Izimfihlo ezingaphakathi kwamehlo! Yini oyibonayo ngempela nge-(Retinal Imaging)?

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho? Ngezinye izikhathi uma uyohlolwa amehlo, udokotela uzothi, "Kudingeka sithathe isithombe sengaphakathi leso lakho." Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Retinal Imaging." Kalula nje, ithatha izithombe zedijithali zengaphakathi leso lakho, ikakhulukazi i-retina engemuva kweso lakho. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke kuyini lokhu `(Ukuthwebula Izithombe Ze-Retinal)`?

Kulungile, ake sixoxe kabanzi. Udokotela wakho wamehlo angasebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe obubizwa ngokuthi ' `I-Retinal Imaging`` ukuthatha izithombe zedijithali, noma izithombe, zezingxenye ezibucayi ngaphakathi kweso lakho, ngemuva kweso lakho. Le ngxenye yilapho i-retina (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-macula) kanye ne-optic nerve yakho kungena khona, okubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngokuvamile, senza lokhu kuhlolwa lapho senza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele, noma ukubona ukuthi unezimo ezithile zamehlo nokuthi zilawulwa kanjani. Cabanga nje, kulezi zithombe, singabona ukuthi unezimo ezithile zamehlo, futhi uma zingelashwa, ungase ulahlekelwe umbono wakho . Futhi, uma uthatha noma yikuphi ukwelashwa, kungabona ukuthi kuphumelele kangakanani. Ngokuthatha lezi zithombe njalo iminyaka, udokotela angabona ngokushesha ngisho nezinguquko ezincane ngaphakathi kweso. Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlolwa "kwe-Retinal Imaging" oludingayo nokuthi kufanele lwenziwe kangaki.

Yini engatholakala kulolu vivinyo?

Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola olungathola izinto eziningi. Bheka lolu hlu:

• Ukuvuvukala kwe-macular okuhlobene nesifo sikashukela .
• Ukulimala kwe-retina okubangelwa isifo sikashukela kubizwa ngokuthi i-diabetic retinopathy .
• Umdlavuza wamehlo .
• Isimo se-glaucoma .
• Ukuwohloka kwe-macular (umonakalo ohlobene nobudala ku-macula).
• Imbobo ku-macula `(imbobo ye-macular)` .
• Ukudonsa noma ukushwabana kwe-macula `(Macular pucker)` .
• Ukuvuvukala kwe-'posterior uvea', izicubu ezingaphakathi kweso, kubizwa ngokuthi i-'posterior uveitis' .
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal .
• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-retinal .

Cabanga nje, uma lezi zithombe zibonisa into efana nale, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukwelashwa okufanele. Ngezinye izikhathi kuzodingeka uthathe izithombe njalo ngezikhathi ezithile (i-serial imaging) . Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi wenza kanjani nokuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele kangakanani.

Lolu vivinyo lwe-retina lwenziwa kanjani?

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuthatha izithombe zedijithali ngemuva kweso, i-`fundus` (njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-`fundus` ingemuva kweso). Odokotela bamehlo basebenzisa lezi zindlela.

1. Uzibona kanjani izithombe ze-fundus ezinemibala?

Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha izithombe zangaphakathi kweso lakho usebenzisa amadivayisi abizwa ngokuthi amakhamera e-fundus. Odokotela bebelokhu besebenzisa le ndlela amashumi eminyaka. Uma ikhamera ithatha izithombe, ubona ukukhanya okukhulu . Ngobuchwepheshe obusha, ungathola izithombe zedijithali ezicacile kakhulu, ezinesinqumo esiphezulu. Amanye amakhamera angathatha indawo enkulu ye-fundus yakho, noma ukubuka okubanzi . Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi babone indawo enkulu ye-retina yakho ngesikhathi esisodwa. Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zale ndlela ukuthi ingabona kahle imithambo yegazi yakho. Lokhu kungaba usizo kakhulu ekutholeni izinto ezifana ne-retinopathy ehlobene nesifo sikashukela, engalimaza i-retina.

2. Kuyini i-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)?

Lokhu futhi kuyindlela evamile kakhulu yokuhlola. Kuthatha ukubuka okubanzi kwezingqimba ze-retina yakho, ikakhulukazi i-macula kanye ne-optic nerve. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ungqimba ngalunye lwe-retina ngokwehlukana bese ulinganisa ubukhulu balo. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuxilongweni kwezimo ezifana ne-macular edema ehlobene nesifo sikashukela kanye ne-macular degeneration.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela oyisebenzisayo kulokhu kuhlolwa, okumele ukwenze nje ukuhlala esihlalweni ngokukhululeka bese ubeka ubuso bakho eduze kwekhamera. Udokotela noma omunye umuntu uzokukhombisa ukuthi ubeke kuphi ibunzi lakho nesilevu sakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi akukho lutho olungena esweni lakho phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangase basebenzise enye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela ezingenhla ngesikhathi esisodwa. Noma, bangase benze olunye ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-'fluorescein angiography' kanye nale ndlela. Kulokhu, inani elincane ledayi lifakwa emthanjeni ongalweni yakho. Ledayi ihamba negazi lakho liye emithanjeni yegazi engaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Lokhu kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjelwa noma ezinye izinkinga kuleyo mithambo yegazi. Lena futhi inqubo encane engalimazi amehlo akho.

Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?

Okokuqala, udokotela uzokuchazela ngalolu vivinyo nokuthi kungani lwenziwa kuwe. Angase futhi acele imvume yakho bese ethola isiginesha yakho.

Odokotela bavame ukufaka amaconsi emehlweni akho ukuze bavule amehlo akho.. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ikhamera ithatha izithombe ngaphakathi kweso, njengefasitela elibizwa ngokuthi i-black iris, futhi uma selikhulisiwe, ungathatha izithombe ezicacile. Uma uthatha lo muthi, kufanele nakanjani ube nomuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya. Ngenxa yokuthi amehlo akho azoba lufifi kancane futhi azwele ngaphandle, ngeke ukwazi ukushayela amahora ambalwa.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Eqinisweni, kokubili ukuhlolwa kwe-`(retinal imaging)`, okungukuthi i-`fundus photography` kanye ne-`OCT`, kuyashesha futhi akubuhlungu . Nakhu okwenzekayo:

• Uzohlala esihlalweni phambi komshini wokuthatha izithombe. Udokotela noma umsizi uzokusiza ukuthi ukhululeke.
• Udinga ukubeka isilevu sakho endaweni eyenzelwe sona, bese ubumba ubuso bakho ngendlela yokuthi ibunzi lakho licindezelwe kancane ebhareni elincane.
• Udokotela ulungisa ikhamera kahle bese eqala ukuthatha izithombe. Uthatha izithombe zeso elilodwa ngesikhathi.
• Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ubheke isibani esiluhlaza . Isibani sikhanya kancane, ngakho-ke ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile, kodwa okwesikhashana nje.
• Uma usuqedile ukuthatha izithombe, uzocelwa ukuthi usuke ekhamera.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(Retinal imaging)` kuthatha imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10 . Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela enza nokuhlolwa kwe-`fluorescein angiography`, kungathatha imizuzu engama-30.

Uzizwa kanjani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Uma udokotela ekujove ngomuthi emehlweni futhi wakhulisa iso lakho elimnyama, amehlo akho azoba lufifi futhi abe nomuzwa amahora ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, phumula amehlo akho. Ungashayeli, ungafundi, noma ubheke ifoni noma ikhompyutha yakho. Kuhle ukuthi amehlo akho agqoke izibuko zelanga uma uphuma.

Ingabe kukhona ingozi kulokhu?

Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-retinal, okuyi-fundus photography kanye ne-OCT , kuphephile kakhulu futhi akunazo izingozi ezaziwayo . Udokotela kuphela akwenzayo ukuthatha izithombe zedijithali zangaphakathi kweso lakho esebenzisa ikhamera.

Kodwa-ke, i-fluorescein angiography nayo iyisivivinyo esinobungozi obuphansi, kodwa ingabangela eminye imiphumela emibi. Isibonelo, isikhumba sakho singase sibe phuzi kancane, noma umchamo wakho ungaba phuzi omnyama noma ube phuzi . Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzophela zingakapheli amahora angama-24.

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ( isib. ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa) kudayi we-fluorescein. Ingozi ye- anaphylaxis (ukusabela okukhulu kakhulu kokungezwani komzimba) iphansi kakhulu. Abantu abazwela i-fluorescein bangase babe nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Isiyezi
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo
• Ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni wabo (lokhu kuhlala isikhathi esifushane kuphela)
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ukuthimula

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uzizwa into engavamile.

Ngizothola luphi uhlobo lwemiphumela?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kukhiqiza izithombe ze-retina zedijithali. Udokotela uzohlola izithombe ngokucophelela. Angase akubonise izithombe futhi achaze ukuthi zisho ukuthini. Lezi zithombe zizogcinwa njengengxenye yerekhodi lakho lezokwelapha. Udokotela angazibuka kamuva bese eziqhathanisa nezithombe ezintsha ukuze abone ukuthi amehlo akho ashintshe kanjani.

Kufanele ngixhumane nini nodokotela?

Uma unemibuzo ngaphambi kokuba uze kulolu vivinyo, noma uma ungathanda ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho . Uzokujabulela ukuphendula imibuzo yakho futhi akusize uzizwe ukhululekile ngayo yonke inqubo.

Izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule kulokhu (Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Ekhaya)

Kalula nje, i-`(Retinal Imaging)` iyisivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu esingabheka izingxenye ezibucayi ngaphakathi nangemuva kweso lakho. Lokhu kubalulekile ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi nasekulawulweni kwezifo eziningana ezingaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono uma zingelashwa. Akukho okufanele ukwesabe ngoba akukho lutho olufakwa esweni, futhi lonke isivivinyo sishesha futhi asibuhlungu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngokuthi lesi sivivinyo se-`(Retinal Imaging)` sibaluleke kangakanani esimweni sakho. Khona-ke uzobe usuqonda kangcono lokhu.

I- Retina, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, ukuhlolwa kwe-OCT, izifo zamehlo, umbono, udokotela wamehlo, ikhamera ye-fundus