Ingabe kukhona okungajwayelekile ngamaseli akho egazi? Ake sibone ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-(Peripheral Blood Smear - PBS) kuthini!

Wake wahlolwa igazi watshelwa udokotela ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngalo mbiko? Noma, ngenxa yokuthi unezimpawu ezithile ongaziqondi, ingabe udokotela ukucele ukuba wenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile? Ngaleso sikhathi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi `(Peripheral Blood Smear)` noma `(PBS)`. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kuhlolwa namuhla.

Ake siqale sibone ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(Peripheral Blood Smear - PBS)` kuyini.

Kalula nje, i-Peripheral Blood Smear ukuhlolwa okubheka amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet egazini lakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ezinye izivivinyo zegazi zenziwa ngemishini. Kodwa ku-PBS, udokotela noma uchwepheshe welabhorethri yezokwelapha oqeqeshiwe ubheka amangqamuzana asesampula yegazi lakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope futhi ahlole ukuma kwawo, usayizi, kanye nenombolo. Kufana nomseshi ofuna izinguquko ezincane kumaseli akho egazi.

Kungani udokotela angakutshela ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(PBS)`?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe i-PBS.

• Uma kukhona umehluko ku-Complete Blood Count yakho (CBC): Kungenzeka ukuthi wake waba ne-CBC ngaphambili. Uma imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, noma ama-platelet awavamile, noma ukuthi izinombolo zawo ziphansi kakhulu noma ziphezulu kakhulu, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuthola ukuthi kungani. Yilapho i-CBC ihlolisisa khona amangqamuzana akho egazi ukuze izame ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela. Isibonelo, i-CBC ingakutshela ukuthi amangqamuzana akho amhlophe egazi aphansi kakhulu. I-CBC ingakutshela okuningi ngesimo samangqamuzana akho amhlophe egazi, noma ukuthi hlobo luni lwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi aphansi.
• Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu: ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engachazeki, ugula njalo, uphuma igazi ezindaweni ezithile emzimbeni wakho, noma unezinye izimpawu ezingavamile, udokotela wakho angase asole inkinga yegazi. Ngisho noma kunjalo, le `(PBS)` ingakunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile.
• Bona ukuthi umzimba wakho uyasabela yini ekwelashweni: Uma welashwa isifo esithile, njengomdlavuza, odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo lwe-``(PBS)`` ukuze babone ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele yini nokuthi amaseli akho egazi abuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
• Ngaphambi kokufakelwa i-stem cell: Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile futhi ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngomnkantsha womuntu kanye namaseli egazi lapho elungiselela ukufakelwa i-stem cell.

Khumbula, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-PBS iyodwa ayikwazi ukuhlonza isifo ngokunembile. Udokotela uzokwenza ukuxilongwa ngokuhlanganisa lonke ulwazi oluvela emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kanye nokuhlolwa kwelebhu njenge-PBS.

Yini ngempela engahlolwa ngalolu vivinyo lwe-`(PBS)`?

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-`(PBS)` kukhombisani, ake siqale sifunde kancane ngezinhlobo zamaseli eziyinhloko kanye nama-platelet egazini lethu.

• Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu: Lawa afana "nenkonzo yokuthutha umoya" ethwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke. Cabanga ngale ndlela, athatha umoya-mpilo emaphashini akho awulethe kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wakho. Yilapho lawo maseli ethola khona amandla okusebenza. Endleleni ebuyayo, athatha i-carbon dioxide (igesi engcolile) ekhishwa kulawo maseli ayibuyisele emaphashini akho. Leyo carbon dioxide iyakhishwa lapho sikhipha umoya.
• Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi: Lawa “amandla okuzivikela” omzimba wakho. Lawa mangqamuzana amhlophe egazi akuvikela ezifweni nasezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezahlukene zala maseli, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lulwa nezifo ngendlela ehlukile.
• Ama-Platelet: Yilawa asiza ukujiya kwegazi lakho. Ake sithi unesilonda esincane, futhi lawa ma-platelet asiza ekumiseni ukuphuma kwegazi. Uma lawa ephansi ngenani, ukuphuma kwegazi kungenzeka, futhi kungaba uphawu lweminye imidlavuza, izifo, noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo.

Ngakho-ke, ekuhlolweni kwe-``(PBS)``, udokotela ubheka lawa maseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ngemuva kwalokho angabona izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Izinguquko ngobukhulu kanye nesimo samaseli egazi nama-platelet: Kwezinye izifo zegazi noma umdlavuza wegazi, isimo kanye nosayizi wala maseli kungashintsha. Isibonelo, amaseli abomvu egazi angase abe makhulu, abe mancane, noma abe nesimo esingavamile.
• Izinguquko ekubalweni kwamaseli egazi kanye nama-platelet: Lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi kunezinhlobo zamaseli ezimbalwa noma eziningi kakhulu. Lezi zinguquko zingabonisa ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngomnkantsha wethambo (lapho kwakhiwa khona amaseli egazi kanye nama-platelet).
• Izinguquko ezingavamile ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamaseli amhlophe egazi: Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zamaseli amhlophe egazi. Umehluko ngenani, ukuma, nezinye izici zohlobo ngalunye unganikeza izinkomba ngezifo ezahlukahlukene.
• Ukuhlola ama-parasite egazini: Kwezinye izifo, njengomalaleveva, ama-parasite angatholakala egazini. I-"PBS" nayo ingathola izinto ezinjalo.

