Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba ezinye zezinto esizisebenzisayo yonke imihla, ezifana nokupakishwa kokutya kunye neempahla, zinokuba zifihla iikhemikhali eziyingozi emizimbeni yethu, kodwa singazinaki kangako? Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-PFAS. Abanye bazibiza ngokuba 'ziikhemikhali ezingunaphakade'. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngezinto ezi zi-PFAS, indlela ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yethu, kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela kuzo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Zithini ezi 'khemikhali ezihlala zikho' (PFAS)?
Ngamafutshane, i-PFAS (i-Perfluoroalkyl kunye ne-Polyfluoroalkyl Substances) liqela leekhemikhali ezenziwe ngabantu. Zinamandla amangalisayo okugxotha izinto ezinje ngamanzi, ioyile, kunye nothuli. Oko kukuthi, amanzi kunye neoyile azinamatheli kumphezulu onazo. Njengethontsi lamanzi kwigqabi le-lotus.
Ngenxa yale mpawu, abavelisi basebenzisa le khemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yiPFAS kwizinto ezininzi. Cinga ngepani enganamatheliyo oyisebenzisa ekhitshini. Kungenxa yale khemikhali ukuba ukutya akunamatheli kuyo. Kwakhona:
- Impahla engangeni manzi
- Iikhaphethi kunye neesofa ezingatshiyo
- Iphepha elingasebenzisi mafutha
- Ezinye iintlobo zezimonyo (izithambiso)
- Igwebu lokucima umlilo
Kukho isizathu sokuba zibizwe ngokuba 'ziikhemikhali ezingunaphakade'. Kungenxa yokuba ezi khemikhali aziqhekeki lula kwindawo esingqongileyo okanye emizimbeni yethu . Zihlala zinjalo kangangeminyaka, kwanamashumi eminyaka. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, izazinzulu zicinga ukuba zinokuqokelelana kancinci kancinci kwindawo esingqongileyo nasemizimbeni yethu, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki zempilo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
I-PFAS iyichaphazela njani imizimba yethu? (Iingozi zempilo)
Ezi PFAS, ezingena emizimbeni yethu ngamanzi esiwaselayo nokutya esikutyayo, azisuswa lula, ngoko ke ziyaqokelelana emzimbeni. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu ePFAS emzimbeni anokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo. Kodwa khumbula, uphando ngezi zinto lusaqhubeka.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu ochaphazeleka yiPFAS oza kuba nezi zifo. Kodwa umngcipheko unokwanda. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeengozi ezinkulu zempilo ezinokubangelwa yi-PFAS.
| Inkqubo/ilungu elichaphazelekayo | Ingxaki enokwenzeka yempilo |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba le-cholesterol | Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-cholesterol emzimbeni. |
| Ukukhulelwa kunye nabantwana | Umngcipheko wokukhula okulibazisekileyo kosana olungekazalwa, ubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa, ukutyeba kakhulu ebuntwaneni, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa (i-preeclampsia). |
| Inkqubo yomzimba | Ubuthathaka benkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithi yokugonya kuncipha. |
| Umngcipheko womhlaza | Umngcipheko okhulayo womhlaza wezintso, weprostate, kunye nowamasende. |
| Ezinye iziphumo | Iimeko ezifana nesifo se-thyroid, umonakalo wesibindi, ukuncipha kokuzala, kunye ne-ulcerative colitis. |
Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi koxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu?
Ewe, ezinye izifundo zibonise unxibelelwano phakathi kwePFAS kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Kufunyenwe ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu ePFAS anxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu woxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ingakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini abakwiminyaka ephakathi kunye noomama abakhulelweyo.
I-PFAS ingena njani emizimbeni yethu?
Zininzi iindlela le khemikhali enokungena ngazo emizimbeni yethu. Ukuba siyazi oku, singanciphisa ukuvezwa kwethu.
- Amanzi okusela: Eyona ndlela iphambili yokuchatshazelwa ngamanzi okusela angcoliswe yiPFAS. Iindawo ezikufutshane neefektri kunye neendawo zoqeqesho lokucima umlilo zisengozini enkulu yokungcoliswa ngamanzi.
