Wake wazizwa sengathi kukhona okushintshayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, okukushiya uzizwa ungakhululekile? Uzizwa sengathi uhlelo lwakho lusebenza ngokushesha kakhulu, okwenza ukhathazeke, ungazinzi, noma ungakwazi ukugxila? Uma kunjalo, indlala yakho ye-thyroid ingase isebenze kanzima kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperthyroidism.
Kuyini i-Hyperthyroidism? Masikwenze kube lula!
Kalula nje, i-hyperthyroidism yenzeka lapho i-thyroid gland entanyeni yakho isebenza ngokweqile futhi ikhiqiza i-thyroid hormone eningi kakhulu. I-thyroid yakho iyi-gland encane, efana novemvane etholakala ngaphambili entanyeni yakho. Nakuba incane, idlala indima enkulu emzimbeni wakho. Ama-hormone e-thyroid abalulekile ekulawuleni imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba wakho, ikakhulukazi i-metabolism yakho—izinga umzimba wakho osebenzisa ngalo amandla.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-hormone e-thyroid ayinhloko: i-triiodothyronine (T3) kanye ne-thyroxine (T4). Kukhona futhi i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH), ekhishwa yi-pituitary gland yakho ukuze ibonise i-thyroid yakho ukuthi ikhiqize la ma-hormone. Ku-hyperthyroidism, inani elikhulu le-T3 kanye ne-T4 lingena egazini lakho. Lokhu kusheshisa izinqubo zomzimba wakho, kukwenze uzizwe sengathi lonke uhlelo lwakho luqhutshwe ngokweqile, njengesitimela esisheshayo. Ungase uzizwe sengathi awuyena wena uqobo. Ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu nokukhuluma nodokotela kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile.
Sivame Kangakanani Lesi Simo?
I-Hyperthyroidism ayivamile kakhulu. Ngokwesimo sayo, ithinta cishe u-1.3% wabantu emazweni afana ne-United States. Kodwa-ke, ngoba ingathinta kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke, ukuqonda izimpawu zayo kubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu.
Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Hyperthyroidism? Hlola ukuthi unayo yini yalezi!
Ngenxa yokuthi i-hyperthyroidism ithinta lonke uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla, izimpawu zayo zingasakazeka kabanzi. Abanye abantu babhekana nezimpawu ezimbalwa nje ezincane, kanti abanye babhekana nezimpawu eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Zinike isikhashana ukuze ubone ukuthi uyayibona yini enye yalezi:
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (i-tachycardia) kanye/noma umuzwa wokushaya ngamandla esifubeni sakho (ukushaya kwenhliziyo)—cishe njengesigubhu esishaya ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Ukuthuthumela kwezandla , lapho ungase ubone khona izandla zakho zithuthumela ngisho nalapho wenza imisebenzi elula njengokubamba inkomishi yetiye.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile njalo, ungahlaliseki, futhi/noma ucasuka kalula .
- Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki , noma ngabe isifiso sakho sokudla sesikhulile futhi udla kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo noma indle ekhululekile ( uhudo ).
- Ukujuluka okukhulu kanye nokuzwela okuphawulekayo noma ukungabekezelelani nokushisa.
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele , noma izinwele ezincane neziqhekekile.
- Ubunzima bokulala ( ukungalali ), okukushiya uzulazula futhi ujikajika ebusuku.
- Izinguquko emijikelezweni yokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane, njengokugeleza kwegazi okuncane noma ukuya esikhathini ( ukuya esikhathini ) kuyeka ngokuphelele.
- Ukuvuvukala ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, okungaba yiqhubu le-thyroid noma i-goiter enkulu ( i-goiter ).
- Amehlo avuvukile, avuvukile, noma avele ngaphandle (isifo samehlo e-thyroid).
Lezi zimpawu zingavela ngokuzumayo noma zivele kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Okubaluleke kakhulu, uma ubona uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lwalezi zixwayiso, kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso.
Yini Ebangela I-Hyperthyroidism?
Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona ze-hyperthyroidism. Ake sibheke izizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka:
- Isifo sikaGraves: Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu se-hyperthyroidism. Isifo sikaGraves siyisimo sokuzivikela komzimba. Kalula nje, amasosha omzimba wakho ahlasela ngephutha futhi avuselele indlala yakho yegilo, ayiphoqe ukuthi ikhiqize amahomoni amaningi. Uma unomlando womndeni wezinkinga zegilo noma ezinye izimo zokuzivikela komzimba, ungase ube sengozini enkulu.
- Amaqhubu e-thyroid: Lawa amaqhubu noma ukukhula okungajwayelekile kwamaseli ngaphakathi kwe-thyroid gland yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, la maqhubu asebenza ngokuzimela futhi akhiqize i-hormone eyengeziwe ye-thyroid. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi i-toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG). Ngenhlanhla, la maqhubu e-thyroid awavamile ukuba nomdlavuza.
