Ngesikhathi semvula, lapho amanzi asizungezile egcwala futhi omiyane beqala ukuzala, enye yezinto ezinkulu ezikhathaza wonke umuntu yi-dengue. Ngisho nokubona umiyane omncane kwenza inhliziyo yakho iqhaqhazele, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokunembile nangokulula ngomkhuhlane we-dengue, wonke umuntu akhuluma ngawo kulezi zinsuku, izimpawu zawo, izindlela zokuhlala uphephile, kanye nokwelashwa.
Uyini ngempela umkhuhlane we-dengue?
Kalula nje, umkhuhlane we-dengue yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Ungena emizimbeni yethu lapho silunywa umiyane wohlobo lwe -Aedes oluthwala igciwane le-dengue. Lo miyane uthola igciwane uma umunca igazi lomuntu osevele enalo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umkhuhlane we-dengue awudluliselwa ngqo kusuka komunye umuntu uye komunye. Ngenxa yalokhu, lowo miyane kufanele ube ngumlamuleli.
Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu emazweni ashisayo njengeSri Lanka. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sihlale sikuqaphela lokhu.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zegciwane le-dengue?
Yebo. Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko, noma njengoba odokotela bezibiza, ama-serotype, egciwane le-dengue.
- I-DENV-1
- I-DENV-2
- I-DENV-3
- I-DENV-4
Zonke ezine zibangela izimpawu ezifanayo. Kodwa into ekhethekile lapha ukuthi uma uthola i-dengue kusuka kolunye uhlobo lwegciwane (isibonelo, i-DENV-1), umzimba wakho uthuthukisa ukuzivikela komzimba wakho wonke ngokumelene nalolo hlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uphinde uthole i-dengue kusuka kulolo hlobo. Kodwa-ke, uthola isivikelo sesikhashana kuphela kwezinye izinhlobo ezintathu. Ngakho-ke, kunengozi yokuthola i-dengue okwesibili kusuka kolunye uhlobo lwegciwane.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-dengue ne-malaria?
Njengodenga, umalaleveva nawo uyisifo esithwalwa omiyane. Kodwa lezi zibili zihluke ngokuphelele. Kubalulekile ukwazi lo mehluko ngokucacile.
| Isici | Umkhuhlane weDengue | Umalaleveva |
|---|---|---|
| Isidalwa sokuzala | Ngegciwane le-dengue. | Ngesidalwa esibangela umalaleveva. |
| Umiyane othwala izifo | Umiyane i-Aedes (ngokuvamile ukulunywa emini). | Umiyane we-Anopheles (ngokuvamile ukuluma ebusuku). |
| Izimpawu eziyinhloko | Umkhuhlane omkhulu, ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwamehlo, ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye namalunga, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. | Umkhuhlane omkhulu ohambisana nokubanda, ukukhathala okukhulu, i-jaundice, kanye nokuxhuzula. |
| Ukwelashwa | Akukho muthi othize wegciwane. Ukwelashwa okusekelayo kunikezwa izimpawu. | Kunemithi ethile yokwelapha umalaleveva. |
Ziyini izimpawu ze-dengue?
Izimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 neziyi-10 ngemva kokulunywa umiyane.
Izimpawu ezivamile zomkhuhlane we-dengue:
- Umkhuhlane ophakeme kakhulu (104°F / 40°C)
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingabekezeleleki
- Ubuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu emzimbeni, emalungeni, nasemathanjeni (yingakho bubizwa nangokuthi "umkhuhlane wethambo eliphukile")
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ubomvu besikhumba
Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zincane kakhulu futhi zingase zizwakale njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo, kungcono ukubona udokotela.
Izimpawu eziyingozi okufanele uziqaphele!
Ngezinye izikhathi, umkhuhlane we-dengue ojwayelekile ungakhula ube yisimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever . Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, kufanele uye esibhedlela noma e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha .
Izimpawu Zesexwayiso:
* Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
* Ukuhlanza okungayeki
*Ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni noma ezinsinini
* Ukopha okubangelwa ukuhlanza, indle, noma umchamo
* Ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba (njengemivimbo)
* Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha
* Ukukhathala okukhulu, ukudinwa
* Ukungahlaliseki noma ukucasuka
Lesi simo singadlulela ku-Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) futhi singaba yingozi ngisho nasekufeni. Ngakho-ke qaphela lezi zimpawu.
