Ingabe amabhamuza amancane akheka emathunjini futhi kunzima ukuwaphatha? Ake sixoxe nge-(Diverticulitis)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uba nobuhlungu esiswini, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olungezansi kwesobunxele lwesisu sakho? Noma ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi unomkhuhlane nokuqunjelwa? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, yize ngezinye izikhathi singazinaki kakhulu. Yingakho lesi simo, esidinga ukunakwa okuncane, sibizwa ngokuthi `(Diverticulitis). Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, kulungile?

Kuyini lokhu `(Diverticulitis)`?

Kalula nje, i-diverticulitis yilapho kwakheka khona amaphakethe amancane ngaphakathi kwekholoni lakho - esiwabiza ngokuthi i-diverticula - atheleleka, abe nezibazi, futhi avuvuke. Cabanga ngakho njengamabhamuza amancane akheka odongeni lwekholoni lakho, kanye nezinhlayiya zokudla kanye nendle okunamathela kuzo, okubangela ukuba amagciwane akhule futhi akuthelele.

Abantu abaningi bakha lezi zikhwama ezibizwa ngokuthi `(Diverticula)` emathunjini abo njengoba bekhula. Lesi simo sisibiza ngokuthi `(Diverticulosis)`. Okusho ukuthi, lezo zikhwama ezincane zikhona emathunjini, kodwa azibangeli izinkinga. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onenkinga ngalokhu. Kodwa-ke, kuphela lapho esinye salezo zikhwama ezincane sitheleleka lapho ubuhlungu obukhulu nezinye izimpawu ziqala ukuvela khona. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kusho ukuthi kukhona `ukutheleleka` ngaphakathi kuso, futhi udinga ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ivame kangakanani i-Diverticulitis?

I-diverticulosis engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni, okuwukwakheka kwezikhwama ezincane emathunjini, ingenzeka kubantu abaningi ngemva kweminyaka engu-50-60. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwalezo zikhwama, okubizwa ngokuthi i-diverticulitis, akuvamile kangako. Cishe abantu abangu-4% abane-diverticulosis bahlakulela i-diverticulitis. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma abantu abayikhulu benesifo se-diverticulosis, abane kuphela abazothola i-diverticulitis. Kodwa uma kwenzeka kanye, kunethuba elingu-20% lokuthi iphinde yenzeke. Ngakho-ke, kungcono kulabo abake baba naso kanye ukuba baqaphele kakhudlwana.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-diverticulitis?

Yebo, odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. I-Diverticulitis Ebukhali Nengalapheki .

2. Okulula futhi okuyinkimbinkimbi (i-Diverticulitis).

Manje ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi.

Kuyini i-Acute / Chronic Diverticulitis?

I-Diverticulitis ivame ukuqala njengenkinga enkulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukugula kuvela ngokuzumayo, kube nobuhlungu obukhulu kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, bese kuba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokwelashwa.

Kodwa kwabanye abantu, kungaba yinto ephindaphindayo. Njengoba nje abanye abantu benesifo esiphindaphindayo njenge-asthma. Kwabanye, ukutheleleka kungaba okungamahlalakhona. Okusho ukuthi, akube ngcono ngokuphelele, kodwa kuyaqhubeka nokuba kubi kakhulu. Kunemibono ehlukene yokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Kungaba ngoba ukugula okungazelelwe akube ngcono ngokuphelele, noma kungahlobene nesinye isimo sesikhathi eside emathunjini akho.

Kuyini i-Uncomplicated/Complicated Diverticulitis?

Esikhathini esiningi, cishe amaphesenti angama-80 ezimo, i-diverticulitis ayinzima. Lokho kusho ukuthi inkinga ukutheleleka emaphaketheni amathumbu, ngezinye izikhathi ukutheleleka okuncane nje. Uma kwelashwa kahle, kungelapheka kalula.

