Injani "i-cholesterol yakho enhle"? Konke mayelana ne-cholesterol ye-HDL!

Uma uhlola i-cholesterol yakho, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa 'nge -cholesterol enhle ' kanye 'ne-cholesterol embi'. Leyo 'cholesterol enhle' yilokho okuyi-HDL. Ngakho-ke, njengoba abantu abaningi bekuthola lokhu kudida kancane, kufanele sikhulume nge-cholesterol ye-HDL kalula, ngolimi lwethu?

Kuyini i-HDL?

Kalula nje, i-HDL imele 'i-High-Density Lipoprotein' . Lezi yizinhlayiya ezincane ezihambahamba egazini lethu. Zicabange 'njengenkonzo yokuthutha' emizimbeni yethu.

Lawa ma-lipoprotein akhiwe ngamafutha – amafutha – namaprotheni. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuthutha amafutha emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi i-cholesterol, aye lapho edingeka khona, emangqamuzaneni. Lawa mafutha awakwazi ukuhamba egazini ngokwawo, ngoba uhlobo lwawo lwamakhemikhali aluwavumeli. Yingakho edinga usizo lwalezi “zimoto” ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-lipoprotein.

Ingabe i-cholesterol ye-HDL iyinto efanayo?

Yebo, i-HDL kanye ne-HDL cholesterol empeleni zisho into efanayo. Abantu bavame ukusebenzisa womabili la magama ukukhuluma ngalezi zinhlayiya nokuthi zithinta kanjani impilo yenhliziyo yethu.

Nakuba lezi zinhlayiya ze-HDL ziqukethe amafutha kanye namaprotheni, abantu bazibona ngohlobo lwamafutha ezinawo, okuyi-cholesterol. Yingakho zibizwa nangokuthi i-cholesterol ye-HDL.

Kungani i-HDL ibizwa ngokuthi “i-cholesterol enhle”?

Kunesizathu sokuthi kungani i-HDL ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-cholesterol enhle'. Okusho ukuthi, i-HDL isiza ukususa i-cholesterol eningi emizimbeni yethu . Le nqubo inganciphisa ingozi yethu yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo, njengesifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.

Ngokuvamile, i-cholesterol ingena egazini isuka esibindini sethu. Ukusuka lapho, ama-lipoprotein ashiwo ngenhla athwala i-cholesterol iye emangqamuzaneni ahlukahlukene emzimbeni. Ngoba i-cholesterol iyadingeka emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile, njengokwakha ulwelwesi lwamaseli nokukhiqiza ama-hormone.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi igazi lethu liqoqa i-cholesterol eningi kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, okungaphezu kwalokho umzimba okudingayo. Yilapho inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi 'ukuthutha i-cholesterol ebuyela emuva' isisiza khona.

Lokhu 'kuthuthwa kwe-cholesterol ebuyela emuva' kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Ososayensi basazama ukuthola ukuthi i-HDL ifaka isandla nini kulokhu nokuthi kanjani. Ngokwazi kwethu, izinhlayiya ze-HDL zingathwala i-cholesterol eningi egazini ziyibuyisele esibindini. Isibindi sibe sesiyiphula le cholesterol bese siyisusa emzimbeni ngendle yethu.

Lokhu kuyinto enhle kakhulu, ngoba lapho amazinga e-cholesterol egazini enyuka, kwakheka ama-fat deposits ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yethu, okungayivimba. Yingakho siI-atherosclerosis yilokho okuyikho.

Ngakho-ke, i-HDL ibizwa ngokuthi i-cholesterol 'enhle' noma 'ewusizo' ngoba isusa i-cholesterol eningi. Akukhona lokho kuphela, i-cholesterol ye-HDL isebenza futhi ngokumelene nokuvuvukala kanye nama-oxidants emizimbeni yethu, okusiza ukugcina amangqamuzana ethu eqinile. I-HDL idlala indima ekuvimbeleni ukuqhekeka kwegazi.

Ngingazi kanjani izinga lami le-HDL?

