Ake sifunde ngesivivinyo esihlola umbono wakho? (Isivivinyo Sensimu Ebonakalayo)

Wake waya kudokotela wamehlo wacela ukuba enze isivivinyo esikhethekile ukuze abone ukuthi umbono wakho uqhele kangakanani? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo." Empeleni kuyisilingo esilula kakhulu, esingenabuhlungu. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe.

Lokhu `(Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo)` kubhekani?

Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa izinto ezimbili eziyinhloko.

• Kuyindlela amehlo akho angabona ngayo phezulu, phansi, kwesobunxele, nakwesokudla uma ubheka phambili ngaphandle kokunyakaza ikhanda lakho.
• Enye into ukuthi, unayo yonke indawo ongayibona (lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'insimu ebonakalayo'), nokuthi umbono wakho ubucayi kangakanani engxenyeni ngayinye yayo.

Uyazi, amehlo ethu angabona indawo enkulu phambi kwethu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngisho noma ungawasusi amehlo akho, awukwazi ukubona okuqondile phambili kuphela, kodwa futhi nokungaphezulu, ngezansi, kanye nasezinhlangothini. Odokotela babiza lokho okubonayo ngaphandle kwale ndawo eqondile ngokuthi "umbono ongaphandle." Lokho okubonayo ngqo phambili "umbono ophakathi."

Ngokuvamile, sibona ngokucacile phakathi 'kwale nsimu yokubuka'. Yingakho uphendula amehlo akho ukuze ubheke into ofuna ukuyibona ngokucacile. Njengoba usuka enkabeni yokubuka kwakho, izinto ziya ngokuya zingacaci. Uma into ihambela kude kakhulu eceleni, iyanyamalala ngokuphelele emehlweni akho.

I-"Visual Field Test" yenziwa nini?

Uma ubona udokotela wamehlo (udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo), bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kwendawo ebonakalayo njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Lokhu kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi athole izimpawu zokuqala zezimo ezifana ne -glaucoma , engalimala kancane kancane amehlo akho. Abanye abantu abane-glaucoma bangase bangaboni noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwabo ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwendawo ebonakalayo kungabona ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kungakutshela okunye futhi. Kukutshela ukuthi izingxenye zesimiso sezinzwa ezikusiza ukuthi ubone zisebenza kanjani. Izingxenye zesimiso sezinzwa ezikusiza ukuthi ubone zifaka:

• I-retina yakho: Lokhu kufana ne-transducer engaphakathi kweso lakho. Ithatha amandla okukhanya bese iwaguqula abe isignali kagesi.
• Inzwa yakho yokubona : Le nzwa ithwala lezo zimpawu zikagesi iziyise ebuchosheni, lapho ziguqulwa khona zibe izithombe.
• Ubuchopho Bakho: Ekugcineni, lezo zimpawu ziba yizithombe ozibonayo ngaphakathi kobuchopho bakho.

Cabanga nje, uma kunenkinga noma kuphi kulesi simiso, ingathinta insimu yakho yokubona. Kunezindlela ezithile emiphumeleni yalolu vivinyo. Ngokubheka lezo zindlela, odokotela bangaqonda kalula ukuthi hlobo luni lomonakalo noma isifo olukhona.

Futhi, ngokuphinda lokhu "Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo" ngezikhathi ezithile, odokotela bangabona ukuthi isimo sakho siyathuthuka noma siyaba sibi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo udokotela angancoma lolu vivinyo?

Uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, noma uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi unazo, angase akuncome ukuthi wenze "Visual Field Test". Odokotela basebenzisa imiphumela yalolu vivinyo ukuze "baxilonge" futhi "baqaphe" isimo. Isibonelo:

• `(I-Glaucoma)`
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukuwohloka kwe-macular
• `(I-Multiple sclerosis (MS))` (Lesi yisifo esithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa)
• `(Isifo sama-Graves)` (Lesi yisifo esihlobene ne-thyroid gland)
• Isifo se-pituitary gland
• Indawo eyimpumputhe (i-scotoma)

Kungani abanye abantu kufanele benze lokhu "Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo" izikhathi eziningi?