I-Diverticulitis iba yinkimbinkimbi lapho ukutheleleka kubangela ezinye izinkinga. Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukutheleleka okukhulu kungabangela ukuthi i-diverticulum (isikhwama) iqhume. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi okuqukethwe emathunjini kuvuze esiswini. Ukutheleleka isikhathi eside kungabangela izibazi emathunjini, okungaholela ekuvalekeni kwamathumbu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Diverticulitis)`?

Lezi zimpawu zingase zihluke kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa izinto eziyinhloko ongazibona yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu besisu: Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko. Luvame ukuba lubi kakhulu.
• Ukuvuvukala noma umuzwa wamathumbu ebamba: Isisu singase sizizwe sivuvukile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi singase sizizwe sengathi ingxenye yamathumbu iyabamba uma ithintwa.
• Umkhuhlane: Ungaba nomkhuhlane uma umzimba wakho ushisa kakhulu.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kungahambisana nesicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukopha okubangelwa yi-rectum: Igazi lingadlula endle .
• Ukuqunjelwa noma mhlawumbe isifo sohudo: Ukuqunjelwa yikona okuvame kakhulu, kodwa izimo ezifana nesifo sohudo nazo azivamile ukwenzeka.

Ubuhlungu buzwakala kanjani uma une-diverticulitis?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uqala ngokuzumayo i-diverticulitis noma ukuqhuma kwesimo esikhona, ubuhlungu bufana kakhulu. Esigabeni esibi kakhulu, ubuhlungu bungase buvele ngokuzumayo. Esigabeni esingapheli, ubuhlungu bungakhula kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ubuhlungu buzwakala lapho i-diverticulum ethelelekile ikhona. Bungazwakala njengobuhlungu obuhlabayo noma umuzwa wokushisa. Ubuhlungu buvame ukusuka kobuphakathi kuya kobukhulu.

Kukuphi lapho ubuhlungu buzwakala khona esiswini?

Leli iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Kubantu bozalo lwaseYurophu, lezi zikhwama ezibizwa ngokuthi `(Diverticula)` zivame ukukhula engxenyeni yokugcina yamathumbu amakhulu, ebizwa ngokuthi `(Sigmoid Colon)`. Lokhu kutholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho esingezansi, bese kuphendukela kancane ngakwesokudla ukuze kuxhunywe ku-rectum. Yingakho abantu abaningi bezwa ubuhlungu `(Diverticulitis)` ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sabo esingezansi. Ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu besisu esingezansi bungasakazekela e-pelvis ngisho nasemhlane.

Kodwa-ke, kubantu bomdabu base-Asia (njengathi), lesi simo `(Diverticulosis)` cishe singenzeka engxenyeni ephezulu kwesokudla yekholoni. Kuleso simo, ubuhlungu `(Diverticulitis)` bungavela engxenyeni ephezulu kwesokudla yesisu.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-diverticulitis?

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokutheleleka kwalezi zifo ze-diverticula ukuthi kwakheka umgodi omncane noma imbobo (`ukudabuka`) ezindongeni zazo, okuvumela amagciwane ukuthi angene futhi abangele 'ukutheleleka'. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, akucaci kahle ukuthi umgodi uqala yini, noma ukuthi amagciwane aqala yini ukutheleleka.

Cabanga nje, uma into efana nendle inamathela ngaphakathi kwaleso sikhwama esincane, kuyindawo efanele yokukhula kwamagciwane. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngenxa yokutheleleka kwamagciwane, ingavuvukala, ilimale, futhi udonga lwaleyo "(Diverticulum)" lungaqhuma.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma udonga lwesikhwama ludabuka ngesinye isizathu (isibonelo, ingcezu eqinile yendle ngenkathi iphuma indle), ngisho namabhaktheriya avame ukuhlala emathunjini angangena kalula ngokudabuka futhi abangele ukutheleleka. Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi ukutheleleka ngegciwane njenge-"Cytomegalovirus - CMV" nakho kungasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwe-"(Diverticulitis)".

Ingabe i-Diverticulitis idluliselwa ngofuzo?

