Xa ucinga ngeengcongconi, into yokuqala efika engqondweni zizifo ezifana ne-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya, akunjalo? Kodwa ngaba ukhe weva ngesinye intsholongwane esidluliselwa zezi ngcongconi, kwaye esinokuba yingozi enkulu, ngakumbi koomama abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana abangakazalwa? Leyo yintsholongwane yeZika. Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi ngokupheleleyo ngayo kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afunekayo ukuze uzikhusele. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale ntsholongwane yeZika ngendlela elula neyobuhlobo.
Yintoni intsholongwane kaZika? Siyifumana njani?
Ngamafutshane, iZika yintsholongwane. Yafunyanwa okokuqala eUganda ngo-1947. Le ntsholongwane idluliselwa kuthi ikakhulu ziingcongconi ze-Aedes . Usenokukhumbula, ezi ngcongconi zisasaza nezifo ezifana nomkhuhlane wedengue kunye nentsholongwane ye-chikungunya. Nantsi into eyenzekayo: Xa ingcongconi iluma umntu onesifo seZika ize ilume umntu ophilileyo, loo mntu naye ufumana le ntsholongwane.
Kodwa into ekhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba intsholongwane yeZika inokudluliselwa kungekuphela nje ngeengcongconi, kodwa nangokwabelana ngesondo . Indoda okanye umfazi osulelekileyo unokudlulisela intsholongwane kumaqabane akhe esondo, nokuba akabonisi zimpawu.
Okuyingozi nangakumbi, kwaye into esifanele siyixhalabele sonke, kukuba umama okhulelweyo onentsholongwane unokudlulisela intsholongwane kumntwana wakhe esibelekweni . Oku kunokubangela iziphene ezinzulu zokuzalwa komntwana. Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe kungekudala.
Zithini iimpawu zeZika?
Ayinguye wonke umntu osuleleke yintsholongwane kaZika oza kubonisa iimpawu. Enyanisweni, ngumntu omnye kwabahlanu kuphela osulelekileyo oza kuba neempawu. Abane abaseleyo baza kuphila ngaphandle kweempawu.
Kumntu ofumana iimpawu, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzilindele:
- Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo
- Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba
- Intlungu yamalungu
- Amehlo abomvu (i-conjunctivitis okanye i-pinkie eye)
Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezili-14 emva kokulunywa yingcongconi. Kwaye ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela ngokwazo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiveki.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba ukhulelwe, uceba ukukhulelwa, okanye uhlala okanye uye waya kwindawo apho intsholongwane yeZika isasazeka khona, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ezinye iimpawu. Kubaluleke kakhulu.
Zithini iingozi kumama okhulelweyo nakumntwana wakhe ongekazalwa?
Kulapho sonke kufuneka sigxile khona kakhulu xa sithetha ngentsholongwane kaZika. Ezinye iintsana ezizelwe ngoomama abakhulelweyo abasuleleke yintsholongwane kaZika zinokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-microcephaly .
Ngamafutshane, i-microcephaly yimeko apho intloko nengqondo yomntwana zingakhuli kakuhle esibelekweni . Oku kubangela ukuba intloko yomntwana ibe ncinci ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu, ngamanye amaxesha obomi bonke. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokukhokelela ekuphunyelweni yintlungu okanye ekuzalweni komntwana oswelekileyo.
Ukongeza kwi-microcephaly, intsholongwane yeZika inokubangela ezinye iziphene ezininzi zokuzalwa. Xa zizonke, ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-congenital Zika syndrome . Ezi zingabandakanya:
- Ukuncipha kwezicubu zobuchopho kunye ne-calcium deposits kubonisa umonakalo wobuchopho.
- Ukonakala ngasemva kweliso.
- Umgama omncinci wokuhamba kwamalungu afana neenyawo ezidibeneyo.
- Ukuqiniswa okungeyomfuneko kwemisipha yomzimba.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba uzive usoyika xa usiva olu lwazi. Kodwa okubaluleke ngaphezu kokoyika kukwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuzikhusela kwiingcongconi ngexesha lokukhulelwa naxa uceba ukukhulelwa.
| Isifo | Ingcongconi yokuzalela | Amanqaku akhethekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| IZika | IiAedes | Ingadluliselwa ngesondo. Ingadluliselwa kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe kwaye ibangele iziphene zokuzalwa (ingakumbi i-microcephaly). |
| I-Dengue | IiAedes | Ukuba imbi kakhulu, i-dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) kunye ne-dengue shock syndrome (DSS) zinokwenzeka. |
| IChikungunya | IiAedes | Ngokuyintloko ibangela iintlungu eziqatha nezihlala ixesha elide zamalungu. |
Ngaba ikho indlela yokunyanga intsholongwane kaZika?
