Uyazi ngempela ngesimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis? Ake sixoxe ngaso!

Ubuwazi ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane nje, ukukhwehlela, noma ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungaba yinkinga enkulu? Ngokufanayo, i-sepsis yisimo esiyingozi esenzeka lapho umzimba wethu usabela ngobudlova ekuthelelekeni. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sangempela sezokwelapha futhi singasongela impilo uma singelashwa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Kuyini ngempela i-sepsis?

Kalula nje, i-sepsis yilapho isimiso somzimba wakho sokuzivikela sisabela ngokweqile ekuthelelekeni emzimbeni wakho. Ngokuvamile, lapho kuvela ukutheleleka, amangqamuzana ethu omzimba, afana namasosha emzimbeni wethu, ayalwa nakho. Kodwa ku-sepsis, esikhundleni sokulwa nokutheleleka, lesi simiso sokuzivikela siqala ukulimaza amangqamuzana aphilile, izicubu, kanye nezitho zomzimba emzimbeni. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu emzimbeni wonke. Cabanga, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusabela okungavamile kweketanga ohlelweni lwethu lokujiya kwegazi kubangela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi emithanjeni yegazi. Njengalapho ukungcola kubhajwa epayipini lamanzi futhi amanzi eyeka ukugeleza, la mahlule egazi anciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu kulezo zitho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubangele nokuthi zehluleke. Uyaqonda ukuthi lokho kuyingozi kangakanani?

Ingabe kufanele sifunde nangezigaba ze-sepsis?

Odokotela babevame ukukhuluma ngezigaba ezintathu ze-sepsis: i-sepsis, i-sepsis enzima, kanye ne-septic shock. Kodwa manje, abakwahlukanisi ngezigaba ezinjalo. Manje, kubhekwa njengesimo esibanzi. Kuqala ngokutheleleka kanye ne-bacteremia, okuwukuba khona kwamagciwane egazini. Ukusuka lapho, kungaqhubekela phambili ku-sepsis, futhi kusukela lapho kuya ku-septic shock. I-septic shock yisigaba esibi kakhulu, lapho izitho eziningi zegazi zihluleka khona futhi kungaholela ngisho nasekufeni.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole i-sepsis?

I-Sepsis ingenzeka kunoma ubani. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanesifo, ikakhulukazi i-bacteremia (ukuba khona kwamagciwane egazini), basengozini enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usengozini enkulu uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
• Uma ukhulelwe .
• Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela , ukukhuluphala ngokweqile , umdlavuza, kanye nesifo sezinso .
• Uma amasosha omzimba ebuthakathaka (isib. labo abangenwe yi-HIV , labo abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza ).
• Uma ulaliswe esibhedlela ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
• Uma unezibazi ezinkulu noma ezinye izingozi ezinkulu.
• Uma une-catheters, i-IVs, noma amapayipi okuphefumula emzimbeni wakho.

Izinsana nezingane ezincane nazo zisengozini. Amasosha omzimba azo awakakhuli ngokugcwele, okwenza kube nzima ngazo ukulwa nezifo.

E-United States kuphela, kubikwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.7 bahlushwa yi-sepsis minyaka yonke. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ingaba yinto evamile kangakanani. I-Sepsis ivame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile. Ingozi iyanda ngokuguga ngemva kweminyaka engu-65.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-sepsis?

I-Sepsis ingathinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba, ngakho-ke kungaba nezimpawu eziningi. Izimpawu eziqondile zincike ohlotsheni lokutheleleka oluyiqalile. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma i-sepsis ibangelwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-septicemia, ungase ube nokuqubuka esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqubuka kwe-sepsis. Lokhu kungabangela isikhumba ukuba sibe bomvu futhi sishintshe umbala. Ungase ubone namabala amancane abomvu amnyama esikhumbeni sakho. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile ze-sepsis zifaka:

• Ukwehla kokuphuma komchamo noma ukuzizwa sengathi udinga ukuchama njalo.
• Ubuthakathaka/ubuthakathaka.
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo).
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Umkhuhlane noma izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi kakhulu (i-hypothermia).
• Ukuthuthumela komzimba noma ukuthuthumela (ukubanda).
• Isikhumba sizwakala sishisa noma simanzi ngenxa yokujuluka.
• Ukudideka noma ukukhungatheka.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo (ukuphefumula ngamandla) noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okungabekezeleleki.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma wazi ukuthi unesifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha! Ungachithi isikhathi.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-sepsis?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-sepsis ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka ngefungus, parasitic, kanye negciwane nakho kungabangela i-sepsis. Kalula nje, i-sepsis yenzeka lapho ukutheleleka emzimbeni wakho kubangela ukusabela kweketanga emzimbeni wakho wonke, okubangela ukuthi izitho zakho zomzimba zingasebenzi. Ukutheleleka okubangela i-sepsis kungaqala ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukene emzimbeni wakho. Izinhlobo nezindawo ezivame kakhulu zokutheleleka okubangela i-sepsis yilezi:

