Ake sifunde ngekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa kwakho.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa unenjabulo enkulu, unelukuluku, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho novalo lapho uzwa izindaba zokuthi uzoba umama. Ukukhulelwa luhambo oluhle kakhulu. Isinyathelo sokuqala kulolu hambo yizinyanga ezintathu zokuqala, noma njengoba sikubiza kanjalo, "i-First Trimester". Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla.

Iyini iminyaka yokukhulelwa? Ihlukaniswa kanjani?

Kalula nje, ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezingu-9, noma amasonto angu-40. Lesi sikhathi sonke sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko, noma "Ama-Trimester." I-"Trimester" ingamasonto angu-13, noma cishe izinyanga ezintathu. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngokukhula komntwana wakho ngamasonto.

I-trimester yakho yokuqala iqala kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lwesikhathi sakho sokugcina sokuya esikhathini futhi iphela cishe ngesonto le-13 lokukhulelwa.

Cabanga ngakho, lokhu kungase kuzwakale kungavamile, akunjalo? Ukukhulelwa kwakho empeleni kuqala kusukela osukwini lokuqala lwesikhathi sakho sokugcina. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi "ubudala bokukhulelwa". Udokotela wakho ubala usuku lwakho lokuzalwa ngokungeza amasonto angu-40 osukwini lokuqala lwesikhathi sakho sokugcina. Lokho kusho ukuthi ngesikhathi uthola ukuthi "ukhulelwe," cishe usuvele ukhulelwe cishe amasonto amane! Lokhu kungaba yinto edidayo ekuqaleni, kodwa yindlela okusebenza ngayo.

Ake siqonde ukubalwa kwamasonto okukhulelwa

Amaviki amabili okuqala okukhulelwa empeleni ayingxenye yomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini ojwayelekile.

• Isonto lokuqala: Lesi yisikhathi lapho uqala ukuya esikhathini.
• Isonto lesi-2: Yilapho ukuvuthwa kwenzeka khona. Ngemva kokuvuthwa, iqanda lakho lihamba ngepayipi le-Fallopian liye esibelethweni. Uma lihlangana nesidoda phakathi nalolu hambo, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka lapho.

Ngesonto lesithathu, leli qanda elivundisiwe liya esibelethweni. Lapho lisiya esibelethweni, lihlukana libe yinqwaba yamaseli. Uma selifikile esibelethweni, lizitshala odongeni lwesibeletho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "Ukufakelwa". Yilapho umzimba wakho ubona ukuthi "ukhulelwe", bese kuqala uchungechunge lwezinguquko. Kwabaningi, ukuya kwabo esikhathini kuyaphela, bese "ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa" kuba "okulungile".

Yini ongayilindela ku-trimester yokuqala?

I-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa kwakho yisikhathi sezinguquko ezinkulu zomzimba nezengqondo. Kungaba isikhathi esicindezelayo, futhi ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi egijima ekhanda lakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-hormone akho asebenza ngokushesha kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ukhiqiza i-estrogen eningi phakathi nalokhu kukhulelwa kunaleyo obunayo empilweni yakho yonke ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe! Lokhu kwanda kwama-hormone kungabangela izimpawu zokukhulelwa ezingakhululekile. Ungase uzizwe ucasukile, ukhukhumele, futhi ukhathele. Nakuba ungase ungakwazi ukubona isisu sakho, isibeletho sakho siyakhula futhi ivolumu yegazi lakho liyakhula.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ujabule futhi wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile ngesikhathi esifanayo phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ukukhuluma ngalokhu nabangani bakho, umlingani wakho, noma udokotela kungakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana.

Yini okufanele uyenze ku-trimester yokuqala?

I-trimester yakho yokuqala ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngisho noma ungase ubonakale 'ungazithwele' ngaphandle, kunezinguquko eziningi ezinkulu ezenzekayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho.

