Ingabe unezinkinga ngesisu noma ngamathumbu akho? Ake sixoxe ngodokotela wezifo zamathumbu!

Ngezinye izikhathi sithola izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkinga zesisu. Ubuhlungu besisu, sizizwa sivuvukele, sizizwa sengathi asikwazi ukugaya ukudla... Kuyacasula ngempela uma izinto ezinjengalezi ziqhubeka zenzeka, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke, ubuwazi ukuthi kukhona udokotela ochwepheshe bezifo ezihlobene nohlelo lokugaya ukudla? Lowo dokotela ubizwa ngokuthi i-gastroenterologist . Ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.

Ubani udokotela wezifo zamathumbu?

Kalula nje, i-gastroenterologist ingudokotela ogxile ezifweni zesimiso sakho sokugaya ukudla – okungukuthi, zonke izitho ezihilelekile ekugayweni kokudla. Baqala ngokuqeqeshwa njengodokotela abajwayelekile. Ngemva kweminyaka engaba mithathu yesikole sezokwelapha, bathola ulwazi lokwelapha zonke izinhlobo zezifo. Bese, ukuze babe yi-gastroenterologist, kufanele bafundele ngqo eminye iminyaka emithathu. Ekugcineni, bathola isitifiketi esikhethekile. Yilokhu okusho ukuthi bangochwepheshe ezifweni zesimiso sokugaya ukudla. Futhi, baneziqu ezikhethekile zokwenza izivivinyo ezithile kanye nokwelashwa okwenziwa odokotela abajwayelekile, kanye nokuqonda imiphumela yalezo zivivinyo kanye nokwelashwa.

Ingabe ukhona uchwepheshe ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla lwezingane ezincane? (Udokotela Wezifo Zesisu Wezingane)

Yebo, zikhona ngempela. Sizibiza ngokuthi `(Pediatric Gastroenterologist)`. Laba odokotela baqeqeshwa kuqala njengo `(Pediatric Doctor)`. Bese bethola iminyaka emithathu yokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Bagxila kakhulu ezifweni zohlelo lokugaya ukudla kanye nesibindi sezinsana, izingane ezincane, nezingane ezincane . Bakhathalela kakhulu ukondleka kwezingane. Laba bantu baqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zezingane nokuhlola ingaphakathi lemizimba yabo emincane.

Yiziphi izingxenye zomzimba udokotela wezifo zesisu agxila kuzo?

Uma uzwa leli gama – (Gastroenterologist) – 'Gastro' lisho isisu , 'entero' lisho amathumbu . 'isazi' lisho uchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, ikakhulukazi isisu namathumbu. Kodwa, uhlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla lukhulu kakhulu kunalokho.

Cabanga ngakho, lolu hlelo luqala emlonyeni uma sidla.

Okulandelayo , umphimbo, umphimbo, isisu , amathumbu amancane , kanye namathumbu amakhulu kungokwayo.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa nezitho ezikhiqiza i-bile kanye nama-enzyme okugaya ukudla asiza ekugayeni ukudla nazo ziyabandakanyeka.

• Isibindi
• Inyongo (indawo lapho kuqoqwa khona futhi kugcinwe khona inyongo evela esibindini)
• I-Pancreas
• Amapayipi enyongo (amapayipi athwala inyongo)

Ngakho-ke udokotela wezifo zamathunjini ubheka izifo ezenzeka kuzo zonke lezi zitho zomzimba .

Kungani sidinga ukubona udokotela wezifo zamathumbu?

Umbuzo omuhle. Mhlawumbe unezimpawu zokugaya ukudla (isib. ubuhlungu besisu, uhudo, ukuqunjelwa), kodwa udokotela wakho womndeni ojwayelekile angase angakwazi ukukuxilonga, noma imithi ayinikezayo ingase ingasebenzi. Uma kunjalo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubona uchwepheshe.

Noma, uma usuvele wazi ukuthi unesifo sokugaya ukudla esibi kakhulu (njenge-IBD), kungcono ukubona uchwepheshe ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwaso.

Ngenxa yokuthi odokotela abangochwepheshe bahlala becwaninga, becwaninga, futhi behlola lezi zinhlobo zezifo, bayakwazi kangcono ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokunembile nangokushesha, futhi baselaphe ngezinkinga ezimbalwa .

