Ingabe unamabala amabi esikhumbeni sakho? Kungaba yi-Actinic Keratosis!

Wake wazibona izindawo ezincane, ezimahhadla, ezinamabala esikhumbeni sakho, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivezwe elangeni? Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungazinaki kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zalezi zindawo zingaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Actinic Keratosis . Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngakho kancane namuhla, akunjalo?

Kuyini i-Actinic Keratosis?

Kalula nje, i-actinic keratosis , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-solar keratosis, uhlobo lwesifo sesikhumba esibangela amabala aqinile, anamabala esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa iminyaka eminingi yokuchayeka elangeni.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi, le `(Actinic Keratosis)` ingaphambi komdlavuza . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma la mabala engelashwa kahle, amanye awo angaphenduka abe `(Squamous Cell Carcinoma)`, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba . Ungakhathazeki, akuwona wonke `(Actinic Keratosis)` azophenduka abe umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ngawo ngoba ayingozi. Eqinisweni, lesi yisimo sesikhumba esivame kakhulu ngaphambi komdlavuza . Izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke zinalesi simo.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu?

Akekho ofuna ukubhekana nalezi zinto. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-"Actinic Keratosis". Bheka ukuthi uwela yini kulesi sigaba:

• Abantu abangazivikeli isikhumba sabo elangeni: Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko. Abantu abahlala elangeni njalo ngaphandle kwezibuko zelanga, izigqoko, noma i-sunscreen basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, izinwele ezinsundu noma ezibomvu: Abantu abanamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aluhlaza nabo basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhumba sabo sine-melanin encane, umbala osivikela elangeni.
• Abantu abanomlando wokushiswa yilanga njalo noma kakhulu: Uma ushiswe yilanga kusukela ebuntwaneni, lokho kungaba yimbangela.
• Abantu abanesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka: Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka uma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo ezithile (isib. i-HIV ), noma ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa nge- immunotherapy yomdlavuza, noma imithi ethathwe ngemva kokufakelwa isitho somzimba.
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40: Lokhu kungabonakala njengoba sikhula ngenxa yeminyaka yokuchayeka elangeni eqongelelekayo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abasebasha nabo bangaba nakho, ikakhulukazi uma bechitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni.

Kungani kwenzeka i-actinic keratosis?

Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu imisebe ye-ultraviolet (UV) elangeni.Yebo, ukukhanya kwelanga okufanayo okusinika sonke i-vitamin D, kodwa okuningi kakhulu kungabangela izinkinga. Imisebe ye-UV ayiveli elangeni kuphela, ivela nakumadivayisi okukhanya okwenziwa njengemibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba abanye abantu abayisebenzisayo ukwenza isikhumba sabo sibukeke singcono.

Le misebe ye-'UV' ingalimaza amaseli angaphezulu kwesikhumba sethu, abizwa ngokuthi 'amaKeratinocytes'. Uma lo monakalo uqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawo maseli aqala ukukhula ngendlela engavamile. Yilapho kuvela khona la mabala e-'Actinic Keratosis'. Njengoba nje isitshalo sibola uma siniselwa kakhulu, isikhumba sethu siyalimala nalapho sichayeka kakhulu emisebeni ye-'UV'.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ukubona kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, uphawu lokuqala lwe-Actinic Keratosis kuba yiqhubu noma ibala eliqinile, eliphakanyisiwe esikhumbeni. Kungase kuzwakale kuqinile, njengephepha lesihlabathi uma kuthintwa. Lokhu kungaba ngemibala ehlukahlukene:

• Umbala ompunga
• Umbala opinki
• Umbala obomvu
• Umbala wesikhumba ofanayo nowakho, kodwa uqinile.
• Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube khona okuthile okufana nezikali eziphuzi noma ezinsundu kula mabala.

Lezi zingaba ngobukhulu obusukela kumamilimitha ambalwa kuya cishe kumasentimitha amabili . Zivame ukubonakala ezindaweni ezivame ukuchayeka elangeni, njengobuso , izindlebe, isikhumba sekhanda, intamo, umhlane wezandla, kanye nebunzi .

