Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokunganyamezelani nengqolowa? Makhe sithethe ngayo!

Ngaba wakha waziva ungaqhelekanga okanye ungakhululekanga emva kokutya ukutya okwenziwe ngomgubo wengqolowa, mhlawumbi isonka, iqhekeza lekhekhe, okanye isonka? Mhlawumbi unerhashalala eluswini, isisu esibuhlungu, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla. Ezi zinto azikho nje into eyenzeka kuwe, kodwa zinokuba zibangelwa kukunganyamezelani nengqolowa . Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kulungile?

Yintoni i-Allergy yengqolowa?

Ngamafutshane, i-allergy yengqolowa kukusabela kakhulu kwenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela kwingqolowa ekutyeni esikutyayo nesikuselayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nakwizinto esiziphefumlayo. Cinga ngayo, ingqolowa idla ngokuba yingozi kwaye inesondlo kubantu abaninzi. Kodwa ukuba une-allergy yengqolowa, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho, inkqubo yokuzikhusela, iphatha ingqolowa ngokungathi "ingumhlaseli," njengebhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane. Kulapho ezi mpawu zibonakala khona.

Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi ebomini . Ingakumbi iimpawu eziqatha ze-allergy ezifana nokudumba komqala kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, sikubiza ngokuba yi-'(Anaphylaxis)', ukuba kwenzeka into efana naleyo, kufuneka uye esibhedlele esikufutshane okanye utsalele umnxeba inkonzo ye-ambulensi engxamisekileyo efana no-1990. Akulunganga ukuyilibazisa.

Ichaphazela bani le meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

Enyanisweni, nabani na unokuba ne-allergy yengqolowa. Kodwa ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho une-allergies, nawe unokuba ne-allergy . Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba umama wakho, utata, abantakwenu, okanye amanye amalungu osapho lwakho ane-allergies yothuli, ukutya, okanye ezinye izinto, unokuba ne-allergy kwizinto ezifana nengqolowa.

Ngokuphathelele indlela oku kuxhaphake ngayo, izifundo zibonisa ukuba phakathi kwe-0.2% kunye ne-1.3% yabemi behlabathi bane-allergy yengqolowa. E-United States, malunga ne-0.4% yabantwana banayo. Nangona kungekho zibalo zichanekileyo zokuba ixhaphake kangakanani kwilizwe lethu, le meko inokubonwa naphakathi kwethu. Ibonakala rhoqo, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana abancinci.

I-allergy yengqolowa ichaphazela njani umzimba?

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili amasosha omzimba wethu asabela ngazo kwi-allergy yengqolowa.

1. Impendulo enxulumene ne-Immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Le yeyona mpendulo ixhaphakileyo. Xa usitya okanye uphefumla into equlethe ingqolowa, umzimba wakho wenza uhlobo lwe-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Immunoglobulin E)` okanye `(IgE)`. La ma-antibodies e-`(IgE)` ngawo aqala i-allergy.

Ezi mpendulo ze-`(IgE)` zihlala ziqala kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokutya ingqolowa . Ngamanye amaxesha zinokulibaziseka ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezine. Eyona nxalenye iyingozi kakhulu koku kukuba inokukhokelela kwimpendulo enzima, esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Anaphylaxis).`

2. Impendulo engeyiyo eye-IgE

Oku kuquka nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kodwa ii-antibodies ze-`(IgE)` azibandakanyeki. Le mpendulo yenzeka kancinci kune-`(IgE)` ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-48 ukuba iimpawu zibonakale.

Imizekelo yeendlela ezinjalo zokuvakalelwa zezi `(Eosinophilic esophagitis - EoE)` (apho umbhobho osuka emlonyeni wethu uye esiswini sethu, umqala, uvuvukala) kunye `(Eosinophilic gastritis - EG)` (apho iindonga zesisu zivuvukala). Ezi ziimeko ezinzima ngakumbi.

Zithini iimpawu zokunganyamezelani nengqolowa?

Kulungile, masibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu. Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu , kwaye zinokwahluka nangobunzima . Ezinye zinokuba nazo kancinci ngelixa ezinye zinokuba nazo zonke ngaxeshanye.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezibonakalayo zezi:

• Iimpawu zolusu:
• Iimpundu okanye i-urticaria (ukurhawuzelela okurhawuzelayo)
• Ukudumba, ingakumbi imilebe, ulwimi, nobuso
• Ukuba nerhashalala elukhumbeni
• Iimpawu zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya:
• Ukuqaqamba kwesisu
• Ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya, ukudumba
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Urhudo
• Iimpawu zesistim sokuphefumla:
• Impumlo exineneyo
• Impumlo enemifinya
• Ukuthimla
• Ukuphefumla
• Ezinye iimpawu:
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukudumba
• Kwaye, imeko eyingozi kakhulu esakha sathetha ngayo yi-"Anaphylaxis"

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqatha ze-anaphylaxis?

