nto ezi seli zegazi ezimhlophe zibaluleke kangaka kuthi?

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomzimba wethu. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukusikhusela kwizifo.

• Ilwa neentsholongwane : Xa iintsholongwane ezifana neebhaktheriya , iintsholongwane kunye neefungi zingena emizimbeni yethu, ezi seli zegazi ezimhlophe zezona zihlasela kuqala. Zitshabalalisa ezo ntsholongwane kwaye ziyeke ukusasazeka kosulelo .
• Inceda amanxeba ukuba aphile: Xa kuvela inxeba, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ziza kwindawo leyo ukuze zithintele iintsholongwane ukuba zingangeni, zisuse iiseli ezonakeleyo, kwaye zincede iiseli ezintsha zikhule.
• Isebenza ngokuchasene neeseli zomhlaza : Ezinye iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi zinokubona kwaye zitshabalalise iiseli ezingaqhelekanga emizimbeni yethu, kwaneeseli zomhlaza.
• Isusa iiseli ezifileyo: Ezi zinceda ukugcina umzimba ucocekile ngokususa iiseli ezifileyo nezinto ezingafunekiyo.

Khawucinge nje, njengokuba kukho umkhosi wokukhusela ilizwe, la maseli amhlophe egazi ngumkhosi okhusela imizimba yethu. Ukuba loo mkhosi uba buthathaka, iintshaba ezivela ngaphandle, oko kukuthi, iintsholongwane, zinokuhlasela imizimba yethu ngokulula.

Ngaba yinyani into yokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi?

Ewe, kunjalo. Njengokuba kukho iiregimenti ezahlukeneyo kunye neeyunithi ezahlukeneyo emkhosini, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi azifani zonke. Kwaye kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lunomsebenzi othile ekufuneka luwenze. Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu eziphambili zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Makhe sijonge uhlobo ngalunye ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

1. IiNeutrophils: Iqela lokuqala lamajoni angene kwangoko edabini!

Ezi zezona ntlobo zininzi zeeseli ezimhlophe egazini lethu. Zenza phakathi kwe-50% kunye ne-70% yenani lilonke leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Zifana neqela lempendulo engxamisekileyo . Xa umzimba uhlaselwa ziibhaktheriya okanye iifungi, into yokuqala efika kwindawo yi-neutrophil. Zenza ntoni xa zifika? Zigquma iintsholongwane, zigqume, kwaye zitshabalalise . Le nkqubo siyibiza ngokuba yi-phagocytosis . Kufana nesicoci esincinci se-vacuum esifunxa iintsholongwane.

2. Iilymphocytes: Amajoni akrelekrele anenkumbulo!

La liqela elibaluleke kakhulu. Ii-lymphocytes zisebenza njengobukrelekrele kunye namandla akhethekileyo enkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe ngamaqela amathathu:

• Ii-B-Cells: Ezi zezona zenza iiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies . Ii-antibodies zifana nezihluthulelo. Kukho i-antibody ethile ehambelana nayo yonke intsholongwane. Ezi antibodies zinamathela kwiintsholongwane, zizenze zingasebenzi, okanye ziphawule ukuze ezinye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zikwazi ukuzitshabalalisa ngokulula. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ii-B-Cells zinememori . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba intsholongwane ebikhe yabakho ibuye, inokuyibona ngokukhawuleza kwaye yenze ii-antibodies ezihambelana nayo ngokukhawuleza. Ii-vaccines zisebenza kulo mgaqo.
• Ii-T-Cells: Ezi zezona zingena ngqo edabini. Ziyazibona kwaye zitshabalalise izinto ezifana neeseli zethu eziye zosulelwa ziintsholongwane, iiseli zomhlaza, nokunye. Ii-T-cells zikwanceda ukulawula nokuvuselela ezinye iiseli kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Iiseli Ezibulala Ngokwendalo (iiSeli ze-NK): Njengoko igama lisitsho, ezi zizidalwa ezibulala ngokusuka entliziyweni. Zinokutshabalalisa ngokukodwa iiseli ezineentsholongwane kunye neeseli zomhlaza ngaphandle kokuzibona kwangaphambili.