- Ukutya: Ngokusebenzisa imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neemveliso zezilwanyana ezifana nenyama nobisi olukhuliswe kumhlaba okanye emanzini angcoliswe yiPFAS. Ingakumbi ngokutya iintlanzi ezikwiindawo zokugcina ukutya ezingcolisiweyo.
- Ukupakisha ukutya: I-PFAS ekwiiphakheji ezimelana neoyile namanzi, ezifana neebhokisi zokutya ezithathwayo kunye neengxowa zepopcorn ze-microwave, inokufakwa ekutyeni.
- Iimveliso zasekhaya: I-PFAS inokukhululwa xa umphezulu wezinto zokupheka ezinganamatheliyo ukrwelwa. Kwakhona, ngokuphefumla amasuntswana othuli avela kwiikhaphethi nakwifenitshala athintela amabala.
- Ezinye iimveliso zobuhle: Ezinye iziseko, iimascara ezingangeni manzi, kunye neepolishi zeenzipho nazo zinokuba nePFAS.
Ungazikhusela njani kwezi PFAS?
Kunzima ukuziphepha ngokupheleleyo ezi khemikhali, njengoko ngoku zixhaphake kakhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, singakunciphisa kakhulu ukubonakaliswa kwethu.
1. Lumka ngamanzi akho okusela: Ukuba usebenzisa amanzi avela kumthombo wamanzi kawonke-wonke, jonga ingxelo yomgangatho wamanzi kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Ukuba amanzi akho anamazinga aphezulu e-PFAS, licebo elihle ukusebenzisa isihluzo samanzi esiqinisekisiweyo. Xa ungaqinisekanga, kukhuselekile ukuwasela nokupheka ngamanzi asebhotileni.
2. Lumka xa usebenzisa izitya zokupheka ezinganamatheliyo: Ukuba ipani yakho enganamatheliyo inemikrwelo okanye imifantu kumphezulu wayo, kungcono uyilahle uze utshintshele kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo, intsimbi ephoswe ngesinyithi, okanye izitya zokupheka zeseramikhi. Ukuba usebenzisa izitya zokupheka ezinganamatheliyo, kuphephe ukupheka kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
3. Cinga ngokupakishwa kokutya: Nciphisa ukutya okuthathwayo kunye nokutya okukhawulezayo kangangoko unako. Ukutya okuphekiweyo ekhaya kusoloko kunempilo. Kuphephe ukufudumeza ukutya okuvela evenkileni kwiphakheji efanayo.
4. Gcina ikhaya lakho licocekile: I-PFAS inokuqokelelana eluthulini lwasekhaya, ngoko ke hlamba indlu yakho rhoqo uze uyisule ngelaphu elifumileyo.
5. Funda iilebheli zemveliso: Ukuba imveliso inamagama anjengelithi “PTFE” okanye “fluoro” kuluhlu lwezithako zayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba iqulethe iPFAS. Khetha iimveliso ezibhalwe “ezingenaPFAS.”
Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo okanye iingxaki malunga noku, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho (ugqirha) ukuze akunike ingcebiso . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukuba nomntwana.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-PFAS luhlobo 'lweekhemikhali ezihlala zihleli.' Aziqhekeki lula kwindawo esingqongileyo okanye emizimbeni yethu.
- Ezi zinto zinokungena emizimbeni yethu ngezitya zokupheka ezinganamatheliyo, iimpahla ezingangeni manzi, ukupakishwa kokutya, kunye namanzi angcolileyo.
- Ukuvezwa kwi-PFAS ixesha elide kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezifana nokwanda kwe-cholesterol, umngcipheko womhlaza, kunye nokuncipha komzimba.
- Ukuvezwa kungancitshiswa ngokuthintela izitya zokupheka ezinganamatheliyo ezikrwelayo, ukusebenzisa izihluzi zamanzi eziqinisekisiweyo, kunye nokunciphisa ukutya okukhawulezayo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nempilo yakho, ungalibazisi kwaye udibane nogqirha wakho.
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