Lokhu kulula ukukuthola. Udokotela wakho angayala ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-lipid panel' . Umbiko uzokunikeza ulwazi oluthile mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cholesterol yakho, okuhlanganisa nezinga lakho le-HDL.

Ingakanani i-HDL enhle?

Isimo esifanelekile ukuthi izinga lakho le-HDL libe ngamamiligremu angu-60 nge-deciliter (mg/dL) noma ngaphezulu . Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-HDL njengalawa kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo , okusho isifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.

Izinga elijwayelekile lamazinga e-cholesterol e-HDL kubantu abadala liyahlukahluka kancane ngobulili:

• Kwabesilisa: 40 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu.
• Kwabesifazane: 50 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu.

Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela yombiko wakho wephaneli yamafutha bese uqonda kahle ukuthi ikuthinta kanjani.

Akukuhle yini ukuba ne-HDL ephansi?

Yebo, akukuhle ngempela ukuba namazinga e-HDL angekho ezingeni elijwayelekile, okungukuthi, aphansi. Sithi abantu abanamazinga aphansi e-HDL 'bane-HDL ephansi'. Lokho kubi empilweni.

Ingabe ukwandisa i-HDL nakho kuyinkinga?

Nasi elinye iphuzu elibalulekile. Akukuhle ukuthi amazinga e-HDL abe phezulu kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, uma enyuka kakhulu kuno-80 mg/dL, kungasheshisa ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi ebizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo zingabangela amazinga e-HDL abe phansi noma aphezulu ngendlela engavamile.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-HDL ephansi?

Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza amazinga akho e-cholesterol e-HDL abe phansi. Ake sibheke ukuthi ayini:

• Isifo seTangier: Lesi yisimo sofuzo esibangela amazinga akho e-cholesterol e-HDL ehle kakhulu.
• I-Familial combined hyperlipidemia: Lokhu futhi kuyisimo sofuzo. Kulokhu, amazinga e-HDL ayancishiswa kanti amazinga e-LDL, aziwa nangokuthi i-cholesterol embi, ayakhuphuka.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-ApoA1: Abantu abanalesi simo sofuzo abakhiqizi iphrotheni eyanele ebizwa ngokuthi i-apolipoprotein A1, eyingxenye eyinhloko ye-HDL.
• I-Metabolic syndrome:Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezici eziningana ezibangela isifo senhliziyo, okuhlanganisa namazinga aphansi e-HDL kunavamile.
• Inkomba yesisindo somzimba (i-BMI) engaphezu kuka-25 (ukukhuluphala ngokweqile/ukukhuluphala ngokweqile): Uma isisindo somzimba sikhuphuka, kungaholela emazingeni e-HDL aphansi.
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa ugwayi: I-Nicotine, ikhemikhali etholakala kugwayi, yehlisa amazinga e-HDL. Lo mphumela omubi awubonakali kuphela kuma-cigarette nama-bidis, kodwa nakuyo yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi, okuhlanganisa nama-e-cigarettes.
• Ukumelana ne-insulin: Lapho amafutha omzimba enyuka, kuba nzima nge-insulin yomzimba wethu ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kunganciphisa namazinga e-HDL.
• Eminye imithi oyithathayo: Eminye imithi, isibonelo, ama-beta-blockers, ama-hormone athile, noma imithi ethile yokukhipha isisu (imithi ekhulisa ukuchama) inganciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol ye-HDL.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokwanda kwe-HDL?

Izinga le-HDL eliphakeme ngendlela engavamile lichazwa njengezinga elingaphezu kuka-80 mg/dL. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-HDL ephakanyisiwe'.

Esinye isizathu esenza amazinga akho e-cholesterol ye-HDL abe phezulu ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo . Izinguquko kwezinye izakhi zofuzo zingabangela umzimba wakho ukuthi ukhiqize i-cholesterol ye-HDL eningi kakhulu noma ube nezinkinga zokuyisusa emzimbeni wakho. Isibonelo, ushintsho ku-gene ye-CETP lungabangela amazinga e-HDL abe ngaphezu kuka-150 mg/dL.