I-Diverticulitis ivame ukwenzeka ngengozi. Okusho ukuthi, akusona isifo esizuzwa ngokuqondile njengefa. Kodwa-ke, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-diverticulosis, okuwukwakheka kwama-packet emathunjini, singase sibe nethonya elithile lezakhi zofuzo. Isibonelo, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, abantu baseYurophu kuthiwa bane-packets eziningi engxenyeni eyodwa yamathumbu, kuyilapho abantu base-Asia bene-packets eziningi kwenye ingxenye. Lokhu kungathonywa izakhi zofuzo. Futhi, izakhi zofuzo zingathinta indlela umuntu asengozini ngayo yokuthola izifo ezingamahlalakhona. Lokhu kucwaningwa kabanzi.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-diverticulitis?

Esikhathini esiningi, cishe ama-80% amacala, i-diverticulitis iyaphela ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma iba nzima noma iqhubeka, izinkinga ezilandelayo zingavela:

• Ukopha kwamathumbu: Ukopha okuvela ku-diverticula kungaba kubi kakhulu futhi kungabangela nokuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni. Cabanga nje, uma uqhubeka nokopha, umzimba wakho uzolahlekelwa yigazi, akunjalo?
• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Uma ukuvuvukala kukhulu, amathumbu akho angase avaleke okwesikhashana. Ukuvuvukala isikhathi eside kungabangela izibazi (ukuqina) kanye nokuvaleka kwamathumbu unomphela.
• I-Fistula: Ingxenye yamathumbu ethelelekile, ebolile ingaxhuma kwenye indlela yomzimba (isibonelo, amathumbu akho amancane, isinyi, noma isitho sangasese sowesifazane), okwenza kube nomgodi ongavamile phakathi kwalokhu kokubili.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesinye: Uma une-diverticulitis eduze kwesinye sakho, kungabangela ukuvaleka kanye nokutheleleka kwesinye sakho. Uma kwakheka i-fistula kwesinye sakho, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka lapho futhi.
• Ithumba: Ithumba liqoqo lobomvu okungase kudingeke likhishwe amanzi. Uma liqhuma, ukutheleleka kungasakazekela emgodini wakho wesisu (umgodi we-peritoneal) futhi kubangele isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-peritonitis. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo!
• Ukubhoboza kwamathumbu:Uma i-diverticulum ivuvukala kakhulu futhi iqhuma, amabhaktheriya asemathunjini angavuza angene emgodini wesisu. Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-peritonitis, singaholela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis, okuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane esisakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Lesi futhi yisimo esiphuthumayo esiyingozi kakhulu!

Okubalulekile: Lezi zinkinga azenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zinto zingenzeka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-diverticulitis eyinkimbinkimbi?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungase ube nezinkinga ezivela ku-diverticulitis:

• Uma kukhona igazi elisha esitulweni.
• Uma ubuso buphaphathekile futhi umzimba uzizwa ungaphili (lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-'Anemia').
• Uma uzizwa sengathi udinga ukuchama njalo , noma uma ushiswa noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama.
• Uma isisu sakho siqinile futhi sibuhlungu uma usithinta (lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-peritonitis).

Uma ubona into efana nale , xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ungayithola kanjani i-`(Diverticulitis)`?

Uma wena nodokotela wakho senivele nazi ukuthi une-`(Diverticulosis)`, ningasola ukuthi yi-`(Diverticulitis)` ngokusekelwe ezimpawini enizibonayo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi bane-`(Diverticulosis). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ze-`(Diverticulitis)` zingafana nezezinye izifo eziningi zesisu.

Ngakho-ke, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi mhlawumbe enze izivivinyo eziyisisekelo, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi (`iphaneli ephelele ye-metabolic`), ukuhlolwa kwendle, kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo.

Uma-ke, uma kusolwa ukuthi i-diverticulitis ibangelwa yisifo, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo zezithombe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. I-CT scan iyindlela enhle. Ingasheshe inqume ubukhulu bokutheleleka kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinkinga. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho kungadingeka abheke ngaphakathi kwekholoni yakho ngesibonakude esikhanyayo (ithubhu enekhamera enamathiselwe kuyo). Ezinye izinkinga zingelashwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-colonoscopy.