• Bona udokotela: Uma ungenaye udokotela okwamanje, mthole ngokushesha okukhulu. Ikakhulukazi udokotela wokubelethisa noma umbelethisi. Ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga. Ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho kokuqala, bhala phansi noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo nezinto ofuna ukuzazi.
• Hlola umshwalense wakho wezempilo: Uma unomshwalense wezempilo, thola ukuthi umbozwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kuzokunikeza umbono wokuthi ungakuthola kuphi ukwelashwa nokuthi yini ongayilindela. Uma ungenawo umshwalense wezempilo, kunezinhlelo nezinhlangano ezingakusiza ukuthi uthole ukunakekelwa kokubeletha.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila: Manje yisikhathi esihle sokucabanga ngempilo yakho iyonke kanye nanoma yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka uzenze endleleni yakho yokuphila. Isibonelo, cabanga ngendlela ukukhulelwa okuzothinta ngayo umsebenzi wakho, ezezimali, imikhuba, kanye nemisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zabahlinzeki bezempilo abangakunakekela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, kanye nokubeletha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi odokotela bezifo zokubelethisa, ababelethisi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bezokwelapha abayinhloko. Njengoba ukhetha udokotela, ungase ufune nokucabanga ukuthi uzobelethela kuphi. Nakuba abantu abaningi bekhetha ukubelethela esibhedlela, abanye bakhetha ukubelethela esikhungweni sokubeletha noma ekhaya.

Ingane (umbungu) ikhula kanjani ku-trimester yokuqala?

Ukukhula kwengane yakho kuyamangalisa phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala. Ngisho noma ungakwazi ukukubona, kunezinto eziningi ezinkulu ezenzeka emzimbeni wakho ngemva kokuba isidoda sihlangane neqanda.

Amaviki 1 kuya ku-4:

Phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, izakhiwo eziningana ezibalulekile ziqala ukwakheka. Lezi zakhiwo ziqala njengezingxenyana ezincane zamaseli, kodwa kamuva zizoba yisikhwama se-amniotic, i-placenta, kanye ne-umbilical cord. Ubuchopho bomntwana kanye nentambo yomgogodla kuyakhiwa, kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi. Ubuso, amasokhethi amehlo, kanye nokuqala komlomo kuqala ukwakheka.

Kuleli qophelo, umbungu ucishe ube yi-intshi eyodwa kwezine ubude - mncane kunohlamvu lwelayisi!

Amaviki 5 kuya ku-8:

Ngesonto lesithupha lokukhulelwa, izitho ezinkulu zomntwana, njengephaphu, inhliziyo, izindlebe, izingalo, nemilenze, ziqala ukwakheka. Amathambo aqala ukwakheka esikhundleni sezicubu. Ikhanda lomntwana lisalikhulu uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba wonke, kodwa manje seliqala ukubukeka njengomuntu. Umntwana unomlomo, ikhala, nobuso obuhlukile. Abanye odokotela benza i-ultrasound yasekuqaleni ngalesi sikhathi ukuze bahlole ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ekupheleni kwesonto lesishiyagalombili, umbungu usuphenduke umbungu. Manje usucishe ube yi-intshi ubude, cishe usayizi we-raspberry.

Amaviki 9 kuya ku-12:

Ekupheleni kwekota yakho yokuqala, iminwe nezinzwane zengane yakho sezikhule ngokugcwele. Izandla nomlomo wakhe seziqala ukunyakaza, ukuvula nokuvala. Uhlelo lwakhe lomchamo kanye nohlelo lokugaya ukudla nakho kusebenza ngokugcwele. Cishe emavikini ayi-12 okukhulelwa kwakho, udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane yakho nge-Doppler ultrasound. Ingane yakho nayo izobe isikhule isitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye/noma ipenisi (kodwa udokotela wakho akakwazi ukubona nge-ultrasound).

Ekupheleni kwesonto le-12 lokukhulelwa, umntwana usuke esephakathi kwamasentimitha angu-3 kuya kwangu-4 ubude - cishe ngobukhulu belamula. Unesisindo esingaba yi-ounce.

