Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu ezingavamile? Ake sifunde ngesifo sikaBehçet ngamazwi alula!

Wake wezwa ngesifo sikaBehçet? Igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile. Kodwa empeleni yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa esilawulekayo esingathinta izingxenye eziningi ezahlukene zemizimba yethu. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, kalula nje, njengokukhuluma nomngane.

Iyini Isifo SikaBehçet?

Kalula nje, isifo sikaBehçet siwukuvuvukala okungapheli kwemithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu. Odokotela basibiza nangokuthi "i-vasculitis." Lesi yisimo lapho imithambo yegazi ivuvukala, ibe bomvu, futhi ibe buhlungu. Singathinta kokubili imithambo yegazi emikhulu (imithambo yegazi) kanye nemithambo yegazi emincane (imithambo yegazi). Lesi sifo ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi "isifo seSilk Road" ngoba sivame ezindaweni eziseduze neSilk Road emlandweni.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo?

Isifo sikaBehçet singathinta noma ubani emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, sivame kakhulu kwamanye amazwe. Isibonelo, sivame kakhulu enyakatho yeTurkey, emazweni azungeze uLwandle iMedithera, eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseMpumalanga Asia. Asivamile kakhulu emazweni afana ne-United States. Izimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-30. Kodwa-ke, singavela kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Nakuba ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi sithinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane ngokulinganayo, ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi amadoda anamathuba amancane okuthola lesi sifo .

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo? Sizizwa kanjani?

Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Izimpawu zesifo sikaBehçet zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpawu onazo zingase zingafani nezomunye umuntu. Kodwa kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezivamile.

Izilonda zomlomo

Lesi yisibonakaliso sokuqala abantu abaningi abasiqaphelayo . Kufana nezilonda zomlomo esivame ukuzithola emilonyeni yethu, kodwa zikhulu, zivame kakhulu, futhi zibuhlungu kakhulu . Abanye abantu bangase babe nalezi zilonda zomlomo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ezinye izimpawu. Zingavela ezindebeni, olimini, nangaphakathi ezihlathini.

Cabanga nje, uhlala uthola izilonda emlonyeni, zibuhlungu kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokudla noma ukuphuza, futhi ngisho nangemva kokuthatha umuthi, ziyabuya ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Leso yisimo esinjalo.

Izilonda zesitho sangasese

Njengezilonda zomlomo, izilonda zesitho sangasese nazo zingavela. Lezi zingaba buhlungu. Zingavela nasesinqeni samathumbu emadodeni kanye nasesithweni sangasese kwabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, azivamile njengezilonda zomlomo.

Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo

Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo nakho kuyisibonakaliso esibi salesi sifo. Lokhu kungabangela ukubomvu, ubuhlungu, ukubona okufiphele, ukuzwela ukukhanya, kanye namehlo anamanzi . Uma kungelashwa kahle, kungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono ngokuphelele.Kukhona ithuba. Kunemibiko yokuthi lolu hlobo lomonakalo wamehlo luvame kakhulu emazweni afana neMpumalanga Ephakathi neJapan.

Izinkinga zesikhumba

Izinkinga zesikhumba nazo zivamile. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungavela amaqhubu afana nama-pimple kanye nama-red nodules (i-erythema nodosum). La maqhubu abuhlungu ukuwathinta. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungavela izilonda zesikhumba. Ezinye zalezi zingaphandle, kanti ezinye zingaba zijulile. Esinye isici esingavamile ukuthi uma isikhumba siklwebheka noma sihlatshwa, indawo izophenduka ibe bomvu futhi kuzovela i-blister encane zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa . Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa kwe-positive pathergy."

Ubuhlungu bamalunga

Ubuhlungu bamalunga buvamile nakulezi ziguli. Buthinta amaqakala, amadolo, izindololwane, kanye nezinqe ikakhulukazi . Amalunga angase avuvuke, abomvu, futhi abe buhlungu uma ethintwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile akubangeli umonakalo omkhulu unomphela emalungeni.

Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi

Ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kungabangela ukugoba kwegazi, ukuvaleka , noma ngisho nokuvaleka ngokuphelele kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungathinta kokubili imithambo engaphezulu, eseduze nesikhumba, kanye nemithambo ejulile, engaphakathi emzimbeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu, i-vena cava, ungathinteka, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo. Lezi zinkinga zemithambo yegazi zibangelwa ukuvuvukala, hhayi ukukhubazeka ohlelweni lokugoba kwegazi.

Ukubandakanyeka kobuchopho

Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo singathinta nobuchopho. Ngokukhethekile, ulwelwesi olumboza ubuchopho (ama-meninges). Ngemuva kwalokho izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuqina kwentamo, ubunzima bokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza lapho uhamba kungabonakala. Ngezinye izikhathi , isifo sohlangothi singavela futhi. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni uvalekile noma uqhuma.

Izici zendlela yokugaya ukudla (GI)

Izinkinga zingavela nasesimisweni sokugaya ukudla, okungukuthi, emathunjini. Ungase ubone izinto ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu kanye negazi esitulweni . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanxeba emlonyeni nasendaweni yesitho sangasese, kanye namanxeba angaphakathi emathunjini. Lawa manxeba emathunjini ayingozi kancane, ngoba angabangela ukuphuma kwegazi emathunjini noma ukuqhekeka.

Imiphumela kwezinye izitho zomzimba

Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, lesi sifo singathinta nezinye izitho zomzimba, njengamaphaphu, izinso, kanye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu (i-aorta).

Kungani isifo sikaBehçet senzeka? Iyini imbangela?

Imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo ayikakaziwa okwamanje . Ososayensi basacwaninga ngaso. Enye inkolelo-mbono ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi "yisifo sokuzivikela komzimba." Kalula nje, kusho ukuthi isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela, uhlelo olusivikela ezifweni, luhlasela ngephutha amangqamuzana ethu aphilile.. Lokhu kuhlasela yikho okubangela izimo zokuvuvukala okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. Izimpawu ezithile zezakhi zofuzo, njenge-`(HLA-B5)` kanye ne-`(HLA-B51), ziyabonakala kwabanye abantu abanalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu onalezi zimpawu zezakhi zofuzo othola isifo sikaBehçet. Ngakho-ke, izakhi zofuzo zodwa azinakushiwo ukuthi ziyimbangela. Abacwaningi bakholelwa nokuthi kubantu abathambekele kulesi sifo ngokwezakhi zofuzo, kunombono wokuthi lesi sifo singase sivele ngenxa yokutheleleka (ibhaktheriya noma igciwane) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi zombili izici zezakhi zofuzo kanye nezemvelo zingasithinta.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?

Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo kunabanye:

• Abantu abahlala ezindaweni lapho lesi sifo sivame khona (isib. iTurkey, iMpumalanga Ephakathi).
• Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-40 .
• Abantu abanezakhi zofuzo ezithile (i-HLA-B5 noma i-HLA-B51)
• Amadoda (amadoda asengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo kunabesifazane).

Lesi sifo sihlolwa kanjani ngokunembile? (Ukuxilongwa)

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa kwelebhu okuhlonza isifo sikaBehçet. Odokotela bahlonza lesi sifo ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho. Babheka kakhulu:

• Ukuphindaphinda njalo kwezilonda emlonyeni (ngokuvamile izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngonyaka).
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, okungenani ezimbili zezici ezilandelayo kumele zibe khona :
• Ukulimala endaweni yesitho sangasese.
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo.
• Izinkinga zesikhumba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-positive pathergy - Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuqubuka okubomvu okufana nama-blister kuvela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlatshwa noma ukuhlatshwa kwesikhumba. Lokhu kunikeza umbono wokuthi amasosha omzimba asebenza kahle kangakanani.

Ukuze uxilonge lesi sifo ngokunembile, kubalulekile ukuqeda ezinye izifo ezibangela izilonda emlonyeni ezifana nesifo sikaBehçet . Isibonelo, `(systemic lupus)`, `(isifo sikaCrohn)` (isimo sokuvuvukala kwamathumbu), kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-`(vasculitis)`. Udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukusiza ukuqeda lezi ezinye izifo.

