Ake sifunde ngomngane wethu (i-Oculomotor Nerve - CN III) osisiza ukuthi sihambise amehlo ethu emuva naphambili!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi zingaki izinto amehlo akho ahamba ngazo emuva naphambili, phezulu naphansi? Uma sifunda incwadi, lapho sihamba emgwaqweni, lapho othile ekhuluma, amehlo ethu asebenza ngendlela emangalisayo. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngomunye wemizwa eyinhloko eshukumisa lawa mehlo futhi isisize sibone umhlaba. Kufana nomphathi omncane onikeza imiyalo emehlweni ethu.

Iyini le nzwa ye-oculomotor?

Kalula nje, le nzwa ye-oculomotor, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ngesiNgisi, yiyo elawula izinto eziningi njengokuhambisa amehlo akho nxazonke, ukubheka phezulu, ukubheka phansi, nokuphakamisa amehlo akho. Kufana nentambo evela ebuchosheni bakho etshela imisipha yamehlo akho ukuthi 'yenza lokhu'.

Nakuba empeleni inegama elifana ne-nerve eyodwa, empeleni iyi-nerve ezimbili. Okusho ukuthi, enye yeso lesokudla, enye yeso lesobunxele. Lezi ziyingxenye yesithathu kwezingu-12 zezinzwa ezibizwa ngokuthi "izinzwa ze-Cranial" ezixhuma ngqo ebuchosheni bethu. Yingakho odokotela beyibiza ngokuthi "CN III" (C.N. Three) ngamafuphi. Cabanga ukuthi besiyolahlekelwa kangakanani ngaphandle kwalezi zinzwa ezimbili ezincane!

Ngakho-ke uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko we-oculomotor nerve?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yini ngempela le 'mphathi' wamehlo ethu ayenzayo. Nakuba kunezinzwa ezintathu ezihilelekile ekunyakazeni kwamehlo, le (i-Oculomotor Nerve) yenza umsebenzi omningi. Yilena ethumela izimpawu emisipheni engaba yisikhombisa ezungeze iso. Bheka ukuthi yenzani:

• Kukusiza ukuvula amehlo akho: Lokhu kukusiza ukuvula amehlo akho ngokushesha nje lapho uvuka ekuseni.
• Phendula amehlo akho phezulu naphansi: Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ubheke inyoni esibhakabhakeni kanye nokuthile okuwele phansi.
• Phendula amehlo womabili ngaphakathi (ngaphakathi): Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela yokuthi uma sibheka into eseduze nathi, amehlo ethu aphendukela ngaphakathi kancane.
• Uma iso lakho libheke ngaphakathi, liphakamise: Lokhu kuwukunyakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa futhi kuyasiza.
• Kusisiza sibone izinto eziseduze nezicacile: Lokhu kwenziwa ngokulawula "imisipha ye-Ciliary" ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu nokushintsha ukuma kwelensi yeso. Njengokuthi "ukugxila" ekhamera.
• Vula i-pupil: Yilokhu okulawula inani lokukhanya okungena esweni ngokwenza i-pupil ifinyele ekukhanyeni okukhulu futhi ikhule ebumnyameni.

Ngakho-ke uyabona, akunjalo? Yeka umsebenzi obalulekile owenziwa yilo mzwelo omncane!

Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokunyakaza kwamehlo ezingalawulwa yile `(Oculomotor Nerve)`. Ake sithole ukuthi ziyini:

• Uma iso liphendukela ngaphakathi (libheke ekhaleni), iso libheke phansi. Lokhu kusizwa yi -`(Trochlear nerve)`, i-`CN IV` nerve.
• Ukuguqula iso libheke ngaphandle (ngaphandle). Lokhu kusizwa yi-"CN VI" nerve, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-Abducens nerve" .

Yimaphi amanye amakhono anikezwa yile nzwa?

Umbono wethu uyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke le `(Oculomotor Nerve)` isebenza kanye nezinye izinhlelo eziningana ukuze isinike umbono omuhle. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• Indawo Yokuhlala: Leli yikhono lokugcina umbono ocacile wento eza kuwe noma ehamba kude nawe. Isibonelo, uma ibhola liza kuwe, alifiphali ngenxa yaleli khono.
• AmaSaccade: Lokhu kubhekisela ekunyakazeni okusheshayo kwamehlo emuva naphambili njengoba sibheka nxazonke. Kufana nokuskena. Lokhu kunyakaza kwenzeka nalapho sifunda umugqa encwadini.
• Ukuphishekela okubushelelezi: Ikhono lokulandela into ehambayo ngamehlo womabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngaphandle kokugxumagxuma. Isibonelo, lokhu kusetshenziswa lapho ubuka ibhola emdlalweni wekhilikithi.
• I-Vestibulo-ocular reflex: Lokhu kuyinto enhle kakhulu. Ngisho noma ushukumisa ikhanda lakho ngokushesha, usengabheka endaweni efanayo ngaphandle kokushintsha amehlo akho. Yilapho uhlelo olulawula ibhalansi yethu kanye nokunyakaza kwemisipha yekhanda namehlo kusebenza khona ndawonye.
• I-Pupillary light reflex: Uma singena endaweni ekhanyayo noma emnyama ngokuzumayo, inhlamvu yeso iyakhula ibe ncane. Yilokho okubizwa ngakho. Izinzwa zethu ze-optic (CN II) zitshela ubuchopho ukuthi kukhanya noma kumnyama lapha. Bese ubuchopho butshela i-Oculomotor Nerve ukuthi ishintshe usayizi wenhlamvu ngokufanele.