Kungani i-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa ibaluleke kangaka?

I-trimester yokuqala ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba izitho eziningi zomzimba nezinhlelo zomzimba zengane yakho ziyakheka phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ubuthi, izinto eziyingozi, kanye nezifo kungalimaza kakhulu ukukhula kwengane yakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokuthi ingane yakho izalwe inesifo sokuzalwa.

Yingakho udinga ukunakekela impilo yakho kahle phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ku-trimester yokuqala?

Akuwona wonke umuntu futhi akuwona wonke umuntu okhulelwe ofanayo. Izimpawu eziningi zokukhulelwa zibangelwa ukushintsha kwama-hormone. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu:

• Ubuhlungu kanye nokukhula kwebele: Amabele akho angase abe buhlungu futhi akhule ngenxa yama-hormone. Kuvamile ukuthi kudingeke ugqoke i-bra enkulu ngaphambi kokuphela kwe-trimester yokuqala. Imithambo emabeleni akho ingase ibonakale kakhulu ngoba igazi eliningi ligeleza kuyo. Ungase futhi uzwe ukufiphala kwe-areola kanye nezinguquko emabeleni akho.
• Ukugula Kwasekuseni: Ukugula kwasekuseni kuyisibonakaliso esivamile sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni. Nakuba igama lisikisela ukugula kwasekuseni, kungaba khona emini noma ebusuku. Zama ukudla ukudla okuncane, futhi uzame ukudla ukudla okungenazinongo futhi okunamafutha amancane. Abanye abantu bathola impumuzo ekudleni okuqukethe ijinja.
• Ukushintshashintsha Kwemizwa:Imizwa yakho ingashintshashintsha ngenxa yokwanda kwama-hormone ngokuzumayo. Phakathi nemizuzu engama-30, ungase uzizwe wesaba noma ukhathazekile ngokuzumayo, bese ujabula noma udabuke. Ukukhuluma ngemizwa yakho nomngane noma umlingani wakho kungasiza.
• Ukukhathala: Umzimba wakho usebenza kanzima kakhulu phakathi nekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu. Phumula ngokwanele. Iningi labantu lithola amandla athile kukota yesibili.
• Ukuchama njalo: Isibeletho sakho siqala ukukhula ukuze sisekele ukukhulelwa. Kungacindezela esinyeni sakho, ngakho-ke kungadingeka ukuthi uchame kaningi.
• I-acne noma ezinye izinguquko zesikhumba: Ama-hormone abangela isikhumba sakho ukuthi sikhiqize uwoyela owengeziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungavimba izikhala futhi kubangele i-acne kwabanye abantu. Kunezinye izimo zesikhumba ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa eziningi zazo zenzeka ku-trimester yesibili noma yesithathu.
• Ukuphefumula okuncane: Ungase ube nokuphefumula okuncane ngisho nangomsebenzi omncane womzimba.

Inhliziyo yakho ipompa igazi elengeziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kungakhuphuka, futhi ungase uzizwe sengathi uphelelwa amandla ngokushesha. Qaphela ukuthi ukukhulelwa kukhulisa kangakanani umzimba wakho, bese uphumula uma uzizwa ukhathele noma uphelelwa umoya.

Yiziphi izivivinyo engizozenza ku-trimester yokuqala?

Ukuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kusiza ukugcina wena nomntwana wakho niphilile. Ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphambi Kokubeletha." Ama-aphoyintimenti "Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphambi Kokubeletha" abaluleke kakhulu ngoba udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalokho ongakulindela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha, enze ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa, futhi aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.

Ukuvakasha Kwakho Kokuqala Ngaphambi Kokubeletha

Uzoba nokuvakasha kabili noma kathathu ngaphambi kokubeletha ngesikhathi sakho sokuqala senyanga. Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngodokotela wakho nokuthi ukhulelwe yini ingozi enkulu. Ungalindela ukuxoxa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, umlando wokubeletha kanye nowabesifazane (ukukhulelwa nokubeletha kwangaphambilini), kanye nanoma yimuphi umlando wezokwelapha womndeni ongathinta ukukhulelwa kwakho. Lokhu kuvakasha kunemininingwane eminingi, futhi kuhloselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wena nomntwana wakho okhulayo niphilile.