Ingabe lesi isifo esizuzwe njengefa?

Akukho bufakazi obucacile bokuthi isifo sikaBehçet siwufuzo . Iningi lamacala lenzeka ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle komlando womndeni. Nakuba inani elincane kakhulu lamacala libikiwe emalungwini amaningana omndeni ofanayo, akukho sibonelo esicacile sofuzo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu? (Ukwelashwa)

Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo okwamanje . Kodwa-ke, kunemithi eminingana engasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu:

• Ama-Corticosteroids (isib. i-prednisone): Lena yindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko. Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
• I-Colchicine (i-Colcrys®): Lokhu kusiza ngezilonda zomlomo, izilonda zesitho sangasese, kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga ngezinye izikhathi.
• Eminye imishanguzo ye- immunosuppressant : Izibonelo zifaka i-methotrexate (Trexall®, Rasuvo®), i-azathioprine (Imuran®, Azasan®), i-cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan®, Neosar®), ne-cyclosporine (Gengraf®, Neoral®, Sandimmune®). Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-anti-TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) biologics efana ne-infliximab (Remicade®), i-etanercept (Enbrel®), ne -tocilizumab (Actemra®) nazo ziyasetshenziswa.

Okubalulekile: Le mithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba inganciphisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nezifo, okwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola ezinye izifo.

• I-Apremilast (Otezla®) : Leli iphilisi eliphuzwa ngomlomo. Livunyelwe ukwelapha izilonda emlonyeni kubantu abanesifo sikaBehçet.

Kuye ngokuthi isimo sakho sibucayi kangakanani, udokotela wakho angase azame ukulawula izimpawu ngezinto ezifana namaconsi amehlo, izihlanzi zomlomo, kanye namafutha esikhumba ngaphambi kokusebenzisa le mithi.

Luhlobo luni lwethemba ongaba nalo ngenkathi uphila nalesi sifo?

I-Behçet's iyisifo esingamahlalakhona . Lokhu kusho ukuthi, naphezu kokwelashwa, ngezinye izikhathi inganyamalala futhi ibuye ivele. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukusho ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele kangakanani. Iziguli eziningi kuzodingeka zibhekane nalezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi kukho konke ukuphila kwazo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile negcwele .

Ungabhekana kanjani ngempumelelo nalesi sifo?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokusiza uma uphila nalesi sifo:

• Ukulinganisela phakathi kokuphumula nomsebenzi : Uhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluqhubekayo luzokwenza umzimba wakho uzizwe kahle, lunciphise ubuhlungu bamalunga nezinye izindawo eziyinkinga. Futhi, ukuthatha isikhathi sokuphumula lapho izimpawu zinzima kuhle empilweni yakho yengqondo futhi kunganciphisa umthelela wezimpawu.
• Okuhlangenwe nakho okwabiwe kanye nomphakathi : Lokhu kusho ukuthola nokukhuluma nabanye abantu abanesimo esifanayo. Lokhu kungaba nzima ngoba lesi simo asivamile. Kodwa udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola abantu abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo.

Ingabe lesi sifo singaba yingozi?

Izinga lokufa ngenxa yalesi sifo licishe libe ngu-5%.Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokufa ukubhoboka kwamathumbu, ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, kanye nokuqhuma kwe-aneurysms. Nakuba isifo sikaBehçet singabulali ngokuqondile, singabangela izinkinga zempilo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezimo zezokwelapha emzimbeni wonke, eziningi zazo ezibuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuphatha lesi sifo ngempumelelo futhi uphile impilo evamile . Ikakhulukazi uma uvivinya umzimba njalo, uphumula, futhi ukhuluma nabanye abadlula entweni efanayo.

Ekugcineni, khumbula lezi zinto!

Isifo sikaBehçet singaba yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesingathandeki. Kodwa khumbula:

• Lesi yisifo esilawulekayo .
• Uma unalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .
• Ungazama ukuphila impilo evamile ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
• Ungahlupheki wedwa, xhumana namaqembu okusekelana noma ezinye iziguli .

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!