Ake sifunde nje ngohlelo lwe-lymphatic: Umvikeli Ofihliwe Womzimba Wethu!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi kukhona enye inethiwekhi emangalisayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu, ngaphandle kohlelo lwegazi? Lolu uhlelo olusebenza njengamandla okuzivikela emizimbeni yethu futhi olusiza ukugcina imizimba yethu ihlanzekile. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-lymphatic, noma ngesiNgisi, `(Uhlelo Lwe-Lymphatic)`. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla, kulungile?

Iyini i-Lymphatic System? Kalula nje...

Cabanga ngesimiso seziteshi ezincane emzimbeni wakho wonke. Uketshezi olungenambala nolunamanzi lugeleza kulezi ziteshi. Lolo ketshezi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-lymph." Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic lwakhiwe yilezi ziteshi ze-lymph, ama-lymph node, kanye nezinye izitho eziningana ezikhethekile. Konke lokhu kusebenza ndawonye ukubuyisela uketshezi lwe-lymph egazini lethu.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesimiso sethu sokuzivikela komzimba . Okusho ukuthi, ludlala indima enkulu ekusivikeleni ezifweni, lulwa namagciwane angena emzimbeni, futhi lubhubhise amangqamuzana amadala, angajwayelekile umzimba ongasawadingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luphinde lusize ekugcineni amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni futhi lumunca amafutha namavithamini ancibilikayo amafutha avela ekudleni esikudlayo egazini. Akumangalisi lokho?

Yiziphi izinsizakalo esizinikezwa uhlelo lwe-lymphatic?

Ake sibone ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi obalulekile owenziwa yilolu hlelo lwe-lymphatic emzimbeni wethu.

• Ukuqoqa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni bese lubuyiselwa egazini: Kukhona uketshezi oluningi oluqongelelwe ezicutshini zomzimba wethu. Omunye wemisebenzi yalo eyinhloko ukuqoqa lolu ketshezi bese lubuyiselwa ohlelweni lwegazi. Lokhu ukugcina izinga loketshezi elifanele emzimbeni. Futhi, lolu hlelo lusiza ekuhlungeni imikhiqizo engcolile kanye namaseli angavamile kulolu ketshezi.
• Kusiza ekumunceni amafutha: Iningi lezakhamzimba ekudleni esikudlayo lingamuncwa emzimbeni ngezimbobo ezincane emithanjeni yethu yegazi (ama-capillaries). Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zamafutha nama-molecule amakhulu azikwazi ukumuncwa ngale ndlela. Ngaleso sikhathi, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luqoqa uketshezi oluqukethe lezi zinhlayiya emathunjini ethu bese luzibuyisela egazini.
• Ukuvikela umzimba kubahlaseli: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luyingxenye enkulu yesimiso sethu sokuzivikela komzimba. Lukhiqiza futhi lukhiphe ama-lymphocyte , uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi, kanye namanye amangqamuzana okuzivikela omzimba. Lawa maseli anesibopho sokuthola nokubhubhisa abahlaseli njengamabhaktheriya, amagciwane, izimuncagazi, kanye nesikhunta esizama ukungena emzimbeni.

Cabanga nje, uma umzimba wethu uyidolobha elikhulu, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic lufana neqembu elikhethekile eligcina lowo muzi uhlanzekile, lisuse imfucuza, futhi liwuvikele ekuhlaselweni yizitha.

Lolu hlelo lwe-lymphatic lusebenza kanjani? Ake silubheke ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Lena inqubo ethakazelisayo kakhulu. Lalela...

Nsuku zonke, ingxenye ewuketshezi yegazi lethu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-plasma,Cishe amalitha angu-20 oketshezi avuza ngemigodi emincane kuma-capillary ethu. Kufana namanzi avuza esiponjini. Ngakho-ke lolu ketshezi luyaphi? Lolu ketshezi luthwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezicutshini ezizungeze ama-capillary. Izicubu zimunca kahle lezi zakhamzimba, kodwa zishiya imfucuza ngemuva.

Ngakho-ke, le plasma iqoqa leyo mikhiqizo engcolile bese ibuyela egazini ngendlela efanayo neyafika ngayo, ngemihubhe yemithambo yegazi. Cishe amalitha ayi-17 eplasma abuyiselwa egazini ngale ndlela nsuku zonke. Ekuqaleni, amalitha angama-20 ayaphuma, bese kuba amalitha angaba ngu-3 asala ezicutshini zomzimba, akunjalo?