Yiziphi izifo eziyinhloko ezelashwa yi-gastroenterologist?

Kunezifo eziningi. Ake sibheke ezinye zezifo eziyinhloko.

Izifo zesisu:

• I-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), isifo esibangela uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa njalo
• Isifo Sokuvuvukala Kwamathumbu (IBD) (lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo sikaCrohn kanye ne-Ulcerative Colitis)
• Isifo se-Celiac , ukungezwani komzimba neprotheni i-gluten etholakala kufulawa kakolweni
• Ukukhula Okukhulu Kwamagciwane Amathumbu Amancane (SIBO)
• Ukungezwani nokudla kanye nokungabekezelelani nokudla okuhlukahlukene
• Izilonda zesisu
• I-Diverticulitis ( izikhwama ezincane ezakheka emathunjini amakhulu bese zitheleleka )
• I-Appendicitis (lokhu kuvame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa)
• Ukukhula okuncane kumathumbu amakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi ``ama-Colorectal polyps`` (kubalulekile ukususa lokhu ngoba kungaphenduka umdlavuza)
• Ama-Hemorrhoids

Izinkinga ze-Esophageal:

• Ubunzima bokugwinya
• Isifo Sokuqaqamba Kwesisu Esibangelwa Yi-Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) yisimo esibangelwa yi-asidi yesisu ekhuphukela emhubheni (siphinde sibize lokhu ngokuthi yi-acid reflux).
• I-Esophagitis
• Ama-hernias e-hiatal ( ingxenye yesisu ephuma esifubeni )

Izifo zesibindi:

• I-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane (isb. i-hepatitis B, C)
• I-hepatitis enobuthi ( umonakalo wesibindi obangelwa ubuthi )
• Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
• I-Cirrhosis ( ukuqina kwesibindi )

Izifo ze-pancreatic, biliary kanye ne-gallbladder:

• Amatshe enyongo
• I-Cholecystitis
• I-Pancreatitis

Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzitshele udokotela wezifo zamathumbu?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela uchwepheshe:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Isisu esivuvukele
• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, ukungagayi kahle ukudla
• Ubuhlungu begesi negesi
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukopha kwamathumbu (kungaba bomvu noma kumnyama)
• Uhudo (ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo)
• Ukuqunjelwa noma ubunzima bokuphuma kokungcola
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki noma ukukhuluphala
• Isilungulela (njengaseGERD)
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-Jaundice)

Yini eyenziwa yi-Gastroenterologist?

Okokuqala, udokotela uzokuxilonga ngokomzimba . Bazokuthinta isisu sakho, balalele ngepayipi, futhi bangase bafake umunwe e-rectum yakho (ukuhlolwa kwe-rectal yedijithali).

Bese, bangase ba-ode ukuhlolwa kwegazi , ukuhlolwa kwendle , noma ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zangaphandle njenge- X-ray ukuze bathole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zivivinyo zodwa zingakwazi ukuhlonza lesi sifo ngokunembile, odokotela bezifo zamathumbu baqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukwenza izinqubo ze-endoscopic .

Kuyini i-endoscopy?

Kalula nje, lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ishubhu elide, elincane, eliguquguqukayo (elibizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope) elinekhamera enamathiselwe emzimbeni bese ubheka ngqo izitho zangaphakathi. Lokhu kunganikeza ulwazi oluningi.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy:

• I-endoscopy Ephezulu (EGD): Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola umphimbo, isisu, kanye nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane (i-duodenum) ngepayipi elifakwe ngomlomo.
• I-endoscopy yamathumbu amancane (`i-Enteroscopy`): Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukubheka wonke amathumbu amancane.
• I-Colonoscopy: Abantu abaningi bake bezwa ngalokhu. Kufakwa ipayipi nge-anus bese kuhlolwa wonke amathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni).
• I-ultrasound ye-Endoscopic: Ingxenye encane yomshini we-ultrasound inamathele ekugcineni kwe-endoscope bese kuhlolwa izicubu ezijulile zezitho zangaphakathi (ikakhulukazi i-gallbladder kanye ne-pancreas).
• I-ERCP (i-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Lokhu kuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kwenziwa njenge-endoscopy ephezulu, bese kufakwa into ekhethekile emigudwini ye-bile kanye nemigudwini ye-pancreatic bese kuthathwa i-X-ray.
• I-Polypectomy: Ukususwa kwamaqhubu amancane (ama-polyp) esiswini noma emathunjini ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Endoscopy akusizi nje kuphela ukubona ukuthi siyini lesi sifo, kodwa futhi kunezinye izinzuzo. Udokotela angadlulisa amathuluzi amancane nge-endoscope bese ethatha amasampula ezicubu (ama-biopsies) bese ewathumela elabhorethri. Bangenza nokwelashwa okuncane . Isibonelo, bangandisa indawo evinjiwe, bamise ukopha, noma basuse izimila ezincane ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni eziningi, zingenziwa ngokushesha.

