Uhlala udiniwe? Umhlophe qhwa? Mhlawumbi yi-anemia!

Ngaba nawe uziva udiniwe kwaye udiniwe nje imini yonke ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ngaba uziva unesizungu xa uhamba kancinci okanye unyuka izinyuko ? Xa uzijonga esipilini, ngaba ubuso bakho nemilebe yakho zibonakala zimhlophe? Ezi zizinto esihlala sizityeshela, sicinga ukuba, "Mhlawumbi kungenxa yomsebenzi omninzi." Kodwa ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokungabikho kwegazi emzimbeni wakho, nto leyo esiyibiza ngokuba yi-anemia ngokwezonyango. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-anemia?

Ngamafutshane, i-anemia kukuncipha kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini lakho. Oku kuboniswa njengexabiso eliphantsi le-hemoglobin okanye i-hematocrit kwingxelo yovavanyo lwegazi.

Cinga ngale ndlela, ezi seli zibomvu zegazi zifana nenkonzo yokuhambisa ioksijini ethwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu. Umthwalo ophambili kuloo nqwelo yokuhambisa, oko kukuthi, iproteni ethwala ioksijini, ubizwa ngokuba yihemoglobin. Ngoko ke ukuba une-anemia, inqanaba lale hemoglobin egazini lakho nalo liphantsi. Ukuba iyancipha kakhulu, izicubu zakho kunye namalungu omzimba (umz. intliziyo , ubuchopho, izintso) azifumani umlinganiselo weoksijini eziyidingayo. Yiyo loo nto uqala ukufumana iimpawu ezifana nokudinwa kunye nokuphefumla kancinci .

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu azibonakali kangako kangangokuba usenokungaziboni. Kodwa njengoko inani legazi lakho lihla, iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala. Jonga ukuba unazo na ezi mpawu.

Ngaba i-anemia ingabulala?

Le yingxaki enabantu abaninzi. Akuqhelekanga ukuba umntu afe ngenxa ye-anemia. Izinto ezinjalo zinokwenzeka kuphela xa kukho izifo ezinzulu zemfuza (umz. i-thalassemia, i-sickle cell anemia), ukuba kukho ukopha okuninzi kwingozi, okanye xa kukho iimeko ezinzulu zempilo ezifana neminye imidla. I-anemia eqhelekileyo yimeko enokunyangwa ngokulula ngonyango.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-anemia?

Nangona kukho iintlobo ze-anemia ezingaphezu kwama-400, zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili.

1. Ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi emzimbeni

Oku kungaba kukuphuma kwegazi ngequbuliso, okukhulu, okanye kungenzeka kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha ungakhange uqonde.

• Iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya: izilonda zesisu, ii-hemorrhoids, i-gastritis.
• Ezinye izithomalalisi zentlungu: Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza afana ne-Aspirin kunye ne-Ibuprofen kunokubangela izilonda zesisu kunye nokopha.
• Ucoceko lwabasetyhini lokuya exesheni: Ingakumbi ukuba kukho ukopha okukhulu ngexesha lokuya exesheni (iinyanga ezinzima).

2. Ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi okunciphileyo okanye okungenaziphene

Okwenzekayo koku kukuba imizimba yethu ayikwazi ukuvelisa ubungakanani obufunekayo beeseli ezibomvu zegazi.

• I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron: Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo ehlabathini. I-iron ibalulekile kwi-bone marrow yethu ukuze ivelise i-hemoglobin. Ibangelwa zizinto ezifana nokungafumani i-iron eyaneleyo ekutyeni (ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, abantu abatya imifuno), kunye nokukhulelwa.
• I-anemia yokunqongophala kweevithamini: I-Vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate ziivithamini ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ekwenzeni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukunqongophala kwezi vithamini kunokubangela i-anemia.
• Izifo zomongo wethambo: Kwiimeko ezifana ne-aplastic anemia, umongo wethambo awukwazi ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.
• I-Thalassemia kunye ne-Sickle cell anemia: Ezi zizifo zemfuza, oko kukuthi izifo ezizuzwe njengelifa, ezibangela ukwakheka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezineengxaki.

3. Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi

Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hemolytic anemia. Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi ziqhekeka zize zitshatyalaliswe ngaphambi kokuba ziphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Oku kunokubangelwa zizifo ezithile, amayeza, kunye neengxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Ugqirha uyixilonga aze ayinyange njani le nto?

Ukuba uneempawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha . Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole.

Emva koko, ukuze ufumane ukuba unayo na i-anemia, uza kucelwa ukuba wenze i-complete blood count (CBC) . Oku kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-FBC (Full Blood Count). Oku kunokujonga izinto ezininzi ezifana nenqanaba le-hemoglobin egazini lakho kunye nenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-anemia onayo.

• Ukuba kungenxa yokungabikho kwe-iron , ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uthathe izongezo ze-iron kwaye utye ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron (iimbotyi, ispinatshi, inyama ebomvu, amaqanda, i-soy).
• Ukuba kungenxa yokunqongophala kweevithamini , kuya kunikwa iipilisi zevithamini B12 okanye i-folic acid.
• Ukuba kungenxa yesinye isizathu esinzulu, uza kuthunyelwa kunyango oluthile olunxulumene neso sizathu (umz. utofelo-gazi).

Ngaba kufuneka ukhathazeke ngokukodwa nge-anemia ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umthamo wegazi likamama uyanda malunga ne-20% - 30%. Kwakhona, ukukhula komntwana esibelekweni kufuna isixa esikhulu sesinyithi. Ngenxa yoku, umngcipheko we-anemia koomama abakhulelweyo uphezulu kakhulu.

• Nangona i-anemia encinci ngexesha lokukhulelwa ixhaphakile, ukuba iba nkulu kakhulu, kukho umngcipheko wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi komntwana.
• Kwakhona, kunokubakho umngcipheko wokopha kakhulu ngexesha lokubeleka kunye nokuncipha kwamandla okulwa nosulelo.

Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela iipilisi zesinyithi kunye neevithamini (ingakumbi i-folic acid) ezibonelelwa yikliniki yezempilo yosapho njengoko kuchaziwe.