Kungase kube nezinye izimpawu:

• Ukopha okuvela endaweni ethile (ikakhulukazi kusuka esithweni sangasese sowesifazane)
• Ukusha, ukuthuthumela, noma ukuzwa ukulunywa endaweni
• Izindebe ezomile neziqhekekile (ezibizwa nangokuthi 'i-Actinic Cheilitis')
• Ngezinye izikhathi ungabona ukukhula kwesikhumba ('uphondo lwesikhumba') oluvela phezulu njengophondo lwesilwane .
• Ukushintsha kombala wezindebe
• Ubuhlungu noma ukuzwela kuleyo ndawo

Okubalulekile: Uma ubona indawo entsha, iqhubu, ukushintsha kombala, noma yiluphi ushintsho endaweni ekhona (njengokukhula, ukushintsha kombala, noma ukopha) esikhumbeni sakho, ungakushayi indiva . Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Udokotela wazi kanjani ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kukhona?

Uma unokungabaza ngemvukuzane efana nale, ungabona udokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wesikhumba .

Udokotela uvame ukwenza lokhu:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okuphelele: Hlola isikhumba somzimba wakho wonke, ikakhulukazi izindawo ezivezwe elangeni.

2. Ukusebenzisa ilensi yokukhulisa: Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa ingilazi yokukhulisa ukuze kubonakale kahle indawo.

3. Ukuhlolwa Kwesikhumba: UdokotelaUma kukhona ukungabaza nge-mole, noma uma ibukeka ingajwayelekile, kuthathwa isikhumba esincane bese sithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze sibhekwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Kuhilela ukudambisa izinhlungu kancane. Yilokhu okuvumela ukuxilongwa okunembile .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, kunezindlela zokwelapha i-Actinic Keratosis! Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe enanini lamabala onawo, ukubukeka kwawo, kanye nendawo akuyo.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

Ukwelashwa okwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela:

• Ama -Chemical Clears: Lokhu kufana ne-mask yobuso yezinga lezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho ufaka i-chemical ekhethekile esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kusebenza ngokubhubhisa ungqimba lwangaphandle lwamaseli esikhumba. Indawo ingase ibe bomvu futhi ibe buhlungu izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa njengoba isikhumba siphola, kuvela isikhumba esisha nesinempilo.
• Ukwelashwa nge-cryotherapy: Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa uma une-moles eyodwa noma ezimbili ezincane. Udokotela usebenzisa into ebandayo kakhulu, njenge -nitrogen ewuketshezi, ukuze aqandise i-moles. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, i-moles izoqhuma, yome, bese iwela.
• Ukususwa: Kule nqubo, udokotela uqala ngokufaka izinzwa endaweni lapho kukhona khona i-mole. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-mole iyaklwejwa, noma isikwe, bese kufakwa umthungo owodwa noma emibili endaweni. Inxeba liyaphola emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Photodynamic (PDT): Uma unezindawo eziningi, noma uma ziqhubeka zibuya naphezu kokwelashwa, udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kwelashwa. Kulokhu kwelashwa, kufakwa ukhilimu okhethekile ("i-"photosensitizing agent"`) ezindaweni, futhi ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, kufakwa ukukhanya okukhethekile (``ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka`` noma ``ukukhanya okubomvu``) kuzo. Lokhu kubhubhisa amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza. Kufanele ugweme ilanga ngokuphelele izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa ekhaya:

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma unezindawo eziningi, noma uma izindawo zincane kangangokuthi azibonakali kahle, udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-cream noma ama-gel okusebenzisa ekhaya. Lokhu kudinga ukufakwa nsuku zonke izinyanga eziningana (mhlawumbe kuze kube izinyanga ezine).

Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• `Ijeli yesikhumba ye-Diclofenac (ijeli ye-Voltaren ®)` – Kubalulekile: Nakuba ijeli ye-`Voltaren®` isitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta, akufanele uyisebenzise wedwa ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela ekuncomele ngokuqondile `(i-Actinic Keratosis)`.
• "I-Fluorouracil, noma ukhilimu wesikhumba we-5-FU (Fluorac®)"
• ``I-Imiquimod skin cream (Aldara® noma i-Zyclara®)''
• "Ijeli ye-Ingenol mebutate (Picato®)"

Abanye abantu bangase babe nokubomvu, ukusha, noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba lapho befaka lawa ma-cream. Kodwa lokho kuyingxenye yokwelashwa. Uma unenkinga, tshela udokotela wakho .

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokwelashwa? Ngingabuya?

Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sizohluka kuye ngenani lamabala e-Actinic Keratosis onawo, ubukhulu bawo, kanye nokwelashwa okutholile. Ngokuvamile, amabala azophela cishe ngokuphelele cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemva kokwelashwa.

Ngemva kokuba amabala esenyamalele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze akuhlole kanye noma kabili ngonyaka . Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wesikhumba izikhathi ezine noma ezinhlanu ngonyaka.

Yebo, i-Actinic Keratosis ingabuya, ikakhulukazi uma ungaqhubeki nokuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni ngesikhathi nangemva kokwelashwa.

Okubaluleke kakhulu! Ungakugwema kanjani i-Actinic Keratosis?

Lena yingxenye engcono kakhulu yale ndaba. Kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-`(Actinic Keratosis)`. Into eyinhloko ukunciphisa ukuchayeka okungadingekile emisebeni ye-`UV`.

Nazi izinto ongayenza ngayo:

• Faka isithako sokuvikela ilanga nsuku zonke: Ungayeki ukufaka isithako sokuvikela ilanga, ngisho noma kunezinsukwana eziguqubele noma ebusika. Khetha isithako sokuvikela ilanga okungenani esine -SPF 30 (Sun Protection Factor) noma ngaphezulu, kanye ne-wide-spectrum (okungukuthi, esivikela emisebeni ye-UVA kanye ne-UVB). Faka imizuzu eyi-15-30 ngaphambi kokuya ngaphandle, bese uphinda usifake njalo emahoreni amabili uma ujuluka, ubhukuda, noma ubhukuda.
• Gwema imisebe yelanga enamandla kakhulu: imisebe ye-UV inamandla kakhulu phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-2 ntambama (kwezinye izindawo, ngo-4 ntambama). Nciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho elangeni phakathi nalezi zikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga okwenziwe: Ungasebenzisi izinto ezifana ne-`(ama-tanning salon)`, `(izibani zelanga)`, `(imibhede yokushisisa)`. Ziphinde zikhiphe imisebe ye-`UV` eyingozi.
• Gqoka izingubo ezivikela ilanga: Gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide, ibhulukwe elide, isigqoko esinompheme obanzi, kanye nezibuko zelanga ezivikela i-UV ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ingabe kufanele sesabe lesi simo?

I-Actinic Keratosis yisimo okufanele sicatshangelwe, kodwa akuyona into okufanele sikhathazeke ngayo . Ezimweni eziningi, la mabala angelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele. Cishe abantu abangu-90% abane-Actinic Keratosis ababi nomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Kodwa, khumbula, iningi lomdlavuza wesikhumba we-Squamous Cell Carcinoma uqala njenge-Actinic Keratosis. Yingakho kungafanele sithathe lesi simo kalula. Uma sisheshe saziwa futhi selashwa, mancane amathuba okuthi sibe umdlavuza.

Kunini lapho kungcono ukubona udokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu esikhumbeni sakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela:

• Uma ibala esikhumbeni liphuma igazi, liqhuma, lishisa, noma liluma .
• Uma ubona iqhubu esikhumbeni eliphuma njengophondo lwesilwane .
• Uma kuvela amabala amasha, aqinile, aphakanyisiwe, abomvu, noma anamabala noma uma akhona eshintsha.

Kalula nje, uma ubona okuthile okusha, ushintsho, noma okuthile okusolisayo esikhumbeni sakho, ungakushayi indiva.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma ubona udokotela, ungakhohlwa ukubuza le mibuzo:

• "Dokotela, kungani nginale `(Actinic Keratosis)`?"
• "Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu kimi?"
• "Yiziphi izingozi noma imiphumela emibi engase ibangelwe yilezi zindlela zokwelapha?"
• "Yiziphi izinkinga okufanele ngiziqaphele?"
• "Kufanele ngenzeni ngemva kokwelashwa, futhi kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani?"
• "Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivimbele into efana nale ukuthi ingaphinde yenzeke?"

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, i-`(Actinic Keratosis)` yisimo sesikhumba esidinga ukwelashwa nokunakekelwa okusheshayo . Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungelashwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngezimonyo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni nasemisebeni ye-`UV` . Ngemuva kwalokho unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yalesi simo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-Actinic Keratosis, sicela ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko . Uma ufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba iyancipha. Nakekela isikhumba sakho, ngoba siyimpahla yakho eyigugu kakhulu!