Wake wezwa nge-'thymus'? Kungase kungabi yigama elijwayelekile, kodwa le ndlala encane etholakala esifubeni sakho esingaphezulu yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Isebenza njengomnakekeli omncane womzimba wakho. Namuhla, ake sihlole ukuthi iyini i-thymus, insizakalo ebalulekile enikezayo, kanye nezimo zempilo ezingayithinta.
Iyini i-Thymus? Yenzani Ngempela?
Kalula nje, i-thymus iyingxenye yesistimu yakho ye-lymphatic . Ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini uhlelo lwe-lymphatic; luyinethiwekhi ehlanganisa izitho ezifana nama-tonsils akho, i-spleen, kanye ne-appendix. Lolu hlelo luyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yakho yokuzivikela komzimba —ithimba elikhethekile elikuvikela ezifweni namagciwane. I-thymus ingumdlali obalulekile kuleli butho lokuzivikela.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-thymus ukuqeqesha uhlobo oluthile lweseli elimhlophe legazi , esilibiza ngokuthi ama-T-lymphocyte noma ama-T-cells nje. Lawa maseli aqala emnkantsheni wakho wamathambo futhi aya e-thymus. Uma esengaphakathi, i-thymus isebenza "njengesikole sokuqeqesha" lapho la ma-T-cell evuthwa khona futhi afunde ukuthi angabona futhi alwe kanjani nabahlaseli abayingozi.
Cabanga ngama-T-cell njengamasosha akhethekile omzimba wakho. I-thymus yikamu lokuqeqeshwa lapho la masosha efundiswa khona ukusebenzisa izikhali zawo nokuhlonza isitha.
Uma seziqeqeshwe kahle, la ma-T-cell angena egazini lakho. Ukusuka lapho, aya kuma -lymph node akho (lezo zindlala ezincane, ezibunjwe njengobhontshisi ezitholakala kuwo wonke umzimba wakho) nakwezinye izingxenye zesistimu ye-lymphatic, lapho ezima khona zilungele ukuzivikela ezifweni nasezifweni.
Ingabe i-Thymus ikhiqiza ama-hormone?
Yebo! I-thymus ayigcini nje ngokusiza amasosha omzimba wakho; futhi iyilungu lesistimu yakho ye-endocrine , enesibopho sokukhiqiza nokukhulula ama-hormone alawula imisebenzi eyahlukene yomzimba. Nazi ama-hormone ayinhloko akhiqizwa yi-thymus:
- I-Thymopoietin: Lokhu kusiza ekukhiqizweni kwama-T-cell futhi kusayine i -pituitary gland ebuchosheni bakho ukuthi ikhiphe amanye ama-hormone .
- I-Thymosin ne-Thymulin: Lawa ma-hormone asiza ekudaleni izinhlobo ezithile zama-T-cell.
- I-Thymic Humoral Factor: Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amasosha omzimba wakho esebenza kahle.
Njengoba ubona, lesi sitho esincane senza umsebenzi omkhulu wokuphakamisa!
I-Thymus isebenza kakhulu nini?
Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu: I-thymus isebenza kakhulu ebuntwaneni. Empeleni iqala ukukhiqiza ama-T-cell ngisho nangaphambi kokuba uzalwe. Ngesikhathi ufika ekuthombeni , iningi lama-T-cell owadingayo empilweni selivele likhiqizwe.
Ngemva kokuthomba, i-thymus iqala ukuncipha futhi kancane kancane ithathelwa indawo yizicubu ezinamafutha. Indima yayo iyancipha njengoba ukhula, kodwa asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka, njengoba umzimba wakho usuvele wakhe isitolo esikhulu sama-T-cell ukuze uhlale impilo yakho yonke.
Itholakalaphi i-Thymus? Ibukeka Kanjani?
I-thymus itholakala engxenyeni engenhla yesifuba sakho, ngqo ngemuva kwe-sternum yakho (ithambo lesifuba). Ikakhulukazi, ihlala phakathi kwamaphaphu akho futhi iphambi nangaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho. Odokotela babiza lesi sifunda sesifuba esiphakathi ngokuthi i- mediastinum .
I-thymus inombala opinki-mpunga futhi inezingxenye ezimbili ezingajwayelekile ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-lobes . Ubuso balezi zi-lobes bumbozwe yizakhiwo ezincane ezinamaqhubu ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-lobules .
Ngokuphathelene nosayizi,I-thymus inkulu kakhulu ezinsaneni nasezinganeni. Ifinyelela isisindo sayo esiphezulu (cishe amagremu angu-28) cishe ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Ngemva kwalokho, iyancipha, yingakho i-thymus incane kakhulu kubantu abadala.
Yiziphi Izimo Zempilo Ezithinta I-Thymus?