Okwangoku, akukho nyango okanye isitofu esithile sentsholongwane iZika. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Uninzi lwabantu abaneempawu bayaphila ngonyango oluqhelekileyo.
Ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa rhoqo ukuba:
- Phumla kakuhle.
- Sela iziselo ezininzi ezifana namanzi kunye neziselo zeziqhamo.
- Sela amayeza anjengeParacetamol okuthintela umkhuhlane kunye neentlungu.
Isilumkiso esibaluleke kakhulu! Ekubeni umkhuhlane wedengue uneempawu ezifanayo, kuphephe ukuthatha i-aspirin okanye ezinye izithomalalisi zentlungu ze-NSAID (umz. i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac) de ugqirha aqinisekise ukuba awunayo idengue . La mayeza anokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha.
Ngaba ezinye iingxaki zempilo zinokubakho?
Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba intsholongwane yeZika inxulunyaniswe nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiGuillain-Barre syndrome . Kulapho amajoni omzimba ahlasela khona inkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Oku kunokubangela ukukhubazeka okwethutyana, ingakumbi emilenzeni. Nangona kunjalo, le yingxaki engaqhelekanga.
Singazikhusela njani kwintsholongwane iZika?
Ekubeni kungekho nyango, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabikho. Sonke singaba negalelo koku.
1. Kuphephe ukulunywa ziingcongconi:
- Sebenzisa izixovuli zeengcongconi: Faka izixovuli zeengcongconi ezicetyiswa ziingcali zempilo, ingakumbi ezo ziqulethe izithako ezifana ne-DEET kunye ne-Picaridin, eluswini lwakho nasemini.
- Nxiba impahla efanelekileyo: Nxiba iihempe ezinemikhono emide kunye neebhulukhwe ezinde ezigubungela umzimba wakho kakuhle.
- Khusela ikhaya lakho: Faka izikrini kwiifestile nakwiingcango. Sebenzisa inethi zokuthintela iingcongconi xa ulele.
2. Tshabalalisa iindawo zokuzalela kweengcongconi:
- Ezi ngcongconi ze-Aedes zibeka amaqanda azo emanzini acocekileyo namileyo. Ngoko ke, hlala ucoca zonke iindawo apho amanzi anokuqokelelana khona egadini nasekhaya, ezinje ngamatayara, iitini, amaqokobhe ekhokhonathi, iimbiza zeentyatyambo, iisosi, kunye nemijelo yemvula .
3. Kuphephe ukosulela ngesondo:
- Ukuba ningabantu abakhulelweyo: Ukuba iqabane lakho liye laya kwindawo apho kukho umngcipheko weZika, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhondom ngexesha lesondo okanye ukuzibamba kwisondo ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.
- Ukuba uceba ukuba nomntwana: Ukuba ukhe waya kwindawo eneZika-risk, amagosa ezempilo acebisa ukuba ukulibazisa ukukhulelwa ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-2 kubafazi kunye neenyanga ezi-6 kumadoda. Kububulumko ukusebenzisa iikhondom ngeli xesha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Zika sisifo esisasazeka kakhulu ziingcongconi ze-Aedes . Sinokudluliselwa ngokwesondo.
- Abantu abaninzi abosulelekileyo abanazo iimpawu . Nokuba zikho iimpawu, zinokuba zizinto ezilula ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukugodola kunye nentlungu yamalungu.
- Abafazi abakhulelweyo ngabona basengozini enkulu. Ukuba intsholongwane idluliselwa kumntwana ongekazalwa, inokubangela iziphene ezinzulu zokuzalwa ezifana ne-microcephaly.
- Ukuthintela yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela esi sifo. Qiniseka ukuba uyazikhusela kwiingcongconi kwaye utshabalalise iindawo zokuzalela kweengcongconi .
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neempawu zeZika okanye uye kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
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