Kunezinye izizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani i-HDL ingaba phezulu ngendlela engavamile:

• I-Hyperthyroidism: Lokhu kusho ukwanda komsebenzi wendlala yegilo.
• I-cholangitis eyinhloko ye-biliary: Lesi yisifo esithinta imigudu ye-bile yesibindi.
• Inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala: Ukuphuza ngokweqile.
• Eminye imithi.

Uma izinga lakho le-HDL liphezulu ngendlela engavamile, udokotela wakho uzophenya imbangela bese enquma ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa yini.

Ungawandisa kanjani amazinga e-HDL?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko esifanelana nempilo yakho kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, kunezinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila ezingasiza ekwandiseni amazinga akho e-HDL. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukudla kwaseMedithera kuhle empilweni yenhliziyo iyonke futhi kusiza ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol. Kuhlanganisa izithelo eziningi, imifino, ubhontshisi (njengobhontshisi kanye ne-lentile), kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele. Kuqukethe nama-omega-3 fatty acids.Ukudla okusiza ukwandisa i-cholesterol ye-HDL kufaka phakathi izinhlanzi ezinamafutha njenge-salmon ne-mackerel, imbewu ye-flax, nama-walnuts.
• Gwema noma unciphise ukudla okungenampilo: Gwema ama-donut athosiwe noma izinto ezibhakiwe eziqukethe amafutha e-trans (abizwa nangokuthi amafutha angenawo i-hydrogenated kancane). Futhi, nciphisa ukudla okuqukethe amafutha agcwele . Isibonelo, isoseji, ushizi, ubhekeni, nebhotela.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca nge-aerobic kungasiza ekukhuphuleni i-cholesterol ye-HDL. Hlosa ukuzivocavoca okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu ngesonto. Uma ungakaze uzivivinye kakhulu ngaphambili, kulungile. Qala ngemizuzu emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ngosuku bese ukhulisa kancane kancane. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo olusha lokuzivocavoca.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele: Ukwehlisa isisindo, ikakhulukazi amafutha esiswini, kusiza ekuthuthukiseni amazinga e-HDL.
• Gwema konke ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi: Ukubhema, ukuvapha, nokusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi kwehlisa i-HDL. Ngakho-ke, uma ungawusebenzisi ugwayi njengamanje, ungawuqali. Uma uwusebenzisa, kubalulekile ukuzama ukuyeka. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokukusiza ukuthi uyeke. Ukubhema ugwayi okwenziwa ngomunye umuntu nakho kuyingozi. Uma uhlala nomuntu obhemayo, msekele ekuyekeni – kuhle kuye futhi kuhle kuwe.
• Ukuthatha imithi: Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana ne -'PCSK9 inhibitors' noma 'ezetimibe' ukusiza ukwandisa amazinga e-HDL.

Lokho esifuna ukukuthatha ekhaya kule ndaba

Ukuqonda umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto edidayo, akunjalo? Kunamagama amaningi okufanele uwafunde, futhi kungaba nzima ukukhumbula ukuthi iyini i-cholesterol 'enhle' nokuthi iyini i-cholesterol 'embi'.

Uma ukhuluma nge-HDL, khumbula ukuthi u-'H' umele ukuthi 'Usizo'. I-cholesterol ye-HDL inhle ngoba isiza ukususa i-cholesterol eningi egazini lakho.

Yingakho ukugcina amazinga e-HDL anempilo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo. Uma amazinga akho e-HDL engekho emazingeni afanele, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuwathuthukisa. Ungakhathazeki, isikhathi esiningi, ungalawula lesi simo ngokwenza izinguquko ezincane endleleni yokuphila futhi, uma kudingeka, uphuze imithi ethile oyinikezwe udokotela wakho. Ngikufisela inhlanhla!

'I-cholesterol, i-HDL, i-cholesterol enhle, isifo senhliziyo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukudla okunempilo