Ake sifunde nge-spleen encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Wake wezwa ngesitho esincane emzimbeni wakho esibizwa ngokuthi i-Spleen? Mhlawumbe akunjalo, akunjalo? Kodwa lo mngane omncane usenzela umsebenzi omningi. Njengenceku ethule. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizoxoxa kafushane ngokuthi iyini i-spleen, ukuthi yenzani, kwenzekani uma ingena enkingeni, nokuthi singayinakekela kanjani.

Iyini i-spleen? Ikuphi?

Kalula nje, i-spleen yakho iyisitho esincane esitholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwe-rib cage yakho, ngaphezu kwesisu sakho. Ingangosayizi we-avokhado kumuntu omdala. Iyingxenye yesistimu yakho ye-lymphatic . Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic nalo luyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yakho yokuzivikela komzimba . Ngakho-ke lwenza umsebenzi omningi obalulekile ukugcina umzimba wakho uphilile.

Cabanga nje, noma ngabe incane, umsebenzi ewenzayo awuncane. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-spleen ifana nomuntu osisiza kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele. Kuneziqhawe eziningi ezincane ezifana nalezi emizimbeni yethu, futhi i-spleen ingomunye wabantu abanjalo.

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izinsizakalo ezinikezwa yi-spleen emzimbeni?

Ubende lumatasa kakhulu. Ake sibheke eminye yemisebenzi yalo eyinhloko.

• Ukugcinwa kwegazi: Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, isibonelo, uma kukhona ukulimala okukhulu futhi kulahleke igazi eliningi, ugcina igazi elithile ukuze alisebenzise. Njengekhithi yezimo eziphuthumayo ekhaya lethu.
• Ihlanza igazi: Isiza ukugcina igazi lihlanzekile ngokususa imfucuza engafuneki, amaseli egazi amadala, nawonakele. Isebenza njengomqoqi kadoti endlini yethu, njengesihlungi esihlanza igazi emzimbeni.
• Kwenza amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kanye nama-antibodies: Lawa ngamasosha alwa namagciwane angenza umzimba wakho ugule. Ngakho-ke uboya buyasiza ekwakheni nasekuqeqesheni la masosha. Kufana nebutho lokuzivikela.
• Ilawula amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni: Iphinde isize ekugcineni ibhalansi yoketshezi emzimbeni, okuhlanganisa amanzi nezinye izinto eziwuketshezi.
• Ikhiqiza ama-antibodies okuvikela ezifweni: Yilomzimba okhiqiza ama-antibodies, angamaphrotheni akhethekile akuvikela ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Lawa ayawabona amagciwane futhi alwe nawo.

Ngibone ukuthi umsebenzi awenzayo mkhulu futhi ubaluleke kangakanani, yize emncane. Kufana nomama endlini yethu, ohlala kude, ehlola konke futhi eqinisekisa ukuthi kwenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile.

Ziyini izingxenye ze-spleen? Zenzani?

Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ngaphakathi kwe-spleen. Lezi ezimbili zenza imisebenzi ehlukene. Kufana neminyango emibili ehhovisi elifanayo.

1. I-pulp emhlophe: Lena yingxenye eyinhloko yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Yilapho kukhiqizwa khona amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, ikakhulukazi ama-lymphocyte. Lawa mangqamuzana amhlophe egazi enza ama-antibodies futhi alwe nezifo. Cabanga ngakho njengomnyango wezobunhloli wesikhungo sezempi, ukhomba izitha futhi wenza amacebo okuzihlasela.

2. I-pulp ebomvu: Lokhu kusebenza njengesihlungi. Kususa ukungcola egazini, futhi kususe amaseli abomvu amadala noma angasebenzi kahle. Akukhona lokho kuphela, le pulp ebomvu iyasiza futhi ekubambeni nasekubhubhiseni amagciwane afana namagciwane namagciwane. Kuphinde kusize ukugcina izinto ezifana namaseli abomvu egazi nama-platelet.

Ngakho-ke lezi zingxenye ezimbili zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zenze i-spleen yenze umsebenzi wayo obalulekile, njengeqembu elihle.

Yiziphi izifo nezimo ezithinta ubende?

Ngeshwa, izifo ezithile, ukuphazamiseka, kanye nezingozi nakho kungabangela izinkinga nge-spleen. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinkinga eziyinhloko.

I-splenomegaly

Lokhu yi -Splenomegaly . Ubende bungaba bukhulu kunokuvamile ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukene. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho, umuzwa wokusinda, kanye nomuzwa wokugcwala ngisho nangemva kokudla okuncane. I-Splenomegaly iyisimo esiyingozi, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ubende, osewukhulu kakhulu, ungaqhuma noma uphume igazi.

