Inkinga yenhliziyo? Ake sifunde konke mayelana ne-Echocardiogram!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kwenzekani enhliziyweni yakho nokuthi kusebenza kanjani? Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela angakutshela ukuthi 'wenze i-echo'. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa kafushane ngokuthi iyini i-echocardiogram nokuthi ingayithola kanjani. Kalula nje, i-echocardiogram ukuhlolwa okubonisa isithombe sokunyakaza kwenhliziyo yakho. Kulesi sivivinyo, udokotela noma uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe ubeka idivayisi encane ephathwayo esifubeni sakho futhi asebenzise amaza omsindo avame kakhulu abizwa ngokuthi i-ultrasound ukuthatha izithombe zama-valve namakamelo enhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone kahle ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ipompa kanjani igazi .

Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa lolu vivinyo kanye ne -Doppler ultrasound kanye ne-color Doppler ukuze babheke ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani ema-valve enhliziyo. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi lolu vivinyo alusebenzisi noma yimiphi imisebe. Lokhu kuhlukile kwezinye izivivinyo ezisebenzisa imisebe , njenge -X-ray noma i-CT scans .

Ubani owenza le echocardiogram?

Uyazi ukuthi ubani owenza le echocardiogram? Kukhona umuntu oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ngayo, simbiza ngokuthi i- cardiac sonographer . Yibo abasebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe bamuva futhi benza lokhu kuhlolwa egumbini lesibhedlela, noma ngezinye izikhathi esikhungweni sokwelashwa kwenhliziyo esikhethekile ( i-catheterization lab ).

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-echocardiograms?

Yebo, empeleni kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kwe-echo. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo ezithile ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni isifo senhliziyo yakho. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko yilezi:

• I-Transthoracic echocardiogram: Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukwenziwa futhi olujwayelekile kakhulu kubantu abaningi.
• I-Transesophageal echocardiogram: Lena indlela ekhethekile kancane evumela ukubhekisisa inhliziyo.
• I-echocardiogram yokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca: Lokhu kuhlola inhliziyo yakho ngenkathi uzivocavoca.

Yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwe-echo?

Kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukene ukuthatha izithombe zenhliziyo yakho. Indlela engcono kakhulu izoncika esimweni sakho kanye nalokho udokotela afuna ukukubona.

• I-ultrasound enezinhlangothi ezimbili (2D): Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Inhliziyo ibonakala esikrinini sekhompyutha njenge "zingcezu".
• I-ultrasound enezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D): Le ndlela ye-3D isithuthuke kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe obusha. Ingathatha isithombe esiphelele senhliziyo enezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ibonisa indlela igazi elimpontshwa ngayo ngokucacile, futhi ungabona nenhliziyo ngezindlela ezahlukene.
• I-Doppler ultrasound: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi igazi lakho ligeleza ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi liqonde ngakuphi.
• I-Color Doppler ultrasound: Lokhu kukhombisa nokugeleza kwegazi, kodwa ngombala. Kulula ukukuqonda ngoba igazi ligeleza ngezindlela ezahlukene, libonisa imibala ehlukene.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe zokucindezeleka: Lokhu kubonisa izinguquko ezincane endleleni imisipha yenhliziyo ehamba ngayo. Lokhu kungaba usizo kakhulu ekuboneni izimpawu zokuqala zezinye izifo zenhliziyo.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe ezibonisa umehluko: Kulokhu, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile ( i-ejenti yokuqhathanisa ) emthanjeni wakho. Lolu ketshezi lubonakala ngokucacile ezithombeni, ngakho imininingwane yenhliziyo ingabonakala kangcono. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokusabela okuncane kokungezwani nalokhu, kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona into enkulu futhi izonyamalala ngokushesha.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlolwa kwe-echo?

I-echocardiogram ivame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-40 kuya kwengama-60. Kodwa-ke, i-transesophageal echo, eyenziwa ngepayipi elifakwe emphinjeni, ingathatha imizuzu engama-90.

