Ingabe ukubona kwakho kuya ngokuya kuba buthakathaka kancane kancane? Lokhu kungaba ngenxa ye-Optic Atrophy!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi umbono wakho awucacile noma awucacile? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, ukuthi kumane nje kuyindaba yokukhama amehlo akho. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuthile okungathi sína kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-optic atrophy , esithinta umbono wethu. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini ngempela i-Optic Atrophy?

Kalula nje, i-Optic Atrophy yilapho amaseli e -optic nerve yakho elimele futhi ebhujiswa kancane kancane. Igama elithi “atrophy” lisho into ewohlokayo, ebuthakathaka, noma ephela. Ngakho-ke okwenzekayo kulokhu ubuthakathaka be-optic nerve, esebenza njengocingo lwefoni oluthwala imiyalezo phakathi kwamehlo ethu nobuchopho. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu .

Cabanga ngale ndlela: amehlo ethu afana nekhamera. Inzwa yokubona ithatha isithombe (ulwazi olubonakalayo) ekhamera bese itshela ubuchopho ukuthi, “Yilokhu okubonayo.” Ngakho-ke uma le nzwa yonakele, kunjengokungathi ucingo oluphethe umyalezo lusikiwe. Khona-ke, noma iso libona, ulwazi aluyi ebuchosheni, ngakho-ke siba nezinkinga zokubona . Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kokubona, okungaholela ebumpumputheni . Futhi, inkinga enkulu lapha ukuthi lo monakalo uvame ukungalungiseki, okusho ukuthi awunakulungiswa .

Yiziphi izimpawu ebesingazizwa uma singaba nalokhu?

I-Optic Atrophy uphawu oluyinhloko lwezinkinga zokubona. Hlola ukuthi unalezi zimpawu:

• Umbono uba lufiphale futhi izinto ziba lufiphale: Izinhlamvu nezithombe ezazibonakala ngokucacile ngaphambili manje zingase zibonakale zifiphale kancane futhi zingacacile. Kunjengokungathi ukugxila kwekhamera kuphelile.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle: Ngisho noma ungabona ngqo phambili, ungase ulahlekelwe ikhono lakho lokubona izinto ezinhlangothini zamehlo akho. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi ulahlekelwa umbono wakho ongaphandle, njengehhashi.
• Ukungaboni imibala: Eminye imibala, ikakhulukazi ebomvu neluhlaza okotshani, kungaba nzima ukuyihlukanisa. Imibala ingase ibonakale ifiphele kancane noma inombala ohlukile.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungazinaki . Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kungani sihlakulela i-Optic Atrophy? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani le nzwa yokubona ingonakala. Okusho ukuthi, kukhona okuphazamisa umyalezo ohamba ngenzwa yokubona uye ebuchosheni. Ake sibheke izimbangela eziyinhloko:

• Ukuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi kuya emthanjeni obonayo (Imithambo yegazi/Ischemia): Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu . Njengazo zonke izingxenye zomzimba wethu, umthambo obonayo nawo udinga igazi ukuze usebenze. Uthola umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba egazini. Ngakho-ke uma lokhu kugeleza kwegazi kuphazamiseka, amangqamuzana ezinzwa aqala ukufa.
• Izimo zokuzalwa noma zofuzo: Abanye abantu bazalwa benalezi zimo. Isibonelo, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Leber hereditary optic neuropathy singabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono kwelinye iso kuqala, bese sithinta elinye iso.
• Ukucindezelwa Kwangaphandle/Kwangaphakathi: Cabanga ngesimila sobuchopho esicindezela i-optic nerve. Lokho kungalimaza ne-nerve. Ngokufanayo, esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-glaucoma , ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso inganda futhi yonakalise i-optic nerve.
• Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ezinye izifo noma inzwa ngokwayo: I-optic neuritis ingenye yezimbangela. Ingabangelwa futhi yizimo ezifana ne -hydrocephalus , okuyiqoqo loketshezi ebuchosheni.
• Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izifo zingalimaza ne-optic nerve. Isibonelo, izifo ezifana ne -syphilis kanye ne-measles .
• Ukulimala/Ukulimala Kwamehlo: Cabanga uma ushaywe yibhola esweni ngenkathi udlala ikhilikithi, noma uma ulimele engozini yemoto, ngisho nento efana nale ingalimaza i-optic nerve futhi ibangele lesi simo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi nezingozi emsebenzini, ngesikhathi sokulwa.
• Izifo ze-retina: Izimo ezifana ne -retinopathy ehlobene nesifo sikashukela kanye nokuvaleka kwemithambo ye-retina nakho kungathinta i-optic nerve.
• Ubuthi, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, noma imithi: Lesi simo singabangelwa ukugwinya ubuthi obuthile, ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba ezibalulekile njengamavithamini, noma njengomphumela omubi wemithi ethile. Lezi zimbangela zivame ukuthinta amehlo womabili.