Okubalulekile: Uma uthola ukuthi udende lwakho luvuvukele, kufanele ugweme imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo kanye nemidlalo enzima, ngoba imisebenzi enjalo ingase ilimaze udende.

Ezinye zezimbangela zokuvuvukala kwe-spleen yilezi:

• Umdlavuza wegazi: Isibonelo, umdlavuza wegazi njenge- leukemia kanye ne-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Kungenzeka futhi uma umdlavuza oqala kwenye indawo emzimbeni usakazeka (ukhula ube yi-metastasizes) uye e-spleen.
• Amahlule egazi esbhedeni noma esibindini .
• Ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia: ikakhulukazi i-hemolytic anemia, okuyisimo lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ewohloka khona ngokushesha.
• I-Cystic Fibrosis (CF) iyisifo esidluliselwa ngofuzo.
• Izifo: Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-`mononucleosis (mono)` (ebizwa nangokuthi i-glandular fever), i-`syphilis` , i-`malaria` , kanye ne - `endocarditis`, ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo.
• Izinkinga zesibindi: Izifo ezibangela ukuba isibindi siqine, njenge- cirrhosis .
• Izifo ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa: Izifo lapho izinto ezithile emzimbeni zingahlukaniswa kahle, njengesifo se-Gaucher .
• Izifo zokuvuvukala: njenge -sarcoidosis .
• Izifo ezihlobene namaprotheni: Izifo lapho amaprotheni angajwayelekile ehlala khona ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba, njenge- amyloidosis .

I-asplenia esebenzayo

Kulesi simo, i-spleen ikhona kodwa ayisebenzi kahle. Ingasebenza ngokweqile (hypersplenism) futhi ibhubhise amaseli abomvu egazi anempilo, amaseli amhlophe egazi, ngisho nama-platelet. Lokhu kubhujiswa ngokweqile kwamaseli egazi kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka, futhi kungabangela nokuklwebheka nokopha. I-asplenia esebenzayo ingabangelwa yi:

• Ingozi noma ukulimala okulimaza udende.
• Isifo se-Celiac .
• Isifo se-sickle cell .

Ubende obonakele noma oqhekekile

Izingozi kanye nokulimala kungalimaza noma kuqhume ubende wakho. Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka phakathi izingozi zezimoto, ukuwa kusuka phezulu, kanye nokushayeka esiswini. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esisongela impilo , njengoba kungabangela ukopha okukhulu kwangaphakathi.

Izimpawu zokuqhuma kwe-spleen zifaka:

• Isilinganiso senhliziyo siyanda.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa ingqondo.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu ngaphansi kwezimbambo ohlangothini lwesobunxele, ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu bungasakazekela ehlombe lesobunxele.

Cabanga nje, umfana omncane ogama lakhe linguNimal washaywa esiswini yibhola elihamba ngokushesha ngesikhathi edlala ikhilikithi. Ekuqaleni, wayengazizwanga lutho olukhulu, wayenenxeba elincane nje. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana, uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwesisu sakhe lwaqala ukubuhlungu kakhulu, wazizwa enesiyezi, futhi ejuluka. Lapho abangane bakhe bemyisa esibhedlela ngokushesha, odokotela bathi ulwelwesi lwakhe lwalulimele kancane futhi luphuma igazi ngaphakathi. Ngenhlanhla, wathola ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ngakho akuzange kube yinkinga enkulu. Ngakho-ke , uma uthola ukushaywa kanzima esiswini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka izimpawu.

Ngingawugcina kanjani umpenge wami uphilile?

Ukuze ugcine u-spleen wakho, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic, kanye nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisebenza kahle, udinga ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukuzivocavoca njalo , futhi ugcine isisindo esinempilo. Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo okunezithelo nemifino eminingi. Lezi yizinto sonke okudingeka sizenze ukuze sihlale siphilile ngokujwayelekile.

• Hlala uphephile: Gwema izingozi. Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo uma ushayela, futhi ugqoke izimpahla zokuzivikela uma udlala ezemidlalo. Lezi zilungele umzimba wonke, hhayi nje ubhejane.
• Nciphisa utshwala: Ukuphuza utshwala obuningi kungalimaza isibindi, okungathinta ne-spleen.
• Thola imijovo efanele: Ukuthola imijovo evikela ezifweni ezithile (isib. i-pneumonia, i-meningitis) kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abane-spleen ebuthakathaka.

Kalula nje, uma sinakekela kahle umzimba wethu wonke, udende luhlala luphilile.