Ingabe i-diverticulitis iba ngcono ngokwayo?

Uma ukugula kuncane futhi kulula , kungase kube ngcono ngokwakho. Kodwa ungalindi nje uze ubone udokotela. Kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotics ukuze uthole ukutheleleka. Abanye abantu bangase badinge nemithi yobuhlungu kadokotela. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza nemiyalelo yokuthi ungahlala kanjani ekhaya uze ululame. Kuzothatha cishe isonto ukuze ululame. Kubalulekile ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho phakathi naleso sikhathi.

Indlela yokwelapha i-diverticulitis ekhaya?

Uma udokotela wakho ekuvumela, ungayelapha ekhaya ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukudla okumanzi: Ukugwema ukudla okuqinile kunikeza amathumbu akho ukuphumula futhi kukusize ululame ekuguleni. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi yini okufanele uyidle nokuthi kufanele uhlale isikhathi esingakanani kulokhu kudla.
• `Ama-antibiotic` anikezwe udokotela: Akuwona wonke umuntu owadingayo, kodwa uma uwadinga, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi ozowuthatha uye nawo ekhaya. Uhlobo `lwama-antibiotic` owadingayo luzoncika ohlotsheni 'lokutheleleka' onalo.
• I-Acetaminophen: Kuma-painkiller athengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi (i-OTC) atholakala ekhemisi, kungcono ukusebenzisa into efana ne-Acetaminophen (isib. i-Tylenol®).

Imithi okungafanele isetshenziswe uma une-diverticulitis

Odokotela bayeluleka ukusebenzisa imithi engeyona eye-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) uma une-diverticulitis, ngoba ingandisa ingozi yokopha kwe-GI. Lawa ma-NSAID afaka:

• I-aspirin (isib. iBayer® noma iSt. Joseph®)
• `Ibuprofen` (isib. `Motrin®` noma `Advil®`)
• `I-Naproxen sodium` (isib. `I-Aleve®`)

Kwenzekani uma i-diverticulitis ingelashwa?

Uma unesifo esithambile kakhulu nesilula, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho nge-diverticulitis yakho. Uma kungenjalo, ungagcina unesifo esibi kakhulu kanye nezinkinga. Kunezinye izifo ezingalulami ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic noma ama-antiviral. Izifo ezingalulami zingaholela kwezinye izinkinga. Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu futhi.

Yini ongayenza ukuze welaphe i-diverticulitis?

Uma ukwelashwa okulula ekhaya kungasizi, noma uma une-diverticulitis enzima, yesikhathi eside, noma eyinkimbinkimbi, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela ukuze welashwe. Ukwelashwa okungase kunikezwe esibhedlela kufaka phakathi:

• Imithi ye-IV: Udokotela wakho angakunika ama-antibiotic noma ama-antiviral nge- IV (njengesixazululo sikasawoti). Ngale ndlela, imithi ingena ngqo egazini lakho, ngakho isebenza ngokushesha. Ama-painkiller nawo anganikezwa ngale ndlela. Abanye abantu kungadingeka bathathe ama-painkiller anamandla njenge-opioid ukuze bathole ubuhlungu obukhulu.
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi: Uma ulahlekelwe igazi eliningi ngenxa ye-diverticulum ephuma igazi, ungase udinge ukumpontshelwa igazi okuphuthumayo ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ukulahlekelwa.
• Izinqubo ze-Endoscopic: Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa i-colonoscope noma i-sigmoidoscope (lezi yizinhlobo ze-endoscope ezibheka i-colon) ukwelapha izinkinga ezincane. Isibonelo, zingamisa ukopha, zikhiphe ithumba, noma zandise ingxenye evinjiwe ye-colon.
• Ukuhlinzwa:Abanye abantu bangadinga ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yethumba, ukopha okuqhubekayo, ukubhoboka, noma i-fistula. Akuvamile, abantu abane-diverticulitis eqhubekayo bangadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye ethintekile yekholoni (i-colectomy). Lokhu kungabandakanya i-colostomy yesikhashana, okuyipayipi elifakwa ohlangothini lwesisu ukuze kukhishwe indle.