- I-thyroiditis: Lokhu kubhekisela ekuvuvukeni kwendlala yegilo. Kungabangela ukuthi i-hormone yegilo egciniwe iphume, okuholela ku-hyperthyroidism yesikhashana. Ngemva kwalesi sigaba se-hormone eyengeziwe, ungase ube nesikhathi sesikhashana se-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle) ngaphambi kokuba i-thyroid yakho ilulame ngokugcwele futhi amazinga e-hormone abuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.
- I-Iodine Eningi: I-thyroid gland yakho isebenzisa i-iodine ekudleni kwakho ukuze ikhiqize ama-hormone. Ukudla i-iodine eningi kakhulu (ngokudla noma ngemithi) kungabangela i-thyroid yakho ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka ngemuva kokuthola i-IV iodine contrast (udayi osetshenziswa kwezinye izithombe) noma ngenkathi uthatha imithi efana ne-amiodarone (esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo).
- I-adenoma ye-pituitary ekhipha i-TSH (i-thyrotropinoma): Lena imbangela engavamile kakhulu. Isimila esingenabungozi endlaleni ye-pituitary (etholakala phansi kobuchopho bakho) singakhipha i-TSH eningi kakhulu, sitshele njalo i-thyroid yakho ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone ngokweqile.
Ubani Osengozini Ephakeme Yokuthola I-Hyperthyroidism?
Nakuba noma ubani engaba ne-hyperthyroidism, izici ezithile eziyingozi zingandisa amathuba akho okubhekana nayo. Lezi zifaka:
- Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo se-thyroid noma ezinye izifo ezizimele.
- Ukubhema.
- Ukukhulelwa (ikakhulukazi mayelana ne-postpartum thyroiditis, engenzeka ngemva kokubeletha).
I-Hyperthyroidism Itholakala Kanjani?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-hyperthyroidism, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele, okuvame ukufaka izinyathelo eziningana:
1. Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Udokotela wakho uzohlola izimpawu zomzimba ze-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile, njenge-thyroid gland ekhulisiwe, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuthuthumela ezandleni zakho, noma isikhumba esifudumele nesimanzi.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Le-thyroid: Lokhu kulinganisa amazinga ama-hormone e-thyroid egazini lakho. Ku-hyperthyroidism, amazinga e-T3 kanye ne-T4 ngokuvamile aphezulu kunokuvamile, kuyilapho izinga le-hormone yakho evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) livame ukucindezelwa (nakuba kungesona njalo) noma liphansi kakhulu.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Antibody E-thyroid: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kusiza ekuboneni ukuthi isifo sikaGraves siyimbangela eyinhloko yesimo sakho.
4. Ukuhlolwa Kokuthwebula Izithombe: Amasu ahlukahlukene okuthwebula izithombe asiza ekutholeni imbangela eqondile ye-hyperthyroidism. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa nokuskena kwe-radioactive iodine (RAIU), noma i-thyroid ultrasound. Udokotela wakho uzochaza lezi zivivinyo futhi ancome inketho engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho.
Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha I-Hyperthyroidism?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism ingelapheka kakhulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe incike embangela eyinhloko, eminyakeni yakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngalezi zinketho ukuze aklame uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nawe.
- Imithi Yokulwa Ne-thyroid: Imithi efana ne-methimazole (Tapazole®) kanye ne-propylthiouracil (PTU) ivimba ikhono le-thyroid lakho lokukhiqiza ama-hormone amasha. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yindlela yokuqala yokuzivikela. Ingaletha amazinga e-thyroid hormone yakho ebangeni eliphephile phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni, okusiza izimpawu zakho ziphele.
- Ukwelashwa nge-Radioactive Iodine (RAI): Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha i-radioactive iodine ngomlomo njenge-capsule noma uketshezi. I-iodine ithathwa amangqamuzana e-thyroid asebenzayo, kancane kancane awabhubhise. Nakuba lokhu kuyindlela ephumelelayo nehlala njalo yokwelapha i-hyperthyroidism, ngokuvamile kuholela ekubeni i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, cishe kuzodingeka uphuze imithi yokushintsha ama-hormone e-thyroid nsuku zonke (i-levothyroxine) impilo yakho yonke ukuze ugcine ibhalansi evamile yama-hormone.
- Ukuhlinzwa (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-thyroid): Kwezinye izimo, udokotela ohlinzayo angase asuse yonke noma ingxenye ye-thyroid gland yakho. Nakuba lokhu kuxazulula i-hyperthyroidism, ngokuvamile kuholela ku-hypothyroidism, okusho ukuthi uzodinga ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone e-thyroid impilo yakho yonke.
- Ama-Beta-Blockers: Nakuba le mithi ingashintshi amazinga akho e-thyroid hormone, isebenza ngokushesha ukuqeda izimpawu ezingakhululekile njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuthuthumela, nokukhathazeka ngenkathi ezinye izindlela zakho zokwelapha ziqala ukusebenza.
Inketho ngayinye yokwelashwa iza nezinzuzo zayo, imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi zayo. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukukuqondisa kulezi zinketho. Ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza imibuzo.
