Ngaba wakha weva ngesihlobo okanye umhlobo owayekwiyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu (ICU) efumana "usulelo olufunyenwe esibhedlele"? Ngamanye amaxesha kungenxa yohlobo lwebhaktheriya esithetha ngayo, enganyangekiyo kumayeza amaninzi kwaye iyingozi kancinci. Nangona le bhaktheriya idla ngokungabangeli ngxaki ingako kubantu abaphilileyo, inokuba yingozi enkulu kumntu olaliswe esibhedlele kwaye enenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-Acinetobacter baumannii?
Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo lweebhaktheriya. Zininzi kakhulu kwindawo ezingqongileyo, ingakumbi emhlabeni nasemanzini. Kuvavanyo lwelabhoratri, le bhaktheriya ihlelwa njenge-"Gram-negative". Oko kuthetha ukuba ibukeka ipinki xa idaywe ngedayi ethile. Nangona oko kusenokungabalulekanga kuthi, kubalulekile koogqirha.
Kodwa esona sizathu sokuba sonke soyike le ntsholongwane kukuba inamandla amangalisayo. Oko kukukwazi kwayo ukumelana neentsholongwane . Siyazi ukuba xa sinosulelo lwebhaktiriya, ugqirha usinika iintsholongwane. Kodwa le ntsholongwane, i-Acinetobacter baumannii, ifumene iindlela zokuxhathisa iintsholongwane ezininzi. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukumelana neentsholongwane ezininzi. Kufana nokwakha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-bunkers zokuzimela xa kufika utshaba. Ke ngoko, oogqirha kufuneka bajongane nomngeni omkhulu wokunyanga izifo ezibangelwa yile ntsholongwane.
Isasazeka njani le ntsholongwane? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Olu sulelo lwebhaktiriya alufumaneki lula kubantu abaninzi ngaphandle kwesibhedlele. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha lunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesibhedlele kubantu abanesifo seswekile, isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga, okanye inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka.
Kodwa eyona ngozi inkulu ikwizigulane ezibhedlele, ingakumbi ezo zigula kakhulu. Cinga ngoku: Umntu okwimeko efana nale unamathuba amaninzi okufumana olu sulelo:
- Abo bafumana unyango kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU).
- Abantu abaqhagamshelwe kwiiventilators.
- Abantu abanee-catheter zomchamo okanye ii-catheter zemithambo yegazi.
- Abantu abasele belele esibhedlele ixesha elide.
- Abantu abaneenxeba ezivulekileyo zotyando.
Iindlela eziphambili zokusasazeka kolu sulelo kukusebenzisa izandla zabasebenzi basesibhedlele, ngokuchukumisa isigulana esosulelekileyo, ngamathontsi angena emoyeni xa umntu osulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, nangezixhobo zonyango ezingacocwanga kakuhle.
Le ntsholongwane ingaphila ixesha elide kwiindawo ezifana nezixhobo zesibhedlele kunye neebhedi. Yiyo loo nto izinto ezinje ngococeko ezibhedlele kunye nokuhlamba izandla ngabasebenzi zibaluleke kakhulu.
Kwane-World Health Organization (WHO) ifake le ntsholongwane ethi `Acinetobacter baumannii` phakathi kwebhaktheriya eziyingozi kakhulu eluntwini. Isizathu soku kukukwazi kwayo ukumelana namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
Zithini iimpawu zale ntsholongwane?
Iimpawu zixhomekeke ekubeni leliphi ilungu lomzimba elisulelweyo yibhaktheriya. Umzekelo, ukuba imiphunga isulelekile, akuyi kubakho zimpawu, kodwa ukuba ingqondo isulelekile, kuya kubakho.
Masicacise oku ngakumbi ngetheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo losulelo | Inkcazo kunye neempawu |
|---|---|
| I-pneumonia efunyenwe esibhedlele | Olu lolona sulelo luqhelekileyo olubangelwa yile ntsholongwane. Lunokwenzeka ngakumbi kubantu abakwi-ICU okanye abasebenzisa ii-ventilators. Iimpawu: umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, iintlungu zesifuba, kunye nokubanda. |
| Usulelo lwegazi (Usulelo lwegazi / iSepsis) | Iintsholongwane zingena egazini zize zisasazeke emzimbeni wonke. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Kwi-ICU, umngcipheko wokufa ngenxa yosulelo olunjalo umalunga ne-30%-40%. Iimpawu: Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukugodola, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokudideka. |
| Usulelo lwenkqubo ye-nervous central | I-Meningitis, usulelo lwee-membranes ezigqume ubuchopho, lunokwenzeka, ingakumbi emva kotyando lobuchopho. Iimpawu ziquka umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukuxhuzula, intamo eqinileyo, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nokungakwazi ukujonga izibane ezikhanyayo. |
| Ezinye izifo | Usulelo lomchamo, usulelo lwamathambo, usulelo lolusu kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo, usulelo lwamanxeba, kunye nosulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo (endocarditis) nazo zinokwenzeka. |
Iphathwa njani le nto?
Lo ngowona mceli mngeni mkhulu. Ngenxa yokuba le ntsholongwane iyakwazi ukumelana neentsholongwane ezininzi, kunzima kakhulu koogqirha ukukhetha unyango.
Oku kwenzeka rhoqo:
Xa ugqirha wakho ekrokrela ukuba kukho usulelo, uza kuthatha isampuli (umz. igazi, i-phlegm, okanye ulwelo oluvela kwinxeba) kwindawo enesifo aze aluthumele kwilebhu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo "lwenkcubeko".
Kodwa kuthatha iintsuku ezininzi ukuba iziphumo zaloo "culture" zibuye. Ukuba isigulana sigula kakhulu, awukwazi kulinda ezo ziphumo. Ngoko ke ugqirha uqala unyango ngokusekelwe kuqikelelo lwakhe , ngokusekelwe kumava akhe ngeentlobo zeebhaktheriya eziqhelekileyo esibhedlele kunye nokuba zeziphi ii-antibiotics eziye zaphumelela kutshanje.
Xa ingxelo yenkcubeko ifika kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, iya kuchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba zeziphi iibhaktheriya ezibangela usulelo, zeziphi ii-antibiotics ezisebenzayo, kwaye zeziphi ii-antibiotics ezingasebenziyo. Ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba atshintshe okanye angatshintshi unyango oluqalwe ngaphambili ngokusekelwe kuloo ngxelo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, le ntsholongwane ayixhathisi kwiintsholongwane ezinamandla kakhulu, "zokugqibela" ezifana ne-"carbapenem". Kwimeko ezinjalo, unyango luba nzima kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kwiimeko ezinjalo, shiya isigqibo sonyango kugqirha wakho ngokupheleleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Acinetobacter baumannii lusulelo olukhulu lwebhaktheriya olumelana neentsholongwane ezininzi kwaye lusasazeka kakhulu ezibhedlele.
- Umngcipheko ophezulu ngowabantu abagula kakhulu abakwiiyunithi zokhathalelo oluphezulu (ii-ICU), abo bakwii-ventilators, abo banamanxeba otyando, kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka.
- Iimpawu zixhomekeke kwinxalenye yomzimba eyosulelekileyo (imiphunga, igazi, ubuchopho, njl.njl.).
- Unyango luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye kufuneka lulawulwe ngugqirha wakho ngokusekelwe kwiingxelo zovavanyo lwelebhu.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha olu sulelo kukulandela ngokungqongqo iindlela ezifanelekileyo zococeko ezibhedlele (ingakumbi ukuhlamba izandla ngabasebenzi).
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