Ingabe i-diverticulitis ingavinjelwa ukuthi ingenzeki noma iphinde ivele?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, odokotela abakaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi kungani i-diverticulitis iqala noma ibuye. Ngakho-ke kunzima ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ungayivimbela kanjani. Kodwa bacabanga ukuthi ukugcina impilo enhle yamathumbu ngokuvamile kungasiza .

• Yidla ukudla okuningi okusekelwe ezitshalweni futhi wehlise amafutha ezilwane.
• Ukuphuza amanzi anele usuku lonke.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.

Lezi zinto zingasiza ukunyakaza kwakho kokugaya ukudla kuhambe kahle. Kwabanye abantu, odokotela bangase batuse nezithasiselo ze-fiber noma ama-probiotic.

Kwakukhona inkolelo yakudala yokuthi abantu abane-diverticulosis akufanele badle amantongomane, njengoba angabhajwa ku-diverticulum futhi abangele i-diverticulitis. Lokhu manje sekubhekwa njengenganekwane. Amantongomane angumthombo omuhle we-fiber kanye namaprotheni asekelwe ezitshalweni. Ngakho-ke, kunokuba ukhathazeke ngokuthi ngengozi intongomane ibhajwe emathunjini akho, kungcono ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo nokunempilo.

Yini esingayilindela kulesi simo?

Iphesenti elincane kakhulu labantu liba ne-diverticulitis eyinkimbinkimbi. Kulabo, inani elincane kuphela elidinga ukuhlinzwa. Ezimweni eziningi, i-diverticulitis eyinkimbinkimbi ingelashwa ngokushesha nangokuphelele. I-Diverticulitis ngeke ithinte isikhathi sakho sokuphila esijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, ingozi kuphela ukuthi uma kukhona inkinga engavamile kakhulu, esongela ukuphila, njengokubhoboka kwamathumbu noma ukuqhuma kwethumba. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma i-diverticulitis iqhubeka nokukhula?

Uma ungakwazi ukuvimbela i-diverticulitis ukuthi ingaphinde ivele naphezu kokudla kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, ungase ube nezinye izici ezandisa ingozi yakho. Isibonelo, abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka bangase bathole izifo kaningi futhi bathathe isikhathi eside ukululama. Abantu abanezifo ezizimele banamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo eziqhubekayo. Ibhalansi yamagciwane ahlukene ahlala emathunjini akho ingathinta nesistimu yomzimba wakho yomzimba.

Odokotela abakwazi ukusho njalo ukuthi kungani abanye abantu beqhubeka nokuthola i-diverticulitis. Kodwa-ke, uma usube nayo izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa futhi okungenani ube nenkinga eyodwa, bangase batuse ukususwa kwamathumbu ngokuzikhethela, okuyindlela yokuhlinzwa yokususa ingxenye encane yamathumbu akho ebangela inkinga . Uma kungeyona into ephuthumayo, ngokuvamile kungenziwa ngokuhlinzwa okukodwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa kwe-colostomy.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ngakho-ke, i-`(Diverticulitis)` iyinkinga engenzeka kubantu abane-`(Diverticulosis)`, kodwa ayivamile kakhulu. I-`(Diverticulitis)` cishe ayinazo izinkinga ezengeziwe. Kodwa uma kwenzeka kuwe, ungadinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu ze-`(Diverticulitis)` qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ngokushesha.

Bazobe sebenquma ukuthi hlobo luni lokwelashwa oludingayo, ukuthi ungalwelapha ekhaya noma ukuthi udinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Ungakhathazeki, isikhathi esiningi lesi simo singaphathwa kahle futhi uzolulama ngokushesha. Nakekela impilo yamathumbu akho, kulungile?

I- Diverticulitis, ukutheleleka kwamathumbu amakhulu, ubuhlungu besisu, i-diverticulosis, isifo samathumbu, i-colonoscopy, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla