Umngane wenhliziyo yethu: Ake sifunde ngqo nge-Circumflex Artery!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi inhliziyo yethu isebenza kahle kangakanani? Ngaphakathi kwaleyo nhliziyo encane kukhona inethiwekhi ebaluleke kakhulu yemithambo yegazi. Omunye wabangane abakhethekile kuleyo nethiwekhi ubizwa ngokuthi i-'Circumflex Artery'. Udokotela wakho angase ayibize nangokuthi i-'LCx' artery, noma i-'circ'. Ngakho-ke, namuhla, sizoxoxa ngale 'Circumflex Artery' ngokuningiliziwe?

Kuyini i-'Circumflex Artery'? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kulungile, cabanga ngale ndlela. Kunemithambo yegazi emibili eyinhloko enikeza igazi ezinhliziyweni zethu. Yimithambo yenhliziyo yesobunxele nesokudla. Umthambo wenhliziyo wesobunxele oyinhloko (i-Left Main Coronary Artery) bese uhlukana ube amagatsha amabili amancane. Elinye lalawo magatsha yi-circumflex artery esikhuluma ngayo. Elinye igatsha yi-left anterior descending artery (LAD Artery). Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi ukuhlukana komthambo wegazi.

Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi oyinhloko walo `(Circumflex Artery)` ukuthwala igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo liye ngemuva nasemaceleni egumbi lokupompa ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Kufana nepayipi elithwala amanzi liye empompini yamanzi.

Kwenzekani ngempela ngale 'Circumflex Artery'?

Sinesimiso esithwala igazi kuwo wonke umzimba wethu, esisibiza ngokuthi i-Circulatory System. Lo "Mthambo we-Circumflex" uwumthambo wegazi obalulekile oxhumene nenhliziyo kulowo mthambo.

Okwenzekayo lapha kungahluka kancane kuye ngesakhiwo somzimba womuntu ngamunye. Kodwa-ke, kuwo wonke umuntu, izingxenye ezilandelayo zohlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo zinikezwa igazi elinomoya-mpilo yi-"Circumflex Artery":

• I-Atrium Yesobunxele - Leli yigumbi eliphezulu kwesobunxele lenhliziyo.
• I-Ventricle Yesobunxele – Lena yigumbi elikhulu ohlangothini olungezansi kwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.
• Imisipha ye-papillary ngaphakathi kwe-ventricle yesobunxele.

Kwabanye abantu, kodwa hhayi bonke, le `(Circumflex Artery)` ihlinzeka ngegazi kwenye ingxenye ebalulekile yenhliziyo. Leyo yi-`Sinoatrial Node` (`SA Node`). Kwabaningi abantu, lo msebenzi wenziwa umthambo wenhliziyo oyinhloko ofanele. Le `(SA Node)` iyingxenye yesistimu yokuhambisa ugesi yenhliziyo elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yethu. Odokotela bayibiza nangokuthi ``i-pacemaker yemvelo`` yenhliziyo.

Ngakho-ke ikuphi le 'Circumflex Artery'?

Sesishilo kakade ukuthi umthambo omkhulu wenhliziyo yesobunxele uhlukana ube amagatsha amabili. Yilapho lo `(Circumflex Artery)` uqala khona. Utholakala ngaphakathi kwengqimba yangaphandle yenhliziyo evikelayo ebizwa ngokuthi `(Epicardium).` Ukuze kube sobala, uhamba ngomsele omncane phakathi kwamakamelo amabili ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.

Ingabe i-'Circumflex Artery' inamanye amagatsha?

Yebo, lo `(Circumflex Artery)` unikeza namagatsha amancane. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi `Amagatsha E-Marginal Artery`. Inani lala magatsha alifani kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe namagatsha amathathu kuphela aya ohlangothini olubizwa ngokuthi `Amagatsha E-Obtuse Marginal`. Lawa magatsha amancane avame ukuhamba ngaphandle kwe-`Left Ventricle`, eya ku-`Apex` yayo.

Kwabantu abambalwa kakhulu, lo `(Circumflex Artery)` unelinye igatsha elibizwa ngokuthi `Left Posterior Ventricular – LPV Artery`. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abaningi, lo `(LPV Artery)` (obizwa nangokuthi `Posterolateral Artery`) unelinye igatsha elibizwa ngokuthi `(Circumflex Artery)` elivela emthanjeni omkhulu wenhliziyo kwesokudla.

Kuyini i-Coronary Arterial Dominance?

Lokhu kuyindaba ejulile kancane, kodwa ake sizame ukuyiqonda kalula. Umthambo oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngegazi engxenyeni ephakathi yemisipha (`Myocardium`) yenhliziyo yethu yi-`Posterior Descending Artery` (`PDA`). Ngakho-ke, ukubaluleka komthambo wakho wenhliziyo kunqunywa ukuthi yiliphi igatsha lomthambo oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngegazi kule `(PDA)` esenhliziyweni yakho.

Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okulawula ngakwesokudla: Yilokhu abantu abaningi (cishe abangu-85 kwabayi-100) abanakho. Lapha, i-PDA ithola igazi elivela emthanjeni wenhliziyo ongakwesokudla.
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhamba phambili kwesobunxele: Lokhu kwenzeka cishe kumuntu oyedwa kwabayi-10. Lapha, i-PDA inikezwa igazi elivela ku-Circumflex Artery noma ku-LAD Artery.
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okune-codominant: Lesi simo senzeka kubantu abangaba ngu-2 kwabayi-10. I-PDA ithola igazi elivela kokubili emthanjeni wenhliziyo ongakwesokudla kanye nomthambo we-circumflex wesobunxele noma umthambo we-LAD.

Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi eliyinhloko eliphakela indlu amanzi. Ezinye izindlu zithola amanzi kuphela epayipini elingakwesokudla, ezinye ngakwesobunxele, kanti ezinye ziphuma nhlangothi zombili.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye imithambo yohlobo lwe-'Circumflex' emzimbeni wethu?

Yebo, ngaphezu kwe-"Circumflex Artery" enhliziyweni, kunezinye izinhlobo zemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu ezibizwa ngaleli gama.

• Imithambo Yesibeletho Esijikelezayo: Lawa amagatsha amabili ajulile asuka emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko ethangeni lethu, i-Femoral Artery. I-Femoral Artery ithwala igazi lisuka esiswini liye emilenzeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass, odokotela bathatha i-Circumflex Artery ethangeni bayisebenzise njenge-graft.
• Imithambo ye-Humeral Circumflex:Lezi zihlukaniswe yi-`(Axillary Artery)` endaweni yethu yamakhwapha. Lo `(Axillary Artery)` yiwona othwala igazi lisuka esifubeni liye emahlombe nasezingalweni. Ikakhulukazi, ithambo lethu elingaphezulu lengalo (`Humerus`) lihlinzekwa kakhulu yilo `(Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery)`.

Yiziphi izifo ezithinta i-'Circumflex Artery'?

Njengeminye imithambo yenhliziyo, umthambo we-circumflex ungathinteka nayisimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo semithambo yenhliziyo (CAD). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) eqoqana ngaphakathi komthambo, awuvimbe. Kufana nokugqwala okuvala ipayipi lamanzi.

Lokhu kwakheka kwe-plaque kanye nokuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi kubizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis, okusho “ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi” noma “ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi.” Uma lesi simo se-CAD singelashwa kahle, sandisa ingozi yokuthola izimo eziyingozi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kanye nesifo sohlangothi .

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuvaleka kwe-'Circumflex Artery'?

Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kwehla ngenxa yokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi, ubuhlungu besifuba bungaba khona. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Angina". Lesi simo "se-Angina" singaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, ngakho-ke kufanele ushayele u-911 ngokushesha.

Njengoba ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-circumflex nakho kuyingxenye ye-CAD, izimpawu ziyafana. Ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• (I-Angina) – Lokhu kusho ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina.
• Ukujuluka okubandayo.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma uzizwa ukhathazekile.
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile kanye nobuthakathaka.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo).
• Isicanucanu .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula .
• Ubuhlungu ehlombe noma engalweni.
• Ubuhlungu entanyeni noma endaweni yomhlathi.

Odokotela bayihlola kanjani impilo ye-'Circumflex Artery'?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukene zokuhlola izithombe ukuhlola impilo yemithambo yakho yenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa nomthambo we-circumflex. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• I-Catheterization Yenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kanye nesifo semithambo yegazi yenhliziyo.
• I-Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CCTA): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezintathu-ntathu (3D) zokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni.
• I-Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT) noma i-Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS):Lezi zindlela zingathola izithombe ezicacile ze-plaque ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR): Lokhu kulinganisa izinguquko zomfutho wegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi futhi kunquma ukuthi ukuvaleka kukhulu ngokwanele yini ukuthi kuthinte ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Ziphathwa kanjani izimo ezithinta i-'Circumflex Artery'?

Ukuze uvule umthambo we-circumflex ovalekile, udokotela wakho angenza i-catheterization yenhliziyo futhi enze izinqubo zokungenelela ezifana ne-angioplasty kanye nokufakwa kwe-stent. I-Angioplasty inqubo esebenzisa idivayisi efana nebhaluni ukwandisa umthambo ovalekile. I-stent iyipayipi elincane le-wire mesh elifakwa emthambo ukuze lisize ekuwuvimbeleni ukuthi ungaphinde unciphe.

Sivikela kanjani uhlelo lwethu lwemithambo yegazi, okuhlanganisa nale 'Circumflex Artery'?

Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze ugcine imithambo yakho kanye nohlelo lonke lokujikeleza kwegazi kuphilile:

• Zivocavoce kakhulu izinsuku eziningi zesonto futhi ugcine isisindo sakho siphilile.
• Lawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala. Thola usizo uma unezinkinga ngokusebenzisa utshwala .
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo . Lokhu kungasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-cholesterol .
• Qaphela izinhlobo zamafutha owadlayo bese uzama ukunciphisa amafutha angenampilo.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela , silawule kahle.
• Thatha izinyathelo zokulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme, okuhlanganisa nokunciphisa inani le-sodium (usawoti) elifakwa ekudleni kwakho.
• Uma ubhema, cela usizo lokuyeka .

Khumbula, njengegatsha lomthambo omkhulu wenhliziyo kwesobunxele, i-`(Circumflex Artery)` yakho ingaba sengozini ye-`(Atherosclerosis)` kanye ne-`(Coronary Artery Disease)`. Uma i-`(Plaque)` inqwabelana ku-`(Circumflex Artery)`, ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kungaphazamiseka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-`(Bifurcation Blockage)`. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-`(Angioplasty)` kanye ne-`(Stent)` kungadingeka ukuvula umthambo nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi.

Ekugcineni, yini okufanele uyikhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kahle manje i-`(Circumflex Artery)`. Lona umthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu empilweni yenhliziyo yethu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela izinguquko zendlela yokuphila esixoxe ngazo ngaphambilini ukuze sigcine le mithambo iphilile. Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ungakushayi indiva futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi. Inhliziyo enempilo isho impilo enempilo!