Ekuhambeleni kwakho kokuqala ngaphambi kokubeletha, udokotela wakho uzokubala usuku lwakho lokuzalwa. Ungalindela futhi ukwenza okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba - okuhlanganisa nokuhlola isisindo sakho kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic.
• `Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap` (uma isikhathi sikulungele ukuthi ukwenze).
• Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola izifo ezithile ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI).
• Hlola umchamo wakho ukuthi awunawo yini amabhaktheriya, amaprotheni, kanye ne-glucose (ushukela).
• Uku-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga ama-hormone, i-Rh factor, amazinga ensimbi, kanye nezifo ezithile.
• Ukuhlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane.

Abanye odokotela basebenzisa i-ultrasound ye-transvaginal ekuhlolweni kwakho kokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa kwakho nokulinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo nosayizi wengane. Le ultrasound ingabonisa nokuthi uthwele amawele yini. Ngesikhathi se-ultrasound ye-transvaginal, udokotela ufaka ithuluzi elincane esithweni sakho sangasese sowesifazane. Iningi labesifazane abakhulelwe liba ne-ultrasound okungenani eyodwa ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala, kodwa isikhathi esiqondile sizohluka kuye ngodokotela wakho. Uma uthwele amawele, ungase ube ne-ultrasound eyengeziwe ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ezinye izivivinyo zokuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho. Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho nisengozini yezimo ezithile zempilo. Kuye ngemiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa, ungase ucelwe futhi ukuthi wenze izivivinyo zokuxilonga. Izivivinyo zokuxilonga zingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga zempilo. Phakathi nekota yokuqala, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa ukuze abone ukuthi usengozini enkulu yini yokuphazamiseka kwe-chromosome, njenge-Down syndrome. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezivivinyo zokuhlolwa azincomayo.

Yini okungafanele ngiyenze ku-trimester yokuqala?

Ngemva kokuthola ukuthi ukhulelwe, kuvamile ukuthi kudingeke wenze izinguquko ezithile endleleni yokuphila. Lezi zinguquko zizosiza wonke umuntu ukuba ahlale ephilile. Kufanele nakanjani ugweme izinto ezilandelayo phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa kwakho:

• Utshwala.
• Ugwayi nogwayi.
• Izidakamizwa, isibonelo, izinto ezifana `(ama-opioid)`.
• Ezemidlalo ezithintana, njengebhola, noma imisebenzi ebeka ingcindezi esiswini sakho.
• Ukudla okufana nenhlanzi eluhlaza (njenge-sushi), inhlanzi equkethe i-mercury eningi, inyama engaphekiwe kahle, inyama yasemini (inyama ecutshunguliwe), kanye nobisi olungaphekiwe, ushizi, noma ujusi wezithelo.
• Amabhavu ashisayo nama-sauna.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uphilile phakathi nazo zonke izinyanga ezintathu zokukhulelwa. Nazi ezinye izeluleko zokukusiza uhlale uphilile phakathi namasonto okuqala angu-13 okukhulelwa:

• Hlala usebenza ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile ngenkathi uzivocavoca, lalela umzimba wakho bese uphumula. Kungase kudingeke ushintshe indlela yakho yokuzivocavoca ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Thatha i-vitamin yokukhulelwa equkethe i-folic acid .
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okuhlukahlukene okuhlanganisa izithelo, imifino, inyama, amaqanda, kanye nokudla okusanhlamvu okuphelele.
• Phumula kahle.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi.
• Yiba khona kuzo zonke izikhathi zakho zokubonana nodokotela ngaphambi kokubeletha.

Ingabe kuyinto evamile ukopha