Izimo eziningana zingathinta i-thymus, kusukela ezinkingeni zofuzo zokuzalwa kuya ezinkingeni eziphakama lapho umuntu esemdala:
- I-DiGeorge Syndrome: Lesi yisimo esikhona lapho kuzalwa khona lapho i-thymus ingekho noma ingakhuli kahle. Izingane ezine-DiGeorge syndrome zivame ukuba nesifo sokuntuleka kwamasosha omzimba okukhulu, okuzenza zibe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
- Isifo se-graft-versus-host: Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho kwenziwa khona ukufakelwa kwe-thymus, i-thymus esanda kutshalwa ingakhiqiza amaseli ahlasela amangqamuzana omzimba womuntu owamukelayo. Lokhu kusabela komzimba kwaziwa ngokuthi isifo se-graft-versus-host.
- Ukwanda kwe-Mediastinal: Lokhu ukukhula, ama-cyst , noma ezinye izinkinga ezenzeka esifubeni lapho i-thymus itholakala khona. Lokhu kungaba yingozi noma kube yingozi.
- I-Thymoma kanye ne-Thymic Carcinoma ( umdlavuza we-Thymus): Lezi yizinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingavamile ezingakheka ebusweni be-thymus.
- I-Thymoma: Lawa abukeka afana namaseli e-thymus ajwayelekile, akhula kancane, futhi ngokuvamile awasabalali ngaphandle kwe-thymus.
- I-Thymic Carcinoma: Lawa abukeka ehlukile kumaseli e-thymus ajwayelekile, akhula ngamandla, futhi avame ukusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
- Ngokuvamile i-thymomas ilula ukwelapha kune-thymic carcinomas.
Ezinye Izimo Ezihlobene Nempilo Ye-Thymus
Ngezinye izikhathi, ezinye izimo zesistimu zihlotshaniswa nezinkinga ezihlobene ne-thymus:
- I-Myasthenia Gravis: Lesi yisifo esihlasela umzimba lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela khona umzimba wakho ngephutha. Ngokukhethekile, amasosha omzimba avimba izimpawu ezivela emithanjeni yakho ziye emisipheni yakho, okuholela ebuthakathakeni bemisipha.
- I-Aplasia Yeseli Elibomvu Elihlanzekile: Isimo esingavamile sokuzivikela komzimba lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi okukhulu.
- I-Hypogammaglobulinemia: Isimo esibonakala ngamazinga aphansi ama -antibodies egazini lakho.
Eminye imidlavuza, njenge-lymphoma kanye nezimila ze-germ cell, ingavela naku-mediastinum, yize ihlukile kuma-thymomas noma ama-thymic carcinomas.
Yiziphi Izimpawu Zomdlavuza We-Thymus?
Izimpawu ezivamile ezihambisana nezimila ze-thymus zifaka:
- Ubuhlungu endaweni engenhla yesifuba
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, okuhlala isikhathi eside
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukusha kwezwi
- Ukuvuvukala kobuso, intamo, noma isifuba esingaphezulu
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, sicela uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma uvakashele isikhungo sokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.
Ungaphila Ngaphandle Kwe-Thymus?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-thymus ibalulekile ekuqeqesheni ama-T-cell ngesikhathi sokukhula kwakho kwasekuqaleni, iyisitho esibalulekile. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi ufika ebudaleni, umzimba wakho usuvele ukhiqize iningi lama-T-cell oyoke uwadinge.
Ngakho-ke, abantu abadala ngokuvamile bangaphila impilo egcwele nenempilo ngaphandle kwe-thymus esebenzayo.
Kodwa-ke, uma i-thymus kufanele isuswe kusana noma enganeni, ingaholela ezinkingeni zempilo zesikhathi eside, njengengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka, izifo ezibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba, kanye nokungezwani komzimba.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Thymus ne-Thyroid?
Nakuba zombili ziyizindlala, zenza imisebenzi ehluke ngokuphelele:
- I-Thymus: I-gland yesistimu yomzimba eqeqesha ama-T-cell ukuvikela umzimba wakho.
- I-thyroid: I-endocrine gland etholakala ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, ngaphansi kwe-larynx, ekhiqiza ama-hormone alawula imetabolism yakho nokukhula.
Ziyizitho zomzimba ezihlukile futhi akufanele zididaniswe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe okuningi nge-thymus ngaphambili, kodwa idlala indima ebalulekile ekubekeni isisekelo sesimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela. Ngokuqeqesha ama-T-cell eminyakeni yakho yokuqala, ikunikeza isivikelo sokuphila konke ezifweni. Nakuba izifo ezihlobene ne-thymus zingavamile, uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba obuqhubekayo, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, noma ezinye izimpawu eziphathelene nakho, sicela uxhumane nodokotela. Akuzona zonke izimpawu ezingathi sína, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kuhlale kuyisinqumo esihlakaniphe kakhulu sokuthula kwengqondo yakho. Hlala uphilile!
I-Thymus, ukuzivikela komzimba, amaseli e-T, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic, ama-hormone, umdlavuza we-thymus