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho wamehlo angakucela ukuthi uphinde wenze lokhu "Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo" ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela inembile. Khumbula, uma uzizwa ukhathele, imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingase ingabi nokwethenjelwa kangako.

Noma, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uphinde wenze lokhu kuhlolwa emavikini ambalwa, ezinyangeni, noma ngisho nangonyaka. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni noma yiziphi izinkinga ezintsha kusenesikhathi . Uma unezinkinga ezithile zamehlo, udokotela wakho uzokwenza lokhu "Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo" njalo ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu lapho welapha abantu abane-glaucoma. Ngisho noma ungaqapheli, uma ukubona kwakho kuncipha, udokotela angakubona kusukela kulokhu kuhlolwa. Leso esinye sezizathu ezenza abantu abane-glaucoma kufanele baye kuyo yonke i-aphoyintimenti udokotela wabo ayibhalele yona .

Kwenzekani uma wenza `(Visual Field Test)`?

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingayo kulokhu (Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo). Akuhlaseli, ngakho-ke amathuba okuba ubhekane nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi aphansi kakhulu.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-"Visual Field Test". Kodwa zonke zinento eyodwa efanayo: kufanele ubheke phambili endaweni ethile, bese ubonisa uma ubona into noma ukukhanya eceleni.

Udokotela wakho uzochaza ngqo ukuthi kufanele ubheke kuphi ukuze enze ukuhlolwa ngendlela efanele.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo ze-"Visual Field Tests", futhi zilula kakhulu:

• Igridi ye-Amsler: Lokhu kufana negridi yesikwele. Kuyiphethini yemigqa eqondile edwetshwe ngephethini yesikwele. Ubheka ichashazi elikhulu phakathi. Bese ungitshela ukuthi imigqa ibukeka ingacacile, imibimbi, noma iphukile kunoma iyiphi ingxenye. Igridi ye-Amsler iyisivivinyo esisheshayo. Kodwa ilinganisa kuphela isikhungo sensimu yakho yokubona (ebizwa ngokuthi umbono ophakathi). Inikeza udokotela ulwazi oluncane kuphela.
• Isivivinyo se-`(Insimu ebonakalayo yoKubhekana)`: Kulokhu, igama elithi 'ukubhekana' lisho ukuthi umuntu owenza isivivinyo uhlala phambi komuntu obhekene nesivivinyo, cishe ngamafidi angu-3 kuya kwangu-4 (cishe imitha). Umuntu owenza isivivinyo welula izingalo zakhe emaceleni. Kufanele ubheke phambili ngqo. Ngemuva kwalokho uletha isandla esisodwa, bese kuba esinye, ngakuwe. Kufanele ubonise uphawu ngokushesha nje lapho ubona isandla sakhe.

Lolu vivinyo "lwensimu ebonakalayo yokuphikisana" lulinganisa kuphela umkhawulo wangaphandle "wensimu ebonakalayo." Alunembile kakhulu.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ze-`(Visual Field Test)`?

Yebo, ungase uzwe ngezinye izinhlobo ze-`(Visual Field Test)` kanye namanye amagama azo. Isibonelo, izivivinyo ze-`static perimetry` kanye ne-`kinetic perimetry`. (`Perimetry test` nayo ingenye igama le-`peripheral vision test`, okusho ukuhlolwa okuhlola umbono ongaphandle.)

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-`(Kinetic perimetry)`: Kulokhu, umuntu owenza ukuhlolwa uhambisa into, futhi kufanele umtshele uma uyibona. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa i-`(Goldmann perimetry test).`
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Static perimetry: Ukuhlolwa kokubona okuzenzakalelayo kwe-peripheral kuwuhlobo lokuhlolwa kwe-static perimetry. Kulolu vivinyo, ubheka emshinini omise okwebhola. Uma ubona into, ucindezela inkinobho ukuyikhombisa. Izibonelo zokuhlolwa kwe-static zifaka phakathi imishini ye-Humphrey ne-Octopus.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-`(Visual Field Test)`?

Ngokuvamile, akuthathi imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu kuya kweyishumi ngeso ngalinye.

Uhlobo luni lwe-`(Visual Field Test)` olunikeza ulwazi olunemininingwane eminingi?