Ingabe i-Echo ne-EKG ziyinto efanayo? Noma zimbili?

Into eyodwa edida abantu abaningi ukuthi ngabe i-Echo ne -ECG (EKG noma i-ECG) ziyinto efanayo noma cha. Zombili zibheka inhliziyo yakho, kodwa izinto ezizibukayo nendlela ezibukeka ngayo zihlukile.

I-echo ibheka ukuma, isakhiwo, kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo iyonke. Ikhiqiza izithombe ezinyakazayo zenhliziyo.

I -ECG (EKG) ilinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Ayikhiqizi izithombe zenhliziyo, kodwa igrafu. Imigqa ekule grafu ikhombisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nesigqi.

Ngidinga nini i-echocardiogram?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi udokotela angakutshela nini ukuthi wenze i-echocardiogram.

• Uma unezimpawu (isib. ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula), thola imbangela (hlola ukugula noma uqinisekise ukuthi asikho isifo esinjalo).
• Uma udokotela ecabanga ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo,Lokho kukhona. Bese senza okuthile ukuze sithole ukuthi kuyini ngempela futhi sithole okwengeziwe ngakho.
• Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo esitholakale sikhona, hlola isimo saso. Isibonelo, abanye abantu abanesifo se-valve yenhliziyo kudingeka bahlolwe njalo nge-echocardiograms.
• Uma ulungiselela ukuhlinzwa noma enye inqubo yezokwelapha.
• Bona ukuthi imiphumela injani ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma inqubo yezokwelapha.

I-echocardiogram ibonisani?

I-echocardiogram ingahlonza izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zesifo senhliziyo. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso: Lokhu kusho isifo senhliziyo esikhona lapho umuntu ezalwa.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Lesi yisifo esithinta imisipha yenhliziyo.
• I-endocarditis ethelelanayo: Lokhu ukutheleleka kwamagumbi enhliziyo noma ama-valve.
• Isifo senhliziyo: Lesi yisifo esithinta isikhwama esincane ( i-pericardium ) esizungeze inhliziyo.
• Isifo sama-valve: Lesi yisifo esithinta ama-valve, afana "neminyango" ephakathi kwamakamelo enhliziyo.

Futhi, i-echo ingabonisa izinguquko ezilandelayo enhliziyweni:

• I-Aortic aneurysm
• Amahlule egazi
• Isimila senhliziyo

I-Transthoracic Echo yenziwa kanjani?

Lolu uhlobo abantu abaningi abalucabangayo lapho bezwa igama elithi 'heart echo'. Lena yindlela evame kakhulu futhi evamile. Yenziwa ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Uchwepheshe we-sonographer ubeka idivayisi encane, ephathwa ngesandla (ebizwa ngokuthi i-transducer ) esifubeni sakho bese ethumela amaza omsindo enhliziyweni yakho. Lawa maza omsindo agxuma ezingxenyeni zenhliziyo yakho bese 'echo', noma abuye abuke. Lawa 'echo' yilokho okubonakala njengezithombe esikrinini sekhompyutha somchwepheshe we-sonographer. Lezi zithombe zingabukwa udokotela wakho wenhliziyo nabanye odokotela.

Ngilungiselela kanjani lokhu kuzwakala kwe-transthoracic?

• Asikho isidingo sokulungiselela okuningi ngalokhu. Ngokuvamile, awudingi ukulawula ukudla nokuphuza kwakho.
• Uma unemithi, yithathe njengenjwayelo.
• Ungafika ugqoke noma yiziphi izingubo. Kuzodingeka ushintshe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Kungcono ukushiya izinto eziyigugu ekhaya. Banikeza indawo yokugcina impahla yakho.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-Transthoracic Echo?