Le yinto ekufuneka uyilumkele kakhulu . Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza .

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
• Ubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia)
• Ukuqina kwesifuba
• Ukuziva unetyala okanye uloyiko
• Ukwehla ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi (hypotension), okuhambisana nokubetha kwentliziyo okubuthathaka kunye nexhala
• Ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo
• Umothuko
• Ndiziva ndityhafile ngequbuliso
• Ukudinwa , ukulahlekelwa zingqondo (syncope)
• Ukudumba kobuso, ulwimi, nomqala
• Ukuphefumla, ukukhohlela
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu
• Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo

Kubalulekile: Ezi mpawu ze-`(Anaphylaxis)` yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

Ziyavela emva kwexesha elingakanani iimpawu emva kokutya ingqolowa?

Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu be-allergy yakho.

Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokutya ingqolowa . Kwabanye, kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-48.Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zisenokungabonakali okwangoku, ngoko ke kunzima ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba iimpawu ziya kuvela nini.

Yintoni ebangela ukunganyamezelani nengqolowa?

Eyona nto ibangela le allergy ziiproteni ezithile ezifumaneka kwingqolowa. Inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba isabela kakhulu kwezi proteni. Kukho iintlobo ezine zezi proteni:

• I-Albumin
• IGliadin
• I-Globulin
• I-Gluten (ewe, yiloo nto uyivileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-gluten)

Ingaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ngequbuliso ube ne-aleji kwingqolowa?

Ewe, kunokwenzeka. Ngokukodwa, iimpendulo ezinxulumene ne-`(IgE)` zinokuvela ngequbuliso, nokuba usemncinci. Kwelinye icala, iimpendulo ezinxulumene ne-`(Non-IgE)` zinokubonakala zibonakala kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha, ingakumbi de kube kufunyenwe uxilongo oluchanekileyo.

Ingaba i-aleji yengqolowa iyosulela?

Hayi, akunjalo konke konke . I-allergy yengqolowa ayosuleli. Awunakuyisasaza komnye umntu kuba nje unayo.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-aleji yengqolowa? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-allergy yengqolowa, kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha we-allergy . Unokwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa oku.

Ugqirha angakubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sokunganyamezelani nengqolowa okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela ukunganyamezelani nengqolowa?
• Ngaba wakha waba ne-allergies kwezinye iintlobo zokutya ngaphambili?
• Zithini iimpawu zakho?
• Ngaba usebenzisa amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha kwezi mpawu?
• Ezi mpawu ziqale nini ukubonakala?
• Ngaba ugcina ijenali yokutya?

Emva koko, ugqirha angenza iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

1. Uvavanyo lokuhlaba ulusu

Okwenzekayo kukuba iprotheyini yengqolowa encinci kakhulu ifakwa eluswini lwakho.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ucoca ulusu olungalweni okanye emqolo, ufake ithontsi leprotheyini yengqolowa elulwelo eluswini, uze ukrwele ulusu kancinci ngenaliti encinci. Oku akubuhlungu kakhulu, kuvakala ngathi kukukrwela kancinci. Akukho kuphuma kwegazi.

Ukuba une-allergy yengqolowa, kwimizuzu eli-15 indawo iya kuba bomvu ize ivuvuke kancinci, njengokulunywa yingcongconi. Ugqirha uya kulinganisa ubungakanani bokudumba.

2. Uvavanyo lwegazi (uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-IgE)

Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yegazi kuwe uze uyithumele kwilebhu. Le lebhu ilinganisa ubungakanani bee-antibodies ze-"IgE" ezichasene neeproteni zengqolowa egazini lakho.

Kungathatha malunga neveki ukuba iziphumo zifike.

3. Umngeni womlomo ovavanyiweyo ngokwamanqanaba

Ukuba iimvavanyo ezimbini ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla azifikeleli kwisigqibo esicacileyo, ugqirha angenza olu vavanyo.

Oku kwenzeka phantsi kweliso likagqirha .Uza kunikwa ukutya okuncinci kakhulu okunengqolowa, uqale ngomlinganiselo omncinci. Yandisa kancinci kancinci uze ubone ukuba umzimba wakho usabela njani.

Kodwa olu vavanyo lwenziwa kuphela xa ungenawo umngcipheko wokuba ne-allergy enzima. Oku kungathatha malunga neeyure ezine.

Ngaba ukungezwani nengqolowa kunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Inyaniso kukuba, uninzi lwexesha akunjalo . Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi. Malunga nama-66% abantwana bayayishiya le meko njengoko bekhula .