Ingabe lesi yisifo esithathelwanayo?

Cha, i-Optic Atrophy ayisona isifo esingadluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu siye komunye . Kodwa-ke, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, lesi simo singabangelwa izifo ezithile. Okusho ukuthi, uma ukutheleleka kuthelelana, kungenzeka ukuthi i-optic atrophy ivele ngenxa yalokho. Nazi ezinye izifo ezingabangela lokhu:

• I-Syphilis
• Isimungumungwane
• Isifo sofuba
• Ama-mumps
• Inqubulunjwana
• Isifo seLyme
• I-Aspergillosis (ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-immune system ebuthakathaka)
• I-Cryptococcosis (ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-immune ebuthakathaka)

Iyini ingozi yalesi simo? Noma yiziphi izinkinga?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ukulimala kwe-optic nerve okubangelwa yi-optic atrophy kuvame ukuba nzima kakhulu ukuyibuyisela emuva, okungukuthi, ukuyiphulukisa . Leyo yinkinga enkulu lapha. Into eyinhloko engenzeka ukuthi ukubona kuncipha kancane kancane, futhi ekugcineni, ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele, okungukuthi, ubumpumputhe.

Khumbula: Uma ulahlekelwa ukubona kwakho ngenxa yalesi simo, kunzima kakhulu ukuphinde ukubone. Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu.

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu ngqo?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungakhululeki ekuboneni kwakho, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela wamehlo . Udokotela uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifanayo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Angase akubuze nangokudla, imithi, namavithamini owaphuzayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzohlola amehlo akho ngokucophelela.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo, udokotela wakho uzobheka ngaphakathi kweso lakho esebenzisa ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-ophthalmoscope . Uma ubheka ngaphakathi kweso lomuntu one-optic atrophy, i-optic disc ingase ibonakale iphaphathekile noma ishintshe umbala . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa onakele futhi igazi eliwanikezayo liyancipha.

Udokotela angase futhi enze ezinye izivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela lesi simo (isibonelo, isimila sobuchopho noma isifo sesimiso sezinzwa, njenge-"Multiple Sclerosis"). Ezinye zalezi zifo zifaka:

• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Lokhu kungabona ukujiya kwezingqimba ze-optic nerve kanye ne-retina.
• Ukuhlolwa kwensimu ebonakalayo: Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa ukuthi ungabona ibanga elingakanani okuzungezile.
• Iskeni se-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Singathatha izithombe ezicacile zobuchopho kanye ne-optic nerve.
• I-Fluorescein angiography: Ukuhlolwa kokubheka isimo semithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kweso.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuthola izinto ezifana nokutheleleka kanye nokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu? Ingabe kungalapheka ngokuphelele?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho ikhambi lokuqeda ukuwohloka kwamehlo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunzima ukubuyisela amangqamuzana ezinzwa ze-optic alimele. Yingakho sihlala sithi nakekela amehlo akho, uhlolwe amehlo njalo, futhi ubone udokotela uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho.

Kodwa-ke, odokotela bazama ukuthola imbangela yalesi simo bese beyelapha . Ngokwenza kanjalo, bazama ukuvimba noma ukunciphisa umonakalo owengeziwe emsipheni wokubona. Isibonelo:

• Uma lokhu kungenxa yesimila sobuchopho, kungenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila.
• Uma kukhona ukunqwabelana koketshezi ebuchosheni (i-Hydrocephalus), kunezindlela zokususa lolo ketshezi.
• Uma kwenzeka i-glaucoma, imithi inganikezwa ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo.
• Uma kungenxa yokutheleleka, ama-antibiotic anganikezwa.

Singakuvimbela yini lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki?