Yiziphi izifo ezingasiza ekuxilongweni kwe-`(Peripheral Blood Smear)`?

Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-PBS ukusiza ekuxilongeni izifo ezahlukahlukene zegazi, umdlavuza wegazi, kanye nezifo. Lezi zimo zingavela lapho amaseli emnkantsheni eba angajwayelekile futhi akhule abe amaseli omdlavuza angajwayelekile (abizwa nangokuthi ama-blasts). Ezinye izibonelo zifaka:

• I-leukemia: Lona umdlavuza okhula egazini nasemnkantsheni. Amaseli emnkantsheni aba angajwayelekile futhi aqale ukukhiqiza amaseli egazi anempilo angaphezu kwavamile. Lawa maseli angajwayelekile angabonakala nge-blood smear (PBS).
• I-Myelodysplastic syndrome: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza futhi. Lubangelwa izinguquko emaseli egazi. Lezi zinguquko zivimbela umzimba ukuthi wakhe amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe aphilile, akhule ngokugcwele, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, kanye/noma ama-platelet.
• I-anemia: I-anemia yenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungenawo amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo anele. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (i-PBS) kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela ye-anemia ngokubheka usayizi nesimo samangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi.
• Kuhlobene Nokwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Ngezinye izikhathi inani lamaseli abomvu egazi elingaphezu kwejwayelekile lingaba uphawu lwamazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo, okuhambisana nezimo ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
• I-Lymphoma: Lona umdlavuza oqala ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic, ngokuvamile kuma-lymph node. Uhlelo lwakho lwe-lymphatic luqukethe amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe avela emnkantsheni wamathambo. Lawa maseli avame ukwanda ngobukhulu lapho umzimba usabela ezifweni, bese encipha ngenani. I-Lymphoma yenzeka lapho iseli legazi elimhlophe ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic liba nomdlavuza futhi liqhubeka ngaphandle kokuncipha ngenani noma ngobukhulu.
• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo: Lezi zifo zenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela ngephutha umzimba wakho. Inani eliphansi lamaseli amhlophe egazi lingaba uphawu lwalolu hlobo lwesifo.
• Umalaleveva: Umalaleveva uvela lapho umiyane ophethe amagciwane e-malaria ekuluma bese amagciwane engena egazini lakho. Lawa magciwane angabonakala nge-PBS.

Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(Peripheral Blood Smear)`?

Kulula kakhulu. Ithonsi legazi lakho lifakwa kuslayidi yengilazi bese lisakazeka libe yifilimu encane. Bese, kungezwa ikhemikhali ekhethekile ukuze izici ezikhethekile zala maseli egazi zibonakale kakhulu (okubizwa nangokuthi ukudaya). Ekugcineni, le sampula elungisiwe ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Kufana nokwenza isithombe sicace.

Uthini umbiko wokuhlolwa? Udokotela wenzani ngawo?

Udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa kwe-PBS ngesizathu esithile. Kungaba ukuphenya umphumela ongavamile ku-CBC yakho. Noma kungaba ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu zakho. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi kungani kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-PBS nokuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-Peripheral Blood Smear kuyingxenye eyodwa kuphela yenqubo yokuxilonga.Udokotela uzofinyelela esiphethweni ngokuhlanganisa ulwazi oluvela kulokhu, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa komzimba. Kungase kudingeke futhi wenze izivivinyo ezengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, uma unemibuzo mayelana nalolu vivinyo noma olunye uvivinyo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Uzokuchazela izinto.

Ngakho-ke, nazi izinto okudingeka uzikhumbule kukho konke lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) ukuhlolwa okubheka amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, nama-platelet egazini lakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Lokhu kungabona izinguquko esimweni, usayizi, kanye nenani lamaseli egazi.
• Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukukhubazeka "ku-"(CBC)", izimpawu ezingacacile, kanye nokuqapha impumelelo yokwelashwa.
• Lokhu kusiza ukuthola izinkomba ngezifo ezahlukahlukene ezifana ne-leukemia, i-anemia, kanye ne-malaria.
• Lokhu kukodwa akukwazi ukuhlonza isifo ngokunembile, kuyisinyathelo esisodwa nje enkambisweni yokuxilonga.
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungesabi, odokotela bakhona ukuzokusiza.

Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi uluthole luwusizo! Hlala uphilile!

Ukusmear Kwegazi Okungaphandle , i-PBS, ukuhlolwa kwefilimu yegazi, amaseli egazi, ukuxilongwa, i-leukemia, i-anemia