• Uhlelo lokuphefumula:
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu, isibonelo i-pneumonia.
• Uhlelo lomchamo:
• Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo, ikakhulukazi uma une-catheter.
• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla:
• I-Appendicitis.
• Izinkinga zamathumbu.
• Ukutheleleka kwesisu (i-Peritonitis).
• Ukutheleleka kwenyongo noma isibindi.
• Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi:
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho noma umgogodla.
• Isikhumba:
• Amabhaktheriya angangena ngamanxeba, ukuphuka kwesikhumba, noma ngokufakwa kwama-catheter nama-IV.
• Izimo ezifana ne-cellulitis (ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezixhumeneyo zesikhumba).

Ingabe i-sepsis iyathelelana?

Cha, i-sepsis ngokwayo ayithelelani - okusho ukuthi awukwazi ukusabalalisa i-sepsis komunye umuntu. Kodwa-ke, izifo ezibangela i-sepsis (isib. i-pneumonia, izifo zesikhumba) zingasakazeka kusuka komunye umuntu ziye komunye. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzijwayeza ukuhlanzeka okuhle nokugeza izandla zakho.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani i-sepsis?

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela umuntu one-sepsis ngokushesha, ngoba ukwelashwa kudingeka kuqale ngokushesha. Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okungasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-sepsis. Ngakho odokotela bahlanganisa ulwazi oluvela ekuhlolweni ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwelebhu, ama-X-ray, kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa ukuze baqale bathole ukuthi yini ukutheleleka (isibonelo, ukwakheka kwegazi), bese benquma ukuthi une-sepsis. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa indlela yokuthola ngokushesha ukuthi isiguli sine-sepsis. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-qSOFA (ukuhlolwa kokuhluleka kwezitho okusheshayo) . Lokhu kuhilela ukufuna okungenani izimpawu ezimbili ezilandelayo kanye nokutheleleka okuqinisekisiwe noma okusolwayo:

• Umfutho wegazi ophansi: Umfutho wegazi we-Systolic (inombolo ephezulu) ungaphansi kwamamilimitha ayi-100 e-mercury (100 mmHg).
• Izinga lokuphefumula elikhuphukile: Ukuphefumula izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-22 ngomzuzu.
• Isikali se-Glasgow Coma Esinciphile:Amaphuzu angu-15 noma ngaphansi kulesi sikali alinganisa ukuqaphela (okusho ukuqaphela okuphansi).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angenza ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuze anqume ukuthi hlobo luni lokutheleleka onalo nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini umonakalo owenzekile esithweni somzimba. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Inani eliphelele legazi (i-CBC), ukukhiqizwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi nezinso okungahambi kahle, izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-electrolyte.
• Izinga le-oxygen egazini: Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa inani le-oxygen egazini lakho.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Ukuhlolwa komchamo kanye nokukhula komchamo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Izinto ezifana ne-X-ray noma i-CT scans.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-sepsis?

Ukwelashwa nge-sepsis kufanele kuqale ngokushesha. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile. Yonke iminithi ibalulekile. Uma udokotela ekuxilonga ukuthi une-sepsis, ngokuvamile uzongeniswa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile esibhedlela (ICU) ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ungathola ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ama-antibiotic: Uma unesifo esibangelwa amagciwane, ama-antibiotic azoqalwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Uketshezi lwe-IV (olungena emthanjeni): Uketshezi luzonikezwa ngemithambo ukuze igazi ligeleze liye ezithweni zakho futhi kuvinjelwe umfutho wegazi lakho ukuba wehle kakhulu.
• Imithi yokucindezela igazi: Le mithi isebenza ngokucindezela imithambo yegazi. Kwezinye izimo, ingadingeka ukuze kugcinwe umfutho wegazi owanele.
• Ukunakekelwa kokusekela njengoba kudingeka: Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba, isibonelo, ukwehluleka kwezinso, i-dialysis ingadingeka, noma uma kwenzeka ubunzima bokuphefumula, kungadingeka ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokungenisa umoya ngomshini.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe izicubu ezonakele noma kususwe umthombo wokutheleleka.