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula oku kukuphepha ukutya ukutya okunengqolowa . Kumazwe afana ne-United States, kukho umthetho othi ukuba iipakethe zokutya zinengqolowa, kufuneka zibhalwe kwileyibhile. Kwilizwe lethu, oku kudla ngokuba njalo.

Kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:

• Izinto ezingezizo zokutya: Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto zokudlala zabantwana ezifana nePlay-Doh®, ezinye iimveliso zokuthambisa, kwanezinto zokuhlamba ezifana nesepha kunye ne-toothpaste zinokuba nengqolowa. Ezi zinto ezingezizo zokutya zisenokungabhalwanga ngokuthi 'ziqulethe ingqolowa' kwiileyibhile zazo. Ngoko ke ukuba unamathandabuzo, kungcono ukujonga iwebhusayithi yomenzi okanye utsalele umnxeba inkonzo yabathengi babo.
• Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanayo: Kwezinye iifektri, ukutya okungenangqolowa kunokwenziwa kumatshini ofanayo owenza ukutya okusekwe kwingqolowa. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ingqolowa encinci ingangena kwezinye ukutya. Ngoko ke jonga ilebhile ukuze ufumane into efana nokuthi "Yenziwe kwizixhobo ezabelwana ngazo nengqolowa."

Ukuba une-allergy yengqolowa, zeziphi ukutya omele uziphephe?

Kukho ukutya okuninzi neziselo ezineprotheyini yengqolowa okanye yengqolowa. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Iimveliso zebhaka ezifana nesonka, iibhanisi, iikeyiki, iikuki, iimuffins
• Iinkozo zesidlo sakusasa
• Umzala
• Ezinye iintlobo zeesoseji (iiHot dogs)
• Ezinye iziselo ezityiweyo
• Iintlobo zepasta kunye neenoodles
• Intlama yepizza
• I-Seitan (into ethatha indawo yenyama eyenziwe nge-gluten yengqolowa)
• Ibhiya yengqolowa
• Zonke iintlobo zomgubo wengqolowa (olungele zonke iinjongo, otyetyisiweyo, i-pastry, i-steel ground, i-stone ground njl.njl.)

Khumbula, olu luhlu aluphelelanga. Soloko ujonge ileyibhile ngaphambi kokuba utye nantoni na ongaqinisekiyo ngayo.

Ngawaphi amayeza okulwa nokwaliwa yingqolowa?

Ukuba une-allergy encinci okanye ephakathi, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ii-antihistamines okanye ii-corticosteroids ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho.

Kodwa ukuba une -allergy enkulu yengqolowa , oko kuthetha ukuba unokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"anaphylaxis," ugqirha wakho unokukunika inaliti ye-epinephrine., umzekelo, `(EpiPen®)`, kuthiwa igcinwa kufutshane ngamaxesha onke. Oku kunokulawula ngokukhawuleza iimpawu ze `(Anaphylaxis).` Le injector ilingana nobukhulu bepeni enkulu yokuphawula. Ukuba ngempazamo utye into equlethe ingqolowa, idla ngokutofelwa ngasemva kwethanga. Kungumbono olungileyo ukugcina iinjection ezimbini ezinjalo kufutshane ngamaxesha onke.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-adrenaline injections?

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokwenzeka xa ufumana inaliti ye-adrenaline:

• Ixhala
• Isiyezi
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukubila okwandileyo
• Isicaphucaphu
• Isantya sentliziyo esibalekayo

Nangona kunjalo, xa uthatha oku xa une-allergy reaction, uya kuqala ukuziva ukhululekile ngokukhawuleza.

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva kokuthatha iyeza?

• Ii-antihistamines ziqala ukusebenza kwimizuzu engama-30, kwaye zisebenza kakhulu kwiiyure ezimbalwa zokuqala.
• Ii-corticosteroids zihlala ziqala ukusebenza kwisithuba seyure enye.
• Inaliti ye-adrenaline iqala ukusebenza kwangoko emva kokuba ifakiwe.

Ngaba i-aleji yengqolowa ingathintelwa?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-allergy kukuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukutya nokusebenzisa izinto ezinengqolowa .

Soloko ufunda ngononophelo ilebheli yezithako ezikwiipakethe zokutya . Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngento ethile, kulungile ukungayisebenzisi ude uyiqinisekise kumenzi wayo.

Ungaphila njani ne-allergy yengqolowa?

Ukuphila ne-aleji yengqolowa kunokuba nzima. Iimpawu zinokufika ziphele, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba nzima kakhulu. Kwaye awunakuqikelela ukuba umzimba wakho uza kusabela njani.

Kodwa, ukuba ulumkile, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobonwabisayo . Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluluncedo, amaqela enkxaso, kunye neengcali zokutya. Banokukunceda uhlengahlengise indlela otya ngayo imihla ngemihla.

Abantwana banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-aleji yengqolowa kunabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-80% yabantwana bayakhula xa beneminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Ziindaba ezimnandi ezo, akunjalo?