Yilapho uhlelo lwethu lwe-lymphatic lungena khona. Ama-capillary e-lymphatic amahle kakhulu aqoqa lolu ketshezi olusele ezicutshini. Phakathi nalolu hambo, uketshezi lushintsha igama lalo: alusabizwa ngokuthi i-plasma, kodwa lubizwa ngokuthi i-lymph . Bese kuthi, kusukela kula ma-capillary e-lymphatic, i-lymph ithunyelwe eziteshini ezinkulu kancane, ezibizwa ngokuthi imithambo ye-lymphatic.

I-lymph iyaqhubeka nokuhamba kule mithambo ye-lymphatic, ekugcineni ijoyina imigudu emibili emikhulu engxenyeni engenhla yesifuba sethu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-right lymphatic duct kanye ne-thoracic duct . Lokhu kufana neminyango eya emgwaqweni omkhulu. Le migudu emibili ijoyina imithambo emikhulu ngemuva kwe-collarbone yethu (imithambo ye-subclavian), bese uketshezi lwe-lymph lukhishwa kuleyo mithambo. Ukusuka lapho, uketshezi lwe-lymph luphinde lumuncwe egazini bese luqala ukuhamba kuwo wonke umzimba. Uyaqonda?

Yiziphi izitho eziyingxenye yesistimu ye-lymphatic?

Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic aluyona isitho esisodwa, kodwa luhlelo olwakhiwe izinto eziningi. Ake sibheke izitho eziyinhloko:

• Umnkantsha Wamathambo: Lena yingxenye ethambile, ethambile ngaphakathi kwamanye amathambo ethu (njengethambo lesinqe, umgogodla, kanye nethambo eliphakathi kwesifuba). Umsebenzi oyinhloko womnkantsha wamathambo ukwenza amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, nama-platelet.
• I-Thymus: Lesi sitho sitholakala esifubeni esingaphezulu, ngaphansi nje kwethambo lesifuba. Sisebenza kakhulu ngesikhathi sobusha. Ama-T-cell , uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi, akhule ngokugcwele lapha. Lawa ma-T-cell asiza umzimba ukulwa nabahlaseli bakwamanye amazwe.
• Ama-Lymph Node: Lawa angama-gland amise okwebhontshisi. Njengoba i-lymph igeleza kuwo, ayayihlunga futhi ayiqaphe. Asusa amangqamuzana awonakele kanye namaseli omdlavuza. Agcina nama-lymphocyte namanye amangqamuzana omzimba abhubhisa izinto eziyingozi njengebhaktheriya. Kunama-lymph node angaba ngu-600 emizimbeni yethu. Amanye awo ahlanganiswe ndawonye ngamaketanga. Ngezinye izikhathi ungazizwa la ma-lymph node ezindaweni ezifana namakhwapha akho, i-groin, kanye nentamo. Amanye atholakala ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
• Ubende:Lesi yisitho esikhulu kunazo zonke ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic. Sitholakala ohlangothini lwethu lwesobunxele, ngaphansi kwezimbambo, ngaphezu kwesisu. Ubende luhlunga igazi lethu futhi lususe amangqamuzana amadala, angasebenzi kahle. Luphinde lugcine amangqamuzana abomvu egazi nama-platelet ukuze asetshenziswe lapho umzimba uwadinga.
• Izicubu ze-Mucosa-associated lymphoid (MALT): Lezi zicubu zitholakala ezindaweni eziningi ezibalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Isibonelo, zitholakala emathonyeni ethu, emgudwini wokuphefumula, emathunjini amancane, kanye nase-appendix. Umsebenzi we-MALT ukuthola nokubhubhisa amagciwane angasilimaza.

Yiziphi ezinye izingxenye zesistimu ye-lymphatic?

Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luyiqembu elikhulu. Amanye amalungu amakhulu alolu hlelo yilawa:

• I-lymph: I-lymph, noma uketshezi lwe-lymphatic, uketshezi oluningi oluphuma emaseli nasezicutshini zomzimba wethu futhi olungaphinde lungene kuma-capillary. Iqukethe izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa amaprotheni, amaminerali, amafutha, amangqamuzana alimele, amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kanye nobuthi. I-lymph iphinde ithuthe amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (ama-lymphocyte) alwa nokutheleleka.
• Imithambo ye-lymphatic: Lena inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yemigudu egijima emizimbeni yethu. Imigudu emincane kakhulu yi-lymphatic capillaries. Lezi zihlangana ndawonye ukuze zakhe imigudu emikhulu, ekugcineni ehlanganisa imithambo emibili eyinhloko esifubeni esingaphezulu. Uketshezi lwe-lymph luhamba ngale migudu ngenxa yokushaya kwemithambo eseduze kanye nokufinyela kwemisipha. Lezi migudu zinama-valve avumela i-lymph ukuthi igeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.
• Amapayipi Okuqoqa: Amapayipi amabili amakhulu esifubeni esingaphezulu (umsele we-lymphatic ongakwesokudla kanye nomsele we-thoracic) yilapho uketshezi lwe-lymph luqoqana khona emithanjeni ye-subclavian ngemuva kwamathambo ethu e-collarbone. Lokhu kufana nezindawo lapho uketshezi lwe-lymph luhlangana khona negazi.
• Ama-tonsils nama-adenoids: Lawa anesibopho sokubamba amagciwane angena emzimbeni ngokudla esikudlayo nangomoya esiwuphefumulayo. Angumugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela kubahlaseli. Ama-tonsils atholakala ngemuva komphimbo wethu. Ama-adenoids atholakala ngemuva komgodi wempumulo, kodwa asebenza kuphela ebuntwaneni.

Yiziphi izifo nezinkinga ezithinta uhlelo lwe-lymphatic?

Kunezimo eziningi ezingathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zesimiso sethu se-lymphatic. Ezinye zazo zikhona ngaphambi kokuzalwa noma ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Ezinye zibangelwa ukugula noma ukulimala. Nazi ezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nesistimu ye-lymphatic:

• I-Lymphadenopathy: Ama-lymph node angavuvukala ngenxa yokutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, kanye nomdlavuza. Ukutheleleka komphimbo njenge-strep throat, i-mononucleosis, kanye ne-HIV nakho kungabangela ama-lymph node ukuthi avuvuke, njengoba kunjalo nokutheleleka kwesikhumba. Lapho ama-lymph node evuvukala ngenxa yokutheleleka noma isimo sokuvuvukala, kubizwa ngokuthi i-lymphadenitis .
• Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukuqongelela koketshezi (i-Lymphedema):I-Lymphedema ingenzeka lapho imithambo ye-lymph noma ama-lymph node onakele futhi kwakheka izibazi, okuvimba uhlelo lwe-lymphatic. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi uma ama-lymph node esuswa njengengxenye yokwelashwa kwesimo esifana nomdlavuza. I-Lymphedema ivame ukubangelwa ukunqwabelana koketshezi ezingalweni noma emilenzeni. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ukuvuvukala okuncane, noma kungaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi kube nzima ngokwanele ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe nzima. Abantu abane-lymphedema basengozini yokuthola izifo zesikhumba ezijulile ezingaba yingozi ngezinye izikhathi futhi zisongele impilo.
• I-Lymphoma: I-Lymphoma umdlavuza okhula kuma-lymph node. Ubangelwa ukukhula okungalawuleki kanye nokwanda kwamaseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-lymphoma, njenge-"Hodgkin's lymphoma" kanye ne-"non-Hodgkin's lymphoma". Futhi, izimila ezinomdlavuza zingavimba imithambo ye-lymph futhi ziphazamise ukuhamba koketshezi lwe-lymph eduze kwama-lymph node.