Ezimweni eziningi, kunzima ngathi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-Optic Atrophy. Ngoba izici eziningi ezibangela lokhu zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ubungozi bethu. Isibonelo:

• Ukugqoka izibuko zokuphepha ukuze ugweme ukulimala kwamehlo: Qaphela kakhulu lapho wenza izinto ezifana nomsebenzi wensimbi, umsebenzi wokhuni, kanye nokudlala imidlalo.
• Ukuthola imijovo edingekayo ngesikhathi: Lokhu kusiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni ezifana nesimungumungwane.
• Yenza ucansi oluphephile: Gwema izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi njenge-syphilis.
• Uma unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, zilawule kahle.

Uma nginalesi simo, kuzokwenzekani esikhathini esizayo?

Ikusasa lomuntu onalesi simo, okungukuthi, ukuthi umbono wakhe uzoba njani , lincike ekutheni yini ebangela lokho .

• Uma lokhu kubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwe-optic nerve (i-optic neuritis), isikhathi esiningi, umbono uzobuya ngezinga elithile uma ukuvuvukala sekuphelile.
• Uma i-optic nerve yonakele ngesinye isizathu (i-optic neuropathy), umbono ungase ungathuthuki.
• Uma i-glaucoma itholakala futhi yelashwa ngokushesha ,, ukuwohloka okwengeziwe kombono kungalawulwa.
• Uma kuyinto efana nesimila sobuchopho, uma sitholakala futhi selashwa ngokushesha , ingcindezi emthanjeni we-optic ingancishiswa futhi umonakalo owengeziwe ungavinjelwa.

Uma umbono wakho ubuthakathaka, ungalilahli ithemba . Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ubuza ngezinsiza zokubona okuphansi . Kunezinto ezifana namalensi akhethekile, izibuko zokukhulisa, kanye nesofthiwe yokufunda umbhalo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela ngalokhu?

Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo akho njalo , ikakhulukazi uma unezinye izinkinga zamehlo. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Noma yiluphi ushintsho embonweni (isib. ukufiphala, ukulahlekelwa ukucaca)
• Uma unenkinga yokubona imibala
• Uma uzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa umbono wakho

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma ulahlekelwa ukubona kwakho ngokuzumayo noma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zezimo zamehlo ezimbi kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele ngizibuze udokotela ngalokhu?

Cishe uzoba nemibuzo eminingi okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho ngalokhu. Uma kungenzeka, letha umngane noma ilungu lomndeni nawe. Yenza uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza bese uletha incwadi yokubhala phansi izimpendulo zakho. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza:

• Yini ebangela ukuwohloka kwamehlo ami?
• Yiziphi izinketho zami zokwelapha leso sizathu?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yalezo zindlela zokwelapha?
• Ingabe lesi simo siwufuzo?
• Ingabe kufanelekile ukuthi umndeni wami uhlolwe izakhi zofuzo?
• Ingabe kukhona izivivinyo zemitholampilo engingahlanganyela kuzo?
• Ungakwazi yini ukunikeza ulwazi mayelana namaqembu okusekelana asiza abantu abanalesi simo?
• Yiziphi izinsiza-kusebenza zokubona okuphansi ongincoma ukuthi ngizisebenzise?

Uma usengozini yokulimala kwemizwa yamehlo, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho wamehlo njalo. Ukulimala kwemizwa yamehlo kungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono, futhi kungaba nomthelela omkhulu endleleni yakho yokuphila. Khumbula, odokotela bakho bangabalingani bakho abangcono kakhulu ekukusizeni uhlale uphilile. Ngisho noma lesi kuyisimo esibucayi, kunezindlela zokuthola usizo oludingayo.

Ngakho-ke, nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya):

• I-optic atrophy yisimo esibi esilimaza i-optic nerve, ethwala imiyalezo phakathi kweso nobuchopho, futhi iphazamise ukubona.
• Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokungaboni kahle, ukwehla kokubona okuseceleni, noma ubunzima bokubona imibala , ungazinaki.
• Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu; ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi, ukucindezeleka, ukuvuvukala, ukutheleleka, kanye nezingozi zimbalwa nje.
• Lesi simo asithelelani , kodwa singabangelwa ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo.
• Okwamanje akukho ikhambi eliphelele lalokhu. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ngembangela eyinhloko, ukuvimba lesi simo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa. Ngakho-ke, hlola amehlo akho njalo.
• Kukhona amadivayisi nezinsizakalo ezingasiza abantu abanenkinga yokubona. Ungalilahli ithemba.

Kungumthwalo wakho ukunakekela amehlo akho, ngoba angenye yezinsiza ezibaluleke kakhulu esinazo zokubona umhlaba.