Manje sekukhona amathuluzi ekhompyutha okwenza i-Visual Field Test nokubala imiphumela. Imiphumela etholwe kula mathuluzi inembile kakhulu futhi ingaphindaphindwa. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu:

• Ikhanda lakho lihlala endaweni eyodwa sonke isikhathi obhala ngaso isivivinyo.
• Ungabona ukuthi le divayisi 'inethagethi' enkulu ephakathi. Ngakho-ke ungagcina isikhungo sensimu ebonakalayo siqinile endaweni eyodwa.
• Lawa madivayisi asebenzisa amabala amancane okukhanya ukuhlola umbono. UdokotelaUngalinganisa ukuzwela kokubona endaweni ngayinye, bese ushintsha ukukhanya nombala walokhu kukhanya.
• Kunezindinganiso ezicacile zalokho okushiwo imiphumela 'ejwayelekile'. Le divayisi ingaqhathanisa zonke izivivinyo ezintsha ezenzayo nalezi zindinganiso.

Ithini imiphumela ye-`(Visual Field Test)`?

Umphumela 'ojwayelekile' ku-"Visual Field Test" usho ukuthi ungabona kahle njengomuntu ongenazo izinkinga zokubona.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi umbono unciphile kangakanani nokuthi yiziphi izindawo ezithintekile. Idivayisi iphrinta imiphumela njengokuthi `amaphethini amachashazi` noma `izinombolo`. Lawa maphethini atshela udokotela wakho ukuthi amehlo akho kanye nohlelo lwakho lwensimu yokubona lusebenza kahle kangakanani. Lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi yisiphi isimo sempilo esiyisisekelo nokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okudingayo.

Ukuhlolwa okubonisa ukulahleka kwensimu yokubona kusho ukuthi umbono wakho awubukhali njengoba kufanele ube njalo kwezinye izindawo. Ukuhlolwa kungabonisa ukuthi ulahlekelwe umbono endaweni encane, noma ukuthi ulahlekelwe umbono ngokuphelele ezindaweni ezinkulu.

Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho kufanele akwazi ukukunikeza imiphumela ngokushesha.

Uma imiphumela ingajwayelekile, kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Imiphumela engavamile ingasho izinto eziningi ezahlukene. Le miphumela ingabonisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkinga, njenge-`(Glaucoma)`, `(Macular degeneration)` noma `(Stroke`). Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo ezilandelayo (`zokulandelela`) zingase zihluke.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokhuluma nawe ngezinketho zakho zokwelapha.

Kufanele ngishayele nini udokotela wami ucingo?

Uma uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa umbono okusha noma ukungakhululeki kwamehlo, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho wamehlo njalo. Uma uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo noma ubuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo, kufanele uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Kungumqondo omuhle ukuba nokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo. Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwakho, cishe uzoba nokuhlolwa kwendawo yokubona ukuze ubone ukuthi ubona kahle kangakanani ngenhla, ngezansi, nasemaceleni kwamehlo akho. Uma kukhona izinkinga ngenkundla yakho yokubona, imiphumela ingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi athole isimo sezokwelapha ongase ube naso noma abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kwamanje kusebenza kahle kangakanani.

Ngakho-ke, yini okudingeka siyikhumbule kukho konke lokhu?

"Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo" kuyindlela elula, engenabuhlungu elinganisa ububanzi bokubona kwakho, okusho ukuthi ungabona kahle kangakanani hhayi nje phambili kuphela, kodwa futhi nasezindaweni ezikuzungezile.

Lokhu kuwusizo olukhulu ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kwezifo ezifana ne-glaucoma kanye nokuqapha izimo ezikhona.

Uma udokotela wakho wamehlo encoma lokhu kuhlolwa, qiniseka ukuthi uyakwenza, ngoba kungabaluleka kakhulu ekugcineni amehlo akho ayigugu .

Uma ubona izinguquko ezisheshayo embonweni wakho noma ebuhlungwini, ungakhohlwa ukubona udokotela ngokushesha.

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Ukuhlolwa kwensimu yokubuka, ukubona ngamehlo, i-glaucoma, ukubona okungaphandle, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, inzwa yokubona, igridi ye-Amsler