• Okokuqala, uzotshelwa ukuthi ukhumule izingubo zakho kusukela okhalweni kuya phezulu bese ugqoka ingubo yasesibhedlela.
• Uchwepheshe uzobe esebeka ama-pad amancane, ayisicaba, anamathelayo ( ama-electrode ) esifubeni sakho. Lawa axhunywe kwi-monitor ye-EKG.Kuxhunyiwe. Lokhu kurekhoda umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho kulo lonke ukuhlolwa.
• Kuzodingeka ulale etafuleni lokuhlolwa. Uzocelwa ukuthi ulale ngohlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele uma kungenzeka.
• Uchwepheshe ubeka idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-transducer (sizoyibiza ngokuthi 'induku') esifubeni sakho ezindaweni ezahlukene. Isihloko sinojeli omncane ofakwe kuso, ongalimazi isikhumba. Lejeli isiza ekuthatheni izithombe ezicacile.
• Ungase uzwe umsindo othi 'swish swish' ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Lokhu kuvamile, ungakhathazeki. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi induku ibamba umsindo wegazi eligeleza enhliziyweni.
• Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uchwepheshe uzokucela ukuthi ubambe umoya imizuzwana embalwa futhi angakucela nokuthi ushintshele kwenye indawo.

Ngeke uzizwe ungakhululekile phakathi nalolu vivinyo. Ijeli entanyeni izokwenza isikhumba sakho sizizwe sibanda kancane. Ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile kancane lapho intanyeni icindezelwa esifubeni sakho.

I-Transesophageal Echo (TEE) yenziwa kanjani?

Lokhu kuthatha izithombe ngaphakathi kwesifuba, hhayi ngaphandle. Kungabona inhliziyo nama-valve ngemininingwane eminingi kakhulu kune -echo ye-transthoracic . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amathambo akho nezicubu zakho azingeni phakathi kwe-transducer nenhliziyo yakho. Kulolu vivinyo, uchwepheshe ufaka i- transducer encane ngepayipi elide, eliguquguqukayo ( i-endoscope ) phansi emphinjeni wakho bese efika emqaleni wakho. Lena inqubo engangenisi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile okwesikhashana. Kodwa azikho izingozi ezinkulu.

Lolu hlobo lwe-echo lungasetshenziswa ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Udokotela angase afune ukubhekisisa i-aorta yakho noma ingemuva lenhliziyo yakho (ikakhulukazi i -atrium yangakwesobunxele noma i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele).
• Hlola ukuthi amahlule egazi.
• Hlola i-valve yakho ye-mitral noma i-aortic valve .
• Uma unesifo sokukhuluphala noma ukuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu.
• Uma i-echo edlula esifubeni ingenakwenziwa ngezinye izizathu ezahlukene.

Ulungiselela kanjani i-transesophageal echo (TEE)?

Uma ulungiselela lokhu, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho uma unakho okulandelayo:

• Izinkinga zomqala , njenge -hernia yokubeletha .
• Ubunzima bokugwinya.
• Ukuphefumula komoya .
• Uma izidakamizwa zifakwa emithanjeni ( ukusetshenziswa kwemithi nge-IV ).

Futhi, kubalulekile ukusho uma uthatha imithi yanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Izinkinga zokungalali.
• Ukukhathazeka .
• Ubuhlungu .

Izinto okufanele uzilungiselele ngosuku lokuhlolwa:

• Qiniseka ukuthi uletha umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya. Uzonikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu ukuze uhlolwe, ngakho ngeke ukwazi ukushayela amahora angama-24.
• Ungadli noma uphuze lutho okungenani amahora ayisithupha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo eqondile mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyidle futhi uyiphuze. Kubalulekile ukuyilandela kahle.
• Buza udokotela wakho ngesikhathi okufanele uthathe ngaso imithi yakho evamile. Ungase ukwazi ukuyithatha ngaleso sikhathi kanye nesiphuzo samanzi.
• Uma uphuza imithi yesifo sikashukela , buza udokotela wakho ukuthi uzoyithatha nini futhi kanjani leyo mithi.
• Sicela ushiye izimpahla zakho eziyigugu ekhaya. Kuzohlinzekwa ilokha yokugcina izimpahla zakho.
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile kakhulu ongazigqoka. Kuzodingeka ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela ngaphambi kokuba inqubo iqale.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-transesophageal echo (TEE)?