3. IiMonocytes: Izicoci ezinkulu kunye neengelosi!

Ezi zezona ntlobo zinkulu zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi . Xa zisuka egazini zisiya kwiithishu, ziba zii-macrophages . Igama elithi "Macrophages" lithetha "iiseli eziginya ezinkulu." Njengee-neutrophils, ziginya kwaye zicoca iintsholongwane, iiseli ezifileyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezimdaka. Kodwa zikwathwala umyalezo kwezinye iiseli zomzimba, ezifana nee-lymphocytes, othi, "Nanku utshaba luza."Oko kukuthi, kunceda ekuqaliseni impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

4. Ii-Eosinophils: Zilwa neentsholongwane kunye nee-allergies!

Ezi zisebenza ngakumbi kwizifo ezibangelwa zizinambuzane , oko kukuthi, kwizifo ezifana neempethu. Zinokubulala iintsholongwane ngokukhupha izinto ezinobuthi. Ukongeza, inani lee-eosinophils liyanda kwi- allergy reactions . Zikwachaphazela neemeko ezifana ne-asthma.

5. IiBasophils: Iimpawu Zesilumkiso!

IiBasophil zezona zincinci kakhulu kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Kodwa umsebenzi wazo ubaluleke kakhulu. Xa kuvela i-allergies, zikhupha iikhemikhali ezifana ne-histamine . I-Histamine yiyo ebangela iimpawu ezifana ne-hives, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nempumlo egobhozayo ngexesha le-allergies. Oku ngokwenene luphawu emzimbeni lokuba kukho "ingozi." Zikwakhupha into ebizwa ngokuba yi-heparin , ethintela igazi ukuba lingaqini. Ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi azingomajoni nje kuphela, kodwa liqela leengcali ezinezakhono ezahlukeneyo ezincedanayo.

Singazi njani ukuba inani leeseli zethu ezimhlophe zegazi liqhelekile?

Asinakukwazi ukubona oku ngokujonga nje. Ukuze wazi inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi . Ngokwesiqhelo, oogqirha bacebisa ukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (FBC) , okanye njengoko abanye beyibiza njalo, ukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (CBC) . Olu vavanyo lunokumisela ubungakanani bento yonke esegazini, njengeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu omdala osempilweni uneeseli ezimhlophe zegazi eziphakathi kwama-4,000 kunye nama-11,000 kwi-microliter nganye yegazi. Nangona kunjalo, eli xabiso linokwahluka kancinci kwilabhoratri nganye, kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuxhomekeke kwixesha losuku. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufuna ukwazi amaxabiso achanekileyo kwingxelo yakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liyanyuka (i-leukocytosis)? Ingaba iyingozi?

Xa inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi linyuka ngaphezu kwesiqhelo, silibiza ngokuba yi-leukocytosis . Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku. Uninzi lwexesha, ukwanda kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi luphawu lokuba umzimba wethu ulwa nento ethile. Cinga ngale ndlela. Ukuba isela lingena endlwini yakho, ubiza amapolisa. Ngaba ipolisa elinye liza? Hayi, zininzi ziyafika. Ngokufanayo, xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, imikhosi yokhuselo yomzimba, oko kukuthi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ivelisa ezinye kwaye izithumela ukuba zilwe. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubakho zokwanda kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi:

• Iintsholongwane: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ziyanda kwiintsholongwane zebhaktiriya nezevayirasi. Umzekelo, umphimbo obuhlungu, usulelo lomchamo, okanye inyumoniya .
• Ukudumba:Kwimeko apho kukho ukudumba, oko kukuthi, ukudumba kunye nokubomvu kwindawo ethile emzimbeni (umz. isifo samathambo), iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zinokwanda.
• Uxinzelelo lomzimba okanye lwengqondo: Musa ukumangaliswa kukuba, ukudinwa kakhulu, emva kotyando olukhulu, okanye ngexesha loxinzelelo olukhulu lwengqondo kunokunyusa okwethutyana inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.
• Amayeza athile: Umzekelo, xa usebenzisa amayeza afana ne -corticosteroids .
• Ukutshaya: Abantu abatshayayo badla ngokuba namanani aphezulu kancinci eeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.
• Ii-Allergy: Zinokwanda xa kukho ii-allergies ezinzima.
• Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza: I-Leukemia ngumhlaza weeseli ezivelisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Kule meko, inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liyanda ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ungoyiki ukuba ngalo lonke ixesha iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi zisanda, yi-leukemia. Ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo ukuze afumane unobangela.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ubona ukwanda kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi lakho, ngumsebenzi kagqirha ukufumanisa unobangela ochanekileyo. Ngoko ke, musa ukuzama ukuzixilonga.

Ngoko ke kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liyehla (iLeukopenia)?