Indlela yokuvimbela i-sepsis?

Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuvimbela i-sepsis. Lezi zilula kakhulu kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu:

• Hlanza izandla zakho kahle, ikakhulukazi ukugeza izandla njalo. Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi ngaphambi kokudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nangaphambi kokuthinta isilonda.
• Ukugcina amanxeba nezinye izilonda zihlanzekile futhi zimboziwe kuze kube yilapho ziphola.
• Ukuthola imijovo enconywayo ngesikhathi. Isibonelo, umuthi wokugomela i-pneumonia, umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, njll.
• Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona (isib. isifo sikashukela), thola ukwelashwa okufanele futhi uzilawule.
• Uma usola ukuthi unesifo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, noma isilonda esiphumayo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ekushayweni yi-sepsis? Liyini ithemba?

Ngokuthola nokwelashwa ngokushesha, abantu abaningi abane-sepsis encane bayalulama. Kodwa uma ingelashwa, abantu abaningi abane-sepsis enzima bangafa. Ngisho noma bethola ukwelashwa, abantu abangu-30% kuya ku-40% abanesigaba esibi kakhulu se-sepsis, esibizwa ngokuthi i-septic shock, bayafa. I-septic shock ingabangela ukufa emahoreni angu-12 nje kuphela. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi isimo esiphuthumayo. Ngisho nangemva kokusinda ku-sepsis, abanye abantu basafa ezinyangeni naseminyakeni elandelayo. Kodwa abacwaningi abakaqiniseki ukuthi le ngozi eyengeziwe yokufa ibangelwa ukuba ne-sepsis ngaphambili noma ngenxa yesinye isimo sempilo esiyisisekelo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abasindile ku-sepsis baqhubeke nokunakekela impilo yabo.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela yesikhathi eside ngemva kwe-sepsis?

Ngokwelashwa okusheshayo, iningi labantu abane-sepsis liyalulama ngokuphelele futhi liqhubeke nokuphila impilo evamile. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Ungase ube nezinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukungalali.
• Ukuba namaphupho amabi noma ukubona izinto ezingekho.
• Ukuhlaselwa uvalo.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga nemisipha.
• Ukwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo - Lokhu kusho ukukhubazeka ezintweni ezifana nokufunda, inkumbulo, ukunaka, kanye nokwenza izinqumo.
• Ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba (isib., ukwehluleka kwezinso okuqhubekayo).

Futhi, usengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yi-sepsis futhi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma uthola ukutheleleka okusha.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngilulame ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya?

Ngemva kokululama ekushayweni yi-sepsis nokubuyela ekhaya esibhedlela, cishe kuzodingeka uqhubeke nokwelashwa kokuvuselelwa ngoba umzimba wakho ubulokhu ucindezelekile kakhulu. Uma ufika ekhaya, ungase uzwe okulandelayo: Imiphumela yomzimba:

• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba.
• Ubunzima bokuhambahamba nokulala.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye/noma ukwehla kwesisindo.
• Isikhumba esomile nesilumayo.
• Izinzipho ziphuka kalula.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele.

Imiphumela yengqondo nengokomzwelo:

• Ukufuna ukuba wedwa.
• Ukubuyela emuva.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo.
• Ukukhathazeka kanye/noma ukucindezeleka.
• Ukukhungatheka nentukuthelo.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokuqhubeka nohambo lwakho lokululama. Ekuqaleni, uzosebenza emigomweni emincane, efinyelelekayo, njengokugeza nokugqoka. Uzozama futhi ukwakha amandla akho omzimba, futhi kubalulekile ukunakekela impilo yakho yengqondo. Khuluma nomndeni wakho, abangane, nodokotela ngendlela ozizwa ngayo. Kuzothatha isikhathi, kodwa ekugcineni uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono. Kubalulekile ukuba nesineke.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyikhumbule ukuthi

Kulungile, ngakho-ke i-sepsis esikhuluma ngayo iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo. Ukuze uvimbele i-sepsis, kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka. Uma wephuza ukuthola ukwelashwa, ngisho nokutheleleka okuncane kungaphenduka ukufa.

Uma unesifo, asibi ngcono, noma uma kubonakala sengathi siya siba sibi kakhulu (isib., umkhuhlane uyanda, ubunzima bokuphefumula, izinguquko ekuqondeni), bona udokotela noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.

Khumbula, uma ingelashwa, i-sepsis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ngisho nasekufeni. Ngakho-ke udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu ngalokhu, akunjalo? Ukuphila kwakho kuyigugu!