Ungazi kanjani ngokuqinisekile ukuthi udenga? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sohudo, udokotela angakuqinisekisa lokho ngokuhlola igazi. Ungakhohlwa ukutshela udokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma uke waya endaweni evame ukuba nohudo futhi waba nomkhuhlane.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa okuyinhloko ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-dengue:
- Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Antibody: Lokhu kuhlola ama-antibodies egazini lakho akhiqizwa ngumzimba wakho ngokumelene negciwane le-dengue. Okunye ukuhlolwa okunjalo yi-MAC-ELISA.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Molecular: Lokhu kubheka ngqo ukuba khona kwezinto zofuzo zegciwane egazini. Ukuhlolwa okuvame kakhulu kwalolu hlobo lokuhlolwa yi-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (CBC / FBC): Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu ku-dengue. Uma kwenzeka i-dengue, inani lama-platelet namaseli amhlophe egazi egazini lethu liyancipha. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza udokotela ukuthi athole umbono wobunzima besifo sakho.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha udenga?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi akukabikho umuthi othize okwamanje wokubulala igciwane le-dengue. Esingakwenza nje ukulawula izimpawu nokusekela umzimba.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unesifo sohudo, yenza lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
1. Phuza imithi yokubulala izinhlungu: Sebenzisa i-paracetamol kuphela uma umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.
2. Gwema le mithi: Gwema ukuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu (ama-NSAID) njenge -aspirin ne-ibuprofen . Ingandisa ingozi yokopha.
3. Phumula ngokwanele: Nikeza umzimba wakho ukuphumula okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
4. Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Qhubeka uphuza amanzi, amajusi, iphalishi, kanye nezinye izinto eziwuketshezi.
Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, uma umkhuhlane wakho uphela ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu futhi uzizwa ungaphilile kahle futhi, noma uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu eziyingozi esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa.
Ungazivikela kanjani ku-dengue? (Ukuvimbela)
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ku-dengue ukuzivikela komiyane. Sonke sidinga ukusebenzisana ukuze senze lokhu.
Zivikele:
- Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha omiyane: Faka izinto zokuxosha omiyane ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
- Gqoka ngendlela efanele: Gqoka amabhulukwe amade nezingubo ezinemikhono emide uma uphuma ngaphandle.
- Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane: Qiniseka ukuthi ulala ngaphansi kwenethi yomiyane uma ulele.
- Beka amanetha eminyango nasemafasiteleni:Uma kungenzeka, faka izikrini eminyango nasemafasiteleni ukuze uvimbele omiyane ukuthi bangangeni.
Masiqede izindawo zokuzalela komiyane:
Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Umiyane i-Aedes ubeka amaqanda awo emanzini ahlanzekile, amile . Ngakho hlola ingadi yakho nendawo ezungezile njalo.
- Lahla izinto ezifana namathayi amadala, izinkomishi zeyogathi, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, namathini angenalutho.
- Hlala uthulula futhi womise amasoso ngaphansi kwezimbiza zezimbali kanye namathileyi angemuva kwesiqandisi lapho amanzi eqoqana khona.
- Hlola amapayipi ophahleni ukuthi awanawo yini amaqabunga abhajwayo futhi abangela ukuba amanzi aqongelelane.
- Gcina izinto ezifana namathangi amanzi kanye nemigqomo zivaliwe kahle.
Uma othile ekhaya lakho ene-dengue, qaphela kakhulu ukuvikela abanye komiyane, ngoba umiyane oluma lowo muntu ungasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye abantu ekhaya.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane we-dengue usatshalaliswa umiyane i-Aedes. Awudluliselwa ngqo kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye.
- Nakuba umkhuhlane omkhulu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba kuyizimpawu ezivamile, hlala uqaphela izimpawu eziyingozi njengobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, kanye nokopha .
- Akukho muthi othize wegciwane le-dengue. Ukwelashwa kungokwesekwa kuphela njengokuphumula , uketshezi kanye ne-paracetamol .
- Gwema ukuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efana ne-aspirin noma i-ibuprofen.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ku-dengue ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane nokubhubhisa izindawo zokuzalela omiyane. Kungumthwalo wakho ukugcina indawo okuyo ihlanzekile.
- Uma ungabaza noma uma kuvela izimpawu eziyingozi, bona udokotela wakho noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
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