Kungenzeka yini ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen?

Nakuba i-spleen yenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni, kungenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kwayo. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi 'i-asplenia' , noma ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen.

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abanye abantu bazalwa bengenalo udengezi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho udengezi lonakele kakhulu noma lapho kuvela isifo (njengeminye imidlavuza yegazi noma udengezi oluqhekekile), odokotela bazosusa udengezi ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-splenectomy . Lapho udengezi seluphelile, isibindi sithatha imisebenzi eminingi yodengezi, ikakhulukazi ukususa amangqamuzana egazi amadala. Umnkantsha wamathambo nama-lymph node nawo athatha eminye yemisebenzi.

Futhi, i-spleen isuswa njengokwelashwa kwezinye izinhlobo ze- thrombocytopenia , njenge -immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) . Lezi zifo zibangela ukwehla kwama -platelet omzimba. Ama-platelet awuhlobo lweseli legazi elisiza ukujiya kwegazi lakho. Ku-ITP, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sibhubhisa ama-platelet aso ngephutha, kanti i-spleen iyindawo eyinhloko yokubhujiswa. Ngakho-ke ukususa i-spleen kungasiza ekubuyiseleni amazinga e-platelet.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokulimala noma ukulahlekelwa yi-spleen?

Abantu abahlala bengenalo udengezi, noma abanodengezi olungasebenzi kahle , basengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo ezithile, ikakhulukazi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection (OPSI) . Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kungaba yingozi. Uma udengezi lulahleka noma lonakele, ikhono lomzimba lokulwa nezinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane (ikakhulukazi i-Streptococcus pneumoniae, i-Haemophilus influenzae type b, kanye ne-Neisseria meningitidis) liyancipha. Le ngozi iphakeme nakakhulu kubantu abanezinye izifo ezithinta amasosha omzimba, njengomdlavuza noma i-HIV .

Uma ungenalo ulwelwesi, noma uma ulwelwesi lwakho lungasebenzi kahle, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko. Qiniseka ukuthi usesikhathini ngemigomo yakho ukuze uzivikele ekuguleni. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akuncome ukuthi uphuze ama-antibiotic nsuku zonke ukuze uvikele ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zokususwa kolwelwesi lwakho noma ezinganeni ezincane. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unesinye isimo esithinta amasosha omzimba wakho. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukubona udokotela ngokushesha, noma ngabe unesifo esincane njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.

Ngingayibona nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi une-spleen evuvukile noma eqhumile, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuzizwa usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane (ukusutha kwasekuqaleni).
• Ukuphuka noma ukopha ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwesikhala sembambo yesobunxele noma ubuhlungu obubukhali uma uthintwa.
• Ukukhathala okungaqondakali.
• Uma uthola izifo ezithathelwanayo njalo.
• Umkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane (ikakhulukazi kulabo abangenawo ubende).

Uma uzizwa into efana naleBonana nodokotela ngokushesha, njengoba ezinye izimo zingaba yingozi. Udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi, uma kudingeka, enze ukuskena (njenge-ultrasound noma i-CT scan) ukuthola imbangela.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngisengozini yezinkinga ze-spleen?

Ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ze-spleen uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Isibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi, isifo se-Gaucher, noma i-cystic fibrosis . Futhi, abantu abanesimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-hereditary spherocytosis basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-anemia enzima futhi kungadingeka ukuthi i-spleen yabo isuswe. Uma kukhona emndenini wakho onalezi zimo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.

Futhi, labo abadlala imidlalo ethile (isib. i-hockey, ibhola lezinyawo, i-rugby) basengozini enkulu yokulimala kwe-belt. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha lapho udlala imidlalo enjalo.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Ubende lwakho luyisitho esincane kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu. Lusebenza kanzima ukulwa nezifo, ukususa amangqamuzana egazi amadala, nokugcina uketshezi lomzimba wakho lugeleza kahle. Izifo eziningi, izifo, kanye nokulimala kungabangela izinkinga ngebende lakho. Uma unobuhlungu, isisindo, noma ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile ekhejini lakho lesobunxele lembambo, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Kungaba uphawu lwesimo esisongela ukuphila, njengobende eliqhumile, noma kungaba uphawu lwesinye isimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa.

Ngakho-ke, nakekela umzimba wakho futhi ulandele indlela yokuphila enempilo. Khona-ke ubende lakho lizojabula! Cabanga ngalesi sisebenzi esithule emzimbeni wakho.

` ubende, ukuvuvukala kobende, i-splenomegaly, amasosha omzimba, i-splenectomy, izifo zobende