Yiziphi izimo ezingathinta i-Oculomotor Nerve?

Njenganoma yimuphi omunye umthambo, i-"Oculomotor Nerve" ingathinteka yizifo nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Futhi, njengoba lo mthambo udlula ebuchosheni, ungonakaliswa yithonya elithile ebuchosheni.

Uma le nzwa ingasebenzi kahle, siyibiza ngokuthi i-oculomotor nerve palsy . Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-third nerve palsy. Kungaba nezimbangela eziningi zalokhu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Izinkinga zesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela (uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo sikashukela) kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kungabangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi emthanjeni ivaleke. Lokhu kungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi "ischemia" lapho umthambo ungatholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ozidingayo, bese umthambo uqala ukufa. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni unomphela kokulawula imisipha elawulwa umthambo. Futhi, ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho (ukopha kwegazi) kungabangela lezi zimo.
• Ukulimala: Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda, ebusweni, noma ebuchosheni kungalimaza le "Oculomotor Nerve." Bese izimpawu azidluli kahle.
• Ukutheleleka: Amagciwane anjengebhaktheriya namagciwane angabangela ukulimala kwemizwa. Isibonelo , ukutheleleka nge-HIV kanye namagciwane abangela isifo se-Lyme .
• Izifo zobuchopho kanye nesistimu yezinzwa: Le nzwa ingathinteka futhi yizifo ezithinta ukusebenza kobuchopho. Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne -migraines kanye nokuxhuzula . Ingonakaliswa futhi yizimo ezimbi ezifana nokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okuhamba kancane (TIAs) .
• Ukuvuvukala: Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwezicubu kungacasula i-Oculomotor Nerve futhi kuphazamise ikhono layo lokudlulisa izimpawu. Lezi zimo zokuvuvukala zingavela ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Zingabangelwa futhi yizimo zokuzivikela komzimba lapho amasosha omzimba ethu ehlasela khona izicubu zemizwa. Isibonelo yisifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Multiple Sclerosis (MS) .
• Izimila (ezinomdlavuza futhi ezingenabungozi): Izimila ezinjengalezi zingacindezela futhi zilimaze i-Oculomotor Nerve, ziphazamise ikhono layo lokudlulisa izimpawu.
• Izimo zokuzalwa: Lezi yizimo esizalwa nazo. Ngokuvamile, i-Oculomotor Nerve noma izakhiwo ezizungezile azikhuli kahle. Lokhu kuphazamisa ikhono lomthambo lokudlulisa izimpawu. Ezinye zazo zingelashwa.
• Izimbangela ze-Idiopathic: Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yenkinga nge-Oculomotor Nerve ayitholakali . Uma imbangela ingaziwa, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Idiopathic.

Yiziphi izimpawu lapho lo mthambo uthintekile?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu esizitholayo uma kunenkinga nge-`(Oculomotor Nerve)`. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

• Ubunzima bokuhambisa iso elilodwa noma womabili.
• Ijwabu eligobile (i-Ptosis): Uma ijwabu elilodwa libonakala liphansi kunelinye.
• I-Strabismus: Uma iso elilodwa libheke phambili, elinye iso libonakala sengathi liphendukele kolunye uhlangothi.
• Ukubona okukabili (i-Diplopia): Uma into eyodwa ibonakala sengathi ikabili.
• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukukhula okungavamile komfundi (i-mydriasis) kanye nokuncipha noma ukungabi bikho kokusabela ekukhanyeni.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela ojwayelekile ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Siyivikela kanjani le nzwa eyigugu?

Ukulondoloza impilo ye-`(Oculomotor Nerve)` yethu kufana nokugcina impilo yomzimba wonke. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezilula esingazenza:

• Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha minyaka yonke kanye nokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo:Lokhu kungabonakala ngaphambi kokuba ezinye izimpawu zivele emehlweni nasemzimbeni.
• Uma usebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi (ugwayi, i-vaping, ukuhlafuna ugwayi), yeka ukuyisebenzisa. Noma, ungaqali. Cela usizo kudokotela wakho ukuyeka.
• Sebenzisa izimpahla zokuphepha njengezigqoko zokuzivikela kanye namabhande ezihlalo ezimotweni. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala ekhanda.
• Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela (uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo sikashukela) noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, zilawule kahle. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kahle.

Okokugcina, nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi le `(Oculomotor Nerve)` iyizinzwa ezibaluleke kakhulu ezisiza amehlo ethu ukuthi asebenze kahle futhi abone umhlaba ngokucacile. Nakuba singacabangi kakhulu ngakho uma kusebenza kahle, uma kunenkinga, ingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yethu.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unenkinga yokuhambisa amehlo akho, noma uma kunenkinga nge-`(Oculomotor Nerve)`, sicela ungesabi noma ukwethuka bese ubona udokotela wamehlo. Angahlonza imbangela yezimpawu zakho futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngokwelashwa okufanele. Khumbula, uma kutholakala ngokushesha, kulapho ukwelashwa kuzophumelela khona.

Imizwa , inzwa yokubona, ukunyakaza kwamehlo, ubuchopho, umbono, impilo yamehlo, i-CN III, inzwa ye-Oculomotor