Iyini Ithemba Lesikhathi Eside Ngomuntu Onesifo Se-Hyperthyroidism? (Isibikezelo)
I-Hyperthyroidism iyisimo esilawuleka kalula. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bayaqhubeka nokuphila impilo enempilo nesebenzayo. Ngisho noma ukwelashwa kwakho kudinga ukuthi uphuze imithi yansuku zonke isikhathi eside, kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine amazinga ajwayelekile nama-hormone azinzile.
Kodwa-ke, uma singelashwa, isifo sikaGraves (imbangela ehamba phambili ye-hyperthyroidism) singaholela ezinkingeni ezifana ne-Graves' ophthalmopathy (isifo samehlo se-thyroid). Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikaGraves, sebenzisana eduze nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze usiphathe kahle.
Kwenzekani Uma I-Hyperthyroidism Ingalashwa? Ingabe Iyingozi?
Yebo, ukunganaki noma ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism ngendlela engafanele kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuhlanganisa:
- I-Atrial fibrillation (Afib), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile futhi okuvame ukushesha
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana
- Ukungazali noma ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini
- I-Ischemic stroke
- I-Osteoporosis (amathambo abuthakathaka, aqhekeka kalula)
Inkinga engavamile kodwa esongela impilo ye-hyperthyroidism engalashwa yi-thyroid storm (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-thyroid crisis noma i-thyrotoxic crisis). Ngesikhathi se-thyroid storm, i-thyroid yakho ikhipha ngokuzumayo inani elikhulu lama-hormone e-thyroid egazini lakho esikhathini esifushane. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile sibangelwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba—njengokutheleleka okukhulu, ukulimala, noma ukuhlinzwa—kumuntu one-hyperthyroidism engalashwanga noma engaphathwanga kahle.
Kufanele Ubone Udokotela Nini?
Uma ubhekene nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa.
Uma usuvele utholakale une-HIV, uzodinga ukuhlolwa njalo nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuqashwe amazinga akho ama-hormone futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle.
Uma ubona izimpawu zesiphepho se-thyroid—njengomkhuhlane ophakeme kakhulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukudideka, noma ukuphazamiseka okukhulu—shayela u-911 (noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni) noma ufune usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze.
Ingabe Lesi Simo Sibangela Ukukhuluphala?
Ngokuvamile, i-hyperthyroidism ayibangeli ukukhuluphala. Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi bancipha isisindo naphezu kokuba nesifiso sokudla esengeziwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ama-hormone e-thyroid aweqile akhuphula izinga lakho lokugaya ukudla, okwenza umzimba wakho ushise amakhalori ngokushesha kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle (i-hypothyroidism) yehlisa ijubane lokugaya ukudla, okuyikho okuvame ukuholela ekukhuluphaleni.
Ungakwazi Yini Ukuthuthukisa I-Hyperthyroidism Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?
Yebo, i-hyperthyroidism ingenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngesikhathi se-trimester yakho yokuqala, umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo ukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu ama-hormone e-thyroid ukusekela ukukhula komntwana wakho. Nakuba ukwanda okuncane kuyinto evamile, amazinga aphezulu kakhulu ama-hormone e-thyroid adinga ukubhekwa eduze nokuphathwa ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo . Amazinga e-thyroid angalawulwa angabangela izingozi empilweni yakho kanye nengane yakho esakhula.
Ukuhlonza i-hyperthyroidism ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi ngoba izimpawu ezivamile zokukhulelwa, njengokukhathala, ukungabekezelelani nokushisa, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, zingafana neze-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile.
Yikuphi Ukudla Okufanele Ukugweme Uma Une-Hyperthyroidism?
Kwezinye izimo, ukudla ukudla okune-iodine eningi noma okune-iodine kungabangela noma kube kubi kakhulu i-hyperthyroidism.
Uma une-hyperthyroidism, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi ulungise ukudla kwakho. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla esibhalisiwe ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezibalulekile ekudleni. Khumbula ukuthi ukudla kuphela akukwazi ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism; ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuyadingeka.
Uma udokotela wakho encoma ukudla okune-iodine ephansi, kungadingeka ukuthi unciphise noma ugweme ukudla okulandelayo:
- Inhlanzi
- Ukhula lwasolwandle kanye ne-kelp
- Izinkalankala nama-lobster
- I-Sushi
- I-shrimp
- I-algae kanye ne-alginates
- Imikhiqizo yobisi, njengobisi noshizi
- Amaqanda omisiwe
- Usawoti oxutshwe ne-iodized
Umyalezo Wokuya Nawo Ekhaya
Ukuthola noma yikuphi ukuxilongwa kungase kuzwakale kukucindezela ekuqaleni. Kodwa khumbula, i-hyperthyroidism ilawuleka kakhulu futhi iyelapheka. Uma uzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho usebenza ngokweqile, noma uma ubhekene nokukhathazeka, ukuthuthumela, noma imicabango egijimayo, sicela uxhumane nodokotela. Ngokuhlolwa okulula okumbalwa, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukubuyisela umzimba wakho esimweni esijwayelekile. Phefumula kakhulu—ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ungabuyisa impilo yakho futhi uzizwe njengawe futhi!