• Kufanele ukhumule izingubo zakho ngaphezu kwesinqe bese ugqoka ingubo yasesibhedlela.
• Udokotela uzobeka ama-electrode (izitikha ezincane) esifubeni sakho. Lawa angaqapha ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo yakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
• Udokotela uzofaka i-blood pressure cuff engalweni yakho kanye ne-pulse oximeter emunweni wakho.
• Uzonikezwa ukuhlanza umphimbo ngoketshezi oluqeda izinhlungu. Udokotela uzophinde afafaze umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu emphinjeni wakho.
• Ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana, uzonikezwa i- IV bese unikezwa umuthi wokudambisa. Ngemva kwesikhashana, uzoqala ukuzizwa ulele.
• Ungase ufake ipayipi elincane ekhaleni lakho ukuze likunike umoya-mpilo.
• Udinga ukujika ngakwesobunxele bese ulala etafuleni lokuhlolwa.
• Udokotela uzofaka i-endoscope ( ithubhu elide, elincane, eliguquguqukayo eline -transducer ekugcineni) ngomlomo wakho. Le thubhu izokwehla emphinjeni wakho iye emphinjeni wakho. Izogcotshwa ukuze inciphise ukwehla kalula. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kungakhululekile, ngeke kukulimaze.
• Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ugwinye ukuze uthole i-transducer endaweni efanele ngemuva kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Udokotela ube esethatha izithombe. Ngeke uzizwe lutho ngalesi sikhathi.
• Ngemva kokuba udokotela ethathe izithombe azidingayo, uzosusa ipayipi emphinjeni wakho. Ngokuphazima kweso, uzobe usukulungele ukushintsha izingubo uhambe.

Ungayenza kanjani i-Exercise Stress Echo?

I-echo yokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca , ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-echo yokucindezeleka , ikhombisa ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani uma isebenza kanzima, okungukuthi, ngaphansi 'kokucindezeleka'. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyindlela yendabukoKufana nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca. Uchwepheshe uzoqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, isigqi, kanye nomfutho wegazi (into efanayo obungayenza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okuvamile). Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa kufaka phakathi ne-echo imaging (engenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okuvamile). Lokhu kuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ingamelana kahle kangakanani nomsebenzi. Uchwepheshe uzokuthatha izithombe zakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzivocavoca nangemva kokuqeda.

Kwezinye izimo, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uvivinye umzimba. Kunalokho, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi wokwenza inhliziyo yakho isebenze kanzima, njengokungathi uyazivocavoca. Umgomo uwukwenza inhliziyo yakho idinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Uma inhliziyo yakho icindezelekile, uchwepheshe angabona imininingwane ongayiboni uma ulele etafuleni lokuhlolwa. Isibonelo, izinkinga ngemithambo yakho yenhliziyo noma ulwelwesi lwenhliziyo yakho.

Ungayilungiselela kanjani i-Exercise Stress Echo?

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo eningiliziwe yokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani lolu vivinyo. Kuzodingeka ulungiselele okwengeziwe kulokhu kunezinye izinhlobo.

• Ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngaphandle kwamanzi okungenani amahora amane ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Ungabhemi ngosuku lokuhlolwa.
• Ungaphuzi lutho oluqukethe i-caffeine amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ikhofi, itiye, iziphuzo ezingenamakhafi (eziqukethe nenani elincane le-caffeine), kanye neminye imithi yobuhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela .

Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungayithatha nini futhi kanjani imithi yakho evamile. Kungase kudingeke uyeke ukuthatha eminye imithi yenhliziyo ngosuku lokuhlolwa. Umthamo wakho wemithi yesifo sikashukela nawo ungadinga ukulungiswa. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.

Nakuba ungeke unikezwe i-anesthesia ngenxa yalokhu, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuba nomuntu ozokuhamba nawe uye noma ubuya enkambisweni, njengoba ungase uzizwe ukhathele ngemva kwenkambiso.

Gqoka izingubo nezicathulo ezikhululekile. Uzohamba nge- treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili elingashukumi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngakho-ke gqoka lokho okukhululekile kakhulu ngakho.

Kwenzekani uma wenza i-Exercise Stress Echo?

• Uchwepheshe uzobeka ama-electrode (izitikha ezincane) esifubeni sakho. Lawa axhunywe kwi-monitor ye-EKG ukuze aqaphe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nesigqi phakathi nokuhlolwa.
• Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukunyakaza, udokotela uzokala izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, isigqi senhliziyo, kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• Ngesikhathi ulele etafuleni lokuhlolwa, uchwepheshe uthatha izithombe zenhliziyo yakho. Ubeka induku ephathwa ngesandla esetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwe-echo njalo esifubeni sakho ezindaweni ezahlukene.
• Bese uqala ukunyakaza. Ungahamba nge- treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili elingashintshi . Khulisa isivinini/ukuqina kancane kancane.
• Kufanele uqhubeke nokwenza uze ukhathale. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu eyisikhombisa kuya kweyishumi nambili.
• Ngesikhathi uzivocavoca, uchwepheshe uzokubuza ukuthi uzizwa kanjani. Mtshele noma yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo. Bazophinde babheke inhliziyo yakho nge -EKG monitor .
• Ngemva kokuyeka ukunyakaza, ukuhlolwa kwe-echo kuzokwenziwa futhi.
• Ngemuva kwalokho uzophola ngokuhamba ngezinyawo noma ngebhayisikili isikhashana. Udokotela uzoqapha izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile kuze kube yilapho zibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.

Uma unikezwe imithi 'yokucindezela' inhliziyo yakho, inqubo izoba ngehlukile kancane. Ngeke ube semshinini wokugijima noma ebhayisikilini. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho ongakulindela nokuthi ungase uzizwe kanjani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okunjalo.

Ngiyithola kanjani imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwami?

Ngemva kokuba udokotela wakho wenhliziyo ebukeze ukuhlolwa, uzofaka imiphumela kurekhodi lakho lezokwelapha elekthronikhi. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko angayibona nale miphumela. Uzoxoxa ngale miphumela nomunye walaba dokotela noma bobabili.

Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nezithombe nokuthi zisho ukuthini. Udokotela uzokuchazela ukuthi izithombe zibonisani nokuthi udinga yini ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa.

Yini okungafanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-echocardiogram?

Kuya ngohlobo lwe-ultrasound olwenzayo. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze kanye nokuthi yini okungafanele uyenze. Nazi ezinye izinto ongase ungafuni ukuzenza ngaphambi kwe-ultrasound yakho:

• Ukudla nokuphuza (ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ukucindezeleka kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuphefumula ).
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo ye-nicotine .
• Ikhofi noma yini equkethe i-caffeine . Lokhu kufaka phakathi iziphuzo ezingenaso isitashi , eziqukethe nenani elincane le-caffeine. Lokhu kufaka phakathi neminye imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela equkethe i-caffeine.

Kungadingeka futhi ushintshe isimiso sakho semithi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ungayeki noma ushintshe noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe ekhaya ovela kulesi sihloko

I-echocardiogram iyisivivinyo esibalulekile esingaveza okuningi mayelana nesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho. Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi ube ne-echo, buza ngohlobo lokuhlolwa ozolwenza nokuthi yini ongayilindela. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ube ne-echo engaphezu kweyodwa, noma izivivinyo eziningana usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene, ukuze uthole yonke imininingwane udokotela wakho ayidingayo ngenhliziyo yakho.

Cela udokotela wakho akuchazele izithombe futhi akusize uqonde ukuthi zisho ukuthini. Ukuthatha indima ebalulekile ekuxilongweni nasekulashweni kwakho kungakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngesinyathelo ngasinye senqubo.

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