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokunganyamezelani nengqolowa rhoqo, okanye ukuba uqaphela ukuba ezi mpawu zenzeka emva kokutya into enengqolowa, bonana nogqirha .

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uqala ukuba neempawu ze-`(Anaphylaxis)` (iimpawu ezinzima esizixubushileyo ngaphambili), yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-911.

Ndingayibuza ntoni ugqirha?

Xa ubona ugqirha wakho, ungambuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Uyabona njani kanye kanye ukuba ndinayo i-allergy yengqolowa?
• Ngaba ndine-allergy encinci, ephakathi, okanye enzima?
• Ucebisa uhlobo luni lweyeza?
• Luthini uluhlu olupheleleyo lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zala mayeza?
• Ngaba kukho amaqela enkxaso kubantu abane-allergies zengqolowa okanye kubazali babantwana abane-allergies ezinjalo?
• Ungacebisa ingcali yokutya elungileyo?

Ngaba i-allergy yengqolowa kunye ne-gluten allergy ziyafana?

Hayi, ezi zinto zimbini azifani. Enyanisweni, akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-"gluten allergy" ngokwezonyango.

Abantu abaninzi babiza imeko ebizwa ngokuba sisifo se-celiac ngokuthi "yi-gluten allergy." Isifo se-celiac sisifo apho amasosha omzimba wakho omelene nomzimba wonakalisa amathumbu akho amancinci xa usitya i-gluten (iproteni efumaneka kwiinkozo ezifana nengqolowa, irhasi, kunye ne-rye).

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokunganyamezelani ne-gluten kunye nokunganyamezelani ne-wheat?

Okwenzekayo xa une-allergy yengqolowa kukuba amasosha omzimba wakho asabela ngokugqithisileyo xa usitya ingqolowa.

Ukunganyamezelani ne-gluten yingxaki yokugaya ukutya . Kwenzeka xa umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukuyigaya kakuhle i-gluten. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokudinwa, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokudumba. Akuyongxaki yokunganyamezelani.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-allergy yengqolowa kunye nesifo seCeliac?

Ezi zimbini zihlala zibhidanisana. Kodwa ezi zimbini zahlukile.

Kwi-allergy yengqolowa , inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isabela kwingqolowa nokuba ngeendlela ze-"IgE" okanye "ezingezizo ze-IgE".

Kwisifo se-celiac , inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isabela ngokukodwa kwi-gluten . I-gluten ifumaneka kwingqolowa nakwezinye iinkozo. Kule meko, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela ulwelo lwamathumbu akho amancinci . Oku kubangela ukudumba kunye nomonakalo kwizakhiwo ezintle ezifana nefayibha (i-villi) emathunjini amancinci. Ezi villi zinceda ekufunxeni izondlo ekutyeni. Xa ezi zonakele, nokuba utya kangakanani na, umzimba wakho awufumani izondlo ezaneleyo, kwaye ngokuhamba kwexesha, iimeko ezifana nokungondleki kakuhle zinokuvela.

Ngoko ke, uyayiqonda le ngcamango? Ukunganyamezelani nengqolowa, isifo se-celiac, kunye nokunganyamezelani ne-gluten ziimeko ezintathu ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ukuze ufumane kanye kanye into onayo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu malunga nokunganyamezelani nengqolowa, akunjalo?

• Ukunganyamezelani nengqolowa yindlela umzimba wakho okhusela ngayo ingqolowa.
• Iimpawu zale ntoIimpawu zingaqala kwi-skin rashes, isisu esibuhlungu, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla ukuya kwi-anaphylaxis esongela ubomi.
• Bona ingcali ye-allergies ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo . Oku kunokuqinisekiswa ngovavanyo lolusu kunye novavanyo lwegazi.
• Eyona ndlela iphambili yokulawula oku kukuphepha izinto ezinengqolowa . Funda iilebheli zokutya ngononophelo. Lumka kungekuphela nje ngokutya, kodwa nakwezinye iimveliso.
• Kwabo bane-allergies ezinzima , ukugcina inaliti ye-adrenaline kufutshane kunokusindisa ubomi.
• Abantwana abaninzi bayakhula kule meko njengoko bekhula , nto leyo ekwanceda kakhulu.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho . Bakho ukukunceda.

Musa ukoyika ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-allergy yengqolowa. Ewe, kunokuba nzima kancinci, ingakumbi xa kufikwa ekukhetheni ukutya. Kodwa, ngokwazi nokukhathalela, ungaphila ngempumelelo nale meko.

Ukunganyamezelani neNgqolowa , Iimpawu zokunganyamezelani neNgqolowa, i-Anaphylaxis, i-IgE, ukuNganyamezelani neNgqolowa, iGluten