Ezinye izinkinga:

• I-Lymphangitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yakho ye-lymph.
• I-Lymphangioma: Lesi yisimo sokuzalwa. Ukukhula ngokweqile kwemithambo ye-lymph kubangela ukwakheka kwama-cyst angenawo umdlavuza, agcwele uketshezi ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
• I-lymphangiectasia yamathumbu: Ukulahlekelwa kwezicubu ze-lymphatic emathunjini amancane kubangela ukuthi amaprotheni, ama-gamma globulin, i-albumin, nama-lymphocyte aphume emzimbeni.
• I-Lymphocytosis: Kulesi simo, inani lama-lymphocyte emzimbeni liyanda ngaphezu kokuvamile.
• I-lymphatic filariasis: Lokhu ukutheleleka okubangelwa yizinambuzane okuphazamisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-lymphatic.
• Isifo sikaCastleman: Lokhu kubangelwa ukukhula ngokweqile kwamangqamuzana ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic lomzimba.
• I-Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: Lesi yisifo esingavamile lapho amangqamuzana angavamile afana nemisipha eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki emaphashini, kuma-lymph node nasezinso.
• I-Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome: Lesi yisifo esingavamile sofuzo esibangela ukwanda kwama-lymphocyte kuma-lymph node, esibindini, nasesinqeni.
• I-Mesenteric lymphadenitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node esiswini (esiswini).

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezingasiza ekunqumeni impilo yesistimu yami ye-lymphatic?

Ukuze ahlole ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lwe-lymphatic lusebenza kahle kangakanani, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo ze-imaging, njenge-"Computed Tomography (CT scan)" noma i-"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)". Udokotela wakho uzokutshela imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo nokuthi zingakuthinta kanjani.

Ngingawugcina kanjani uhlelo lwami lwe-lymphatic luphilile?

Ukuze ugcine uhlelo lwakho lwe-lymphatic luqinile futhi luphilile, kufanele wenze lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Gwema ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali anobuthi atholakala ezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlanza. La makhemikhali anganqwabelana emzimbeni wakho futhi enze kube nzima ngomzimba wakho ukuhlunga imfucuza.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi . Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlale unamanzi futhi kusize uketshezi lwe-lymph luhambe kalula emzimbeni wakho wonke.
• Landela indlela yokuphila enempilo . Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuzivocavoca njalo kanye nokudla okunempilo. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko esiqondile ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezidingo zakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Bona udokotela uma unalezi zimpawu:

• Ukukhathala okukhulu.
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka okuvamile, njengomphimbo obuhlungu, noma kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibi kakhulu, njengomdlavuza noma i-HIV.
• Ukuvuvukala okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa ngaphandle kwesizathu futhi kuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Uma sibheka umdwebo womzimba womuntu, amehlo ethu aya ngokushesha ezithweni ezinkulu njengenhliziyo nobuchopho, noma emigqeni ebomvu emele imithambo yethu yegazi. Kodwa-ke, kukhona enye inethiwekhi yemigqa engaboniswa njalo kuleyo midwebo, kodwa ibaluleke ngendlela efanayo - inethiwekhi yeziteshi ezithambile ezithwala uketshezi lwe-lymph emizimbeni yethu. Njengemigwaqo ehamba eceleni komuzi, imithambo yethu yegazi nemithambo ye-lymph isakazeke kuwo wonke amagumbi emizimba yethu, isinika izinto esizidingayo, futhi yenza eminye imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile ukuze sihlale siqinile.

Uhlelo lwethu lwe-lymphatic lungathinteka yizimo ezahlukahlukene, ezingaphazamisa imisebenzi yethu yansuku zonke. Uma utholakala unesifo esifana nalesi, ungase uzizwe ushaqekile futhi wesaba ngekusasa. Ukufunda okwengeziwe ngohlelo lwe-lymphatic nokuthi lusebenza kanjani kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho nokuthi ukwelashwa kungasiza kanjani. Cela udokotela wakho ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nohlelo lwakho lwe-lymphatic kanye nesimo sakho esithile.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, lezi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho namuhla:

• Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luyisivikelo esibaluleke kakhulu nesifihliwe emizimbeni yethu. Luyingxenye enkulu yesimiso sethu sokuzivikela.
• Lolu hlelo lusiza ukugcina ibhalansi yoketshezi emzimbeni, ukumunca amafutha, nokulwa nobuthi .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwama-lymph node noma ukuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wakho.
• Ungagcina uhlelo lwakho lwe-lymph luphilile ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi nokuphila ngendlela enempilo .

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi unombono omuhle mayelana nohlelo lwe-lymphatic. Ukwazi izinto ezinjengalezi kuzokusiza kakhulu ekunakekeleni impilo yakho.

'Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic, ukuzivikela komzimba, ama-lymph node, ubende, impilo