Xa inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liphantsi kunesiqhelo, silibiza ngokuba yiLeukopenia . Oku kuthetha ukuba inani lamajoni emizimbeni yethu alungele ukulwa nezifo liphantsi. Oko kuthetha ukuba, amasosha ethu omzimba abuthathaka , kwaye amathuba okufumana usulelo aphezulu. Kungathi umkhosi welizwe lethu mncinane kakhulu. Emva koko, iintshaba ezivela ngaphandle zinokungena lula kweli lizwe zize zibangele umonakalo, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto, xa inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liphantsi, iintsholongwane zinokungena ngokulula emizimbeni yethu zize zibangele izifo. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zinokuba phantsi:

• Usulelo lweentsholongwane: Ezinye iintsholongwane (umz. umkhuhlane, i-dengue) zinokunciphisa okwethutyana umsebenzi womongo wethambo kwaye zinciphise ukuveliswa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.
• Iingxaki zeBone Marrow: Izifo apho umongo wethambo ungakwazi ukwenza iiseli ngokufanelekileyo (umz., i-aplastic anemia) okanye iimeko apho umongo wethambo wonakele khona.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy kunye noNyango lweMisebe: Olu nyango lungonakalisa kungekuphela nje iiseli zomhlaza, kodwa kunye neeseli eziphilileyo ezahlukana ngokukhawuleza (ezifana neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi).
• Izifo Ezizikhusela Ngokwazo: Kwezi zifo, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlasela iiseli zethu. Ngamanye amaxesha, inokuhlasela neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (umz., i-lupus).
• Izifo Ezinzima: Ngamanye amaxesha, kwisifo esinzima kakhulu (umz. , i-sepsis ), inani elikhulu leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi linokutshatyalaliswa kwaye linciphe ngokukhawuleza kunokuba zinokuveliswa.
• Amanye amayeza:Ingabangelwa zizinto ezifana neentlobo ezithile zee-antibiotics kunye namayeza athile eengqondo.
• Ukunqongophala kweevithamini kunye neeminerali: Ukunqongophala kwezinto ezifana nevithamini B12, i-folate, kunye ne-copper, ngakumbi, kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuveliswa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Umntu oneeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisezantsi unokufumana umkhuhlane rhoqo, usulelo, kunye nokuphola kancinci kwamanxeba.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha malunga neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba awunazo iimpawu, akufuneki ukhathazeke ngeeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba ufumana usulelo rhoqo: Ukuba uhlala ufumana izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu.
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongapheliyo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuba uziva udiniwe kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuba unciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuba une-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wakho.
• Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi lubonisa ukubala kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi okungaqhelekanga , qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze akuchazele ngako.

Khumbula, ezi mpawu zinokuba zezinye izifo ezininzi. Ngoko ke, musa ukwenza uxilongo ngokusekelwe koko ukufundileyo kwi-intanethi. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kunye nonyango.

Singenza ntoni ukuze sigcine iiseli zethu ezimhlophe zegazi ziphilile?

Ekubeni iiseli zethu ezimhlophe zegazi ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba, izinto ezifanayo esizenzayo ukugcina inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba iqinile nazo zilungile kwimpilo yeeseli zethu ezimhlophe zegazi.

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Yitya ukutya okunempilo okuquka imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, iinkozo, kunye neeproteni (intlanzi, inyama, amaqanda, ubisi, amandongomane). Iivithamini kunye neeminerali ezivela kwezi zinto zibalulekile ekuvelisweni kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye nomsebenzi wazo.
• Lala ngokwaneleyo: Ukulala kakuhle iiyure ezisi-7-8 ngosuku kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Lawula uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lunokwenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Unganciphisa uxinzelelo ngezinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, kunye nezinto ozithandayo.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukwenza umthambo obilayo ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 imihla ngemihla kunceda ekuqiniseni amasosha omzimba wakho.
• Lumka ucoceko: Ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo nokutya ukutya okucocekileyo kunokunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko weentsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Fumana iiGonyo ngexesha: IiGonyo zinokukhusela kwiintsholongwane ezinzulu.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo, unokunceda iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi zenze umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo.

Yeyiphi eyona nto ibalulekileyo esifanele siyithathele ekhaya kweli bali?

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ngamazwi alula, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ngamajoni okuzikhusela emizimbeni yethu. Ngaphandle kwazo, asinakukwazi ukulwa nezifo.
• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lunomsebenzi othile.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi (FBC/CBC) lunokumisela inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.
• Ukwanda (i-leukocytosis) okanye ukuncipha (i-leukopenia) kwinani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye ziqhelekile, ngelixa ezinye ziyinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezingaqhelekanga okanye utshintsho kuvavanyo lwegazi , qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kagqirha .
• Ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunokugcina iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi, kwaye ngazo, yonke inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela, inamandla.

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyazi ezi zikhuselo zincinci, kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Luxanduva lwakho ukuzinyamekela kakuhle! Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe, iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe, i-WBC, ukungakwazi ukuzikhusela, izifo, i-Leukocytosis, i-Leukopenia