I-shingles iyigciwane elibuhlungu elibangela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okunamaqhubu futhi ngezinye izikhathi lingaholela ekulimaleni kwemizwa. Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Herpes Zoster, ivela kumuntu ojwayelekile. Uyakhumbula ukuthi wake waba ne-chickenpox useyingane? Igciwane elifanayo elingemuva kwe-chickenpox—igciwane le-varicella-zoster (VZV)—libangela i-shingles. Uyamangala? Ake sibheke ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani.
Uthola Kanjani Ama-shingle? Kungani Leli Virus Liphinde Livuke?
Kalula nje, ungangenwa yi-shingles kuphela uma uke waba ne-chickenpox ngaphambilini. Uma usululame ku-chickenpox, igciwane le-varicella-zoster (VZV) aliphumi ngokuphelele emzimbeni wakho. Kunalokho, lilala lingasebenzi (lingasebenzi) ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana akho ezinzwa, lihlale lithule ngokuphelele—cishe sengathi lilele.
Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni noma ngisho namashumi eminyaka kamuva, leli gciwane lokulala lingavuka ngokuzumayo—okusho ukuthi liyaphinda livuke . Uma selisebenza, lihamba ngezindlela zakho zemizwa liye esikhumbeni sakho, okuholela esimweni esibuhlungu esaziwa ngokuthi ama-shingles.
Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abakwazi njalo ukukhomba ngqo ukuthi kungani leli gciwane liphinde livuke. Kodwa-ke, imbangela eyinhloko ivame ukuba buthaka kancane kancane kwesimiso sakho somzimba njengoba ukhula . Cabanga ngesimiso sakho somzimba njengamandla okuzivikela omzimba wakho. Lapho lesi sivikelo sibuthakathaka, igciwane elilele lisebenzisa ithuba lokuvuka liphinde lihlasele futhi.
Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Shingles? Ungazibona Kanjani?
Uphawu oluvelele noluvamile lwe-shingles ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okubuhlungu nokuqhakazayo . Lawa maqhuqhuva agcwele uketshezi avame ukuvela ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho—ngokuvamile egoqa okhalweni lwakho, esifubeni, ebusweni, entanyeni, noma emhlane njengebhande noma ibhande. Nakuba ngokuvamile elandela le ndlela ehlukile, angavela ngezinye izikhathi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.
Izimpawu Zesixwayiso Zasekuqaleni Nezimpawu Ezihambisana Nazo
Ngaphambi kokuba ukuqubuka kuqale, noma eceleni kwako, ungase ubhekane nezinye izimpawu eziningana, okuhlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuvuthayo, obuhlabayo, noma obuhlabayo bemizwa . Lokhu kuvame ukuba uphawu olucindezela kakhulu.
- Ukuzwa ukulunywa noma ukungazweli endaweni ethintekile.
- Ukubomvu noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba endaweni ethile.
- Imfiva.
- Ukugodola.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
- Umuzwa ojwayelekile wokukhathala noma ukungaphatheki kahle (ukungakhululeki).
- Isisu esibuhlungu, okuhlanganisa isicanucanu esincane noma ukungakhululeki esiswini.
Kwezinye izimo, ubuhlungu bemizwa yendawo kanye nokuzwela kwesikhumba kungaqala amasonto ngaphambi kokuba ukuqubuka kubonakale ngempela. Ezinye izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane zingase zandulele ukuqubuka ngezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine kusukela ekuveleni, ubomvu buzokhula bube amabhamuza agcwele uketshezi. Ezinsukwini ezingaba yishumi, la mabhamuza azoqala ukoma futhi akhe amabhamuza . Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi la mabhamuza aqinile aphole ngokuphelele futhi anyamalale.
Ingabe Wonke Umuntu Uthola Ukuqhuma?
Nakuba ukuqubuka okunamaqhubu kuyisici esivamile se-shingles, ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ungabhekana ne-shingles ngaphandle kokuthola ukuqubuka . Yingakho, uma uzwa ubuhlungu bemizwa obuhlukile kanye nezinye izimpawu, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha, noma ngabe isikhumba sakho sihlala sicacile.
Ingabe Ama-Shingles Ayathelelana?
Lona umbuzo ovame kakhulu. Awukwazi ukubamba ama-shingles ngqo kumuntu onawo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma une-shingles esebenzayo, awukwazi ukudlulisela ama-shingles komunye umuntu.
Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu ongakaze abe ne-chickenpox (noma umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox) ethintana ngqo noketshezi oluvela kuma-shingles blisters akho, noma ephefumula izinhlayiya eziphuma emoyeni ezivela kuwo, angangenwa yi-chickenpox.Ukucacisa: bazoba ne-chickenpox, hhayi i-shingles, ngoba zombili lezi zimo zibangelwa yigciwane elifanayo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma une-shingles, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala kude nabantu abasengozini—njengezinsana, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nanoma ubani onesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka—kuze kube yilapho amabhamuza akho esegcwele ukukhwehlela.
Ubani Osengozini Kakhulu Yokuthola Ama-shingle?
Nakuba noma ubani oke waba ne-chickenpox ngaphambilini engaba ne-shingles, amaqembu athile abhekene nengozi enkulu kakhulu. Usengozini enkulu uma:
- Ukuba nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka: Isibonelo, abantu abalwa nomdlavuza `(umdlavuza)`, abaphila ne-HIV `( i-HIV )`, noma abathatha imithi yokwelapha yokucindezela amasosha omzimba `( imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba)`.
- Bangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 ubudala : Ingozi yakho iyanda ngokwemvelo njengoba amasosha omzimba wakho eguga.
Ochwepheshe abaningi bezokwelapha bakholelwa nokuthi amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba angabangela i-shingles . Nakuba lokhu kuxhumana kungaba nzima ukukufakazela ngokuqinisekile, ukucindezeleka okukhulu kucindezela okwesikhashana izivikelo zakho zomzimba, okwenza kube lula ngegciwane elilele ukuba ligqashuke.
Yiziphi Izinkinga Ezingaba Khona Zama-Shingles? Ingabe Ziyingozi?
Nakuba abantu abaningi belulama ngokugcwele ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside, ama-shingles ngezinye izikhathi angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha.
Inkinga evame kakhulu futhi eqeda amandla ye-shingles yi-Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN) , okuwubuhlungu obungapheli bemizwa obuqhubeka isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuba ukuqubuka kwakho sekupholile ngokuphelele. Lobuhlungu bungahlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka, kanti kwabanye, bungaba bukhali kakhulu futhi buphazamise impilo.
Ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-shingles zifaka:
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba kwesibili kwamagciwane `(Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane)` (ikakhulukazi uma uklwebha amabhamuza).
- Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamehlo kanye nokuvuvukala uma i-shingles ivele eduze kwamehlo, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela.
- Ukukhubazeka kobuso `(Ukukhubazeka kobuso)`, okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Ramsay Hunt syndrome `(i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome)`.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukukhala ezindlebeni `(Tinnitus)`, noma ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nendlebe.
- Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-encephalitis `(Encephalitis)`.
- Izinkinga zesiyezi noma ibhalansi `(Isizungu)`.
- I-pneumonia `(I-pneumonia)`.
Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, amacala amakhulu e-shingles angaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila. Yingakho kungafanele ungathathi lesi simo kalula.
I-Shingles Itholakala Kanjani?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ama-shingles ngokuthatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha bese ehlola ukuqubuka kwakho. Uma ama-blister ehambisana kahle nendlela ethile yemizwa—eyaziwa ngokuthi i-dermatome `(Dermatomes)`—futhi ehlala ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho ngaphandle kokuwela umugqa ophakathi , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ama-shingles.
Uma ukuxilongwa kungacaci, udokotela wakho angase afake i-blister yakho kancane ukuze aqoqe isampula encane bese eyithumela elabhorethri ukuze iqinisekiswe.
Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha Ama-Shingles?
Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwe-shingles, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo zokuphatha izimpawu zakho, ukusheshisa ukululama kwakho, nokunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yezinkinga. Udokotela wakho angase ancome izinketho ezilandelayo:
- Imithi Yokulwa Negciwane `(imithi yokulwa namagciwane)`:Lezi yizona zinto ezibalulekile ekwelashweni kwakho. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Acyclovir `(Acyclovir)` (igama lomkhiqizo i-Zovirax®), i-Famciclovir `(Famciclovir)` (igama lomkhiqizo i-Famvir®), kanye ne-Valacyclovir `(Valacyclovir)` (igama lomkhiqizo i-Valtrex®). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala lawa ma-antiviral kusenesikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka—kungcono zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kusukela kuvele ukuqubuka kokuqala. Ukuwaqala kusenesikhathi kusiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, kusheshise ukuphulukiswa, futhi kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuthola ubuhlungu obungapheli bezinzwa njenge-Postherpetic Neuralgia.
- Imithi Yokuqeda Ubuhlungu: Izinketho ezitholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela njenge-acetaminophen `(Acetaminophen)` (njenge-Tylenol®) noma i-ibuprofen `(Ibuprofen)` (njenge-Motrin® noma i-Advil®) zingasiza ekulawuleni ukungakhululeki. Ngobuhlungu obukhulu bemizwa, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi enamandla yokuqeda ubuhlungu noma imithi ethile yemizwa.
- Ama-Corticosteroids (ama-corticosteroids): Uma ama-shingles ethinta amehlo akho noma ezinye izinzwa zobuso ezibucayi, udokotela wakho angase akunike lokhu ukuze anciphise ukuvuvukala okukhulu nokuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akufaneleki kubo bonke abaguli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi ugcine ukuqubuka kuhlanzekile futhi komile, ufake i-calamine lotion ezolisayo ukuze unciphise ukulunywa, futhi usebenzise izinto ezipholile nezimanzi ukuze uthobe isikhumba esivuthayo.
Kufanele Ubone Udokotela Nini?
Uma usola ukuthi unesifo se-shingles, sicela uxhumane nomhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu . Njengoba kushiwo, ukuqala ukwelashwa ngamagciwane ngokushesha kunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokululama okusheshayo nokukhululekile.
Kufanele Uye Nini Egumbini Eliphuthumayo (ER) ?
Izimpawu ezithile ezinzima zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo nokusindisa impilo. Yiya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, elisheshayo.
- Izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, ubuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo, noma ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni.
- Intamo eqinile.
- Ukudideka, izinguquko zengqondo, noma ubunzima bokucabanga kahle.
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha ngokuzumayo noma ukukhubazeka kobuso.
Sicela ungalindi uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezibomvu—funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.
Ingabe Ama-shingles Angavinjelwa?
Yebo, ukuvimbela okuphumelelayo kakhulu kuyatholakala. Uma uke waba ne-chickenpox, umzila wakho wokuzivikela ongcono kakhulu umjovo we-shingles . Umjovo onconywayo njengamanje, i-Shingrix® `(Shingrix®)`, usebenza kahle ngaphezu kuka-90%. Ngisho noma usuvele une-shingles esikhathini esidlule, noma ngaphambilini wathola umjovo omdala we-Zostavax® `(Zostavax®)`, ukugonywa ngenketho entsha kunconywa kakhulu. Uma uneminyaka engu-50 noma ngaphezulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokugonywa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma njengamanje une-shingles esebenzayo, gcina ukuqhuma kwakho kuvaliwe futhi unciphise ukuxhumana nabanye kuze kube yilapho amabhamuza esegcwele uqweqwe. Lesi sinyathelo esilula sizosiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalalisa igciwane ezinganeni ezingagonyiwe, kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nabanye abantu abasengozini.
Kuyini Ukubikezela Nge-Shingles? Kuhlala Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?
Kusukela esibonakalisweni sokuqala sezimpawu, ukuqubuka kwe-shingles kuvame ukuthatha amasonto amathathu kuya kwamahlanu ukuze kuphole ngokuphelele . Ezinye izimpawu eziningi, okuhlanganisa nobuhlungu obubukhali bemizwa, zivame ukuqala ukuphela zingakapheli izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi.
Iningi labantu lilulama ngokuphelele ezifweni ze-shingles ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinkinga zesikhathi eside. Ukuthatha imithi yokulwa namagciwane zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu izimpawu ziqale kuyithuluzi lakho elingcono kakhulu lokusheshisa le nqubo yokuphulukiswa.
Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu baba nezimpawu ezinkulu ngokwanele ukuthi zidinge ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu abathola ama-shingles ngeshwa uzoba ne -Postherpetic Neuralgia (ubuhlungu bemizwa obungapheli) .
Ungayithola Yini I-Shingles Ngaphezu Kwesisodwa?
Yebo, kungenzeka ukuthola ama-shingles izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.Ngenhlanhla, ukuphindaphinda akuvamile ngaphandle kokuthi amasosha omzimba wakho asengozini enkulu. Uma i-shingles ibuya, ukuqhuma kuvame ukuvela endaweni ehlukile kuneyokuqala.
Ungaba Ne-Shingles Uma Ungakaze Ube Ne-Chickenpox?
Cha, awukwazi ukuthola ama-shingles uma ungakaze ube ne-chickenpox. Ama-shingles ayindlela yokuvuselela igciwane le-varicella-zoster elivele lilele emzimbeni wakho. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abantu abathole umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox ophilayo njengoba izingane zingaba nama-shingles kamuva ekuphileni, yize lezi zimo zivame ukuba zincane kakhulu.
Okubalulekile Okubalulekile: Okudingeka Ukukukhumbule
Sivame ukucabanga nge-chickenpox yobuntwana njengenkumbulo ekude, kodwa igciwane lingabuya ngale ndlela ebuhlungu kakhulu lapho singalindele. Ama-shingles awagcini nje ngokuphazamisa impilo yakho kanye nenduduzo yakho, kodwa futhi abeka ingozi yokusabalalisa i-chickenpox ezinganeni ezingagonyiwe kanye nabanye abantu abasengozini abakuzungezile.
Nakuba abantu abaningi belulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezihlala isikhathi eside, ukuhlala uqaphile ngezimpawu zakho nokwazi ukuthi kufanele ufune nini usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha kubalulekile. Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe kubaluleke kakhulu.
Uma usola ukuqala kwe-shingles, sicela uxhumane nodokotela ngokushesha. Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha ukungakhululeki kwakho nokuvikela impilo yakho yesikhathi eside. Ungesabi, kodwa sicela ungalibali!
Ama-shingles, i-Herpes Zoster, igciwane le-Varicella-zoster, Ubuhlungu bemizwa, Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, Ukwelashwa kwama-shingles, Umuthi wokugomela ama-shingles