Ingabe odokotela bezifo zesisu nabo bayayelapha umdlavuza?

Yebo, esikhathini esiningi, udokotela wezifo zamathumbu nguyena owokuqala ukuthola umdlavuza ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla (njengesisu, amathumbu, umphimbo, isibindi, amanyikwe, inyongo). Bangasebenzisa i-endoscopy kanye ne-biopsy ukuthola izimila zomdlavuza futhi bathathe amasampula ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Uma umdlavuza uqinisekiswa, kungase kwenziwe ezinye izivivinyo ze-endoscopic ukuze kubonwe ukuthi ususakazeke kangakanani (okuthiwa `i-staging`).

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bezifo zesisu bangasusa izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza nge-endoscope (ukuhlukanisa) noma bazibhubhise nge-laser.

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezihlotshaniswa nazo kakhulu yilezi:

• Umdlavuza wesisu
• Umdlavuza we-Colorectal
• Umdlavuza we-Esophageal
• Umdlavuza wesibindi
• Umdlavuza we-pancreatic
• Umdlavuza wenyongo
• Umdlavuza we-bile duct

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa umuntu onolunye uhlobo lomdlavuza angadinga usizo lukadokotela wezifo zamathumbu ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele yini ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, noma ukulawula imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza (isib. `(Chemotherapy)`, `(Radiation therapy)`) ethinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla (isib., izilonda zomlomo/zamathumbu `(Mucositis)`, `(Radiation enteritis)`, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, uhudo, ukuqunjelwa, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo).

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Gastroenterologist kanye ne-Proctologist?

Umbuzo omuhle. Igama elithi ``proctologist'' alivamile ukusetshenziswa kulezi zinsuku. Kunalokho, igama elithi `` udokotela ohlinzayo we-colorectal'' livame ukuzwakala.

Kalula nje, "udokotela we-Proctologist" noma "udokotela ohlinzayo we-Colorectal" bangodokotela abahlinzayo . Baqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwezifo ze-colon, i-rectum, kanye ne-anus. Bachitha iminyaka engaba mihlanu behlinza ngokujwayelekile ngemva kwesikole sezokwelapha, bese bethola ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile endaweni ye-colorectal.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela wezifo zamathumbu unguchwepheshe wezokwelapha, hhayi udokotela ohlinzayo . Umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko ukuhlonza izifo, ukuzelapha ngemithi, nokwenza izivivinyo ezifana ne-endoscopy.

Udokotela wezifo zamathumbu angakutshela ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa noma cha. Kodwa akakwenzi ukuhlinzwa. Ukudlulisela kudokotela ohlinzayo we-colorectal. Lona umehluko omkhulu.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uhlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla luyisimiso sezitho zomzimba esiyinkimbinkimbi nesixhumene. Luyinqubo eqhubekayo yokuphula ukudla esikudlayo, ukumunca izakhamzimba esizidingayo, nokukhipha imfucuza. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngalolu hlelo, imizimba yethu izokuzwa lokho.

Izinkinga zesisu nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla zivame kakhulu. Kodwa akulula ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu. Yilapho-ke udinga khona usizo lochwepheshe. Udokotela wezifo zamathumbu angaqonda ukuthi zonke lezi zitho zisebenza kanjani ndawonye, ​​athole ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile ngohlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla, futhi akunike ukwelashwa okudingayo.

Ngakho-ke, uma unezinhlungu zesisu ezingapheli noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, ungesabi ukubona udokotela wezifo zamathumbu. Kungakunikeza impumuzo enkulu.

` Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, udokotela wezifo zesisu, izifo zesisu, i-endoscopy, i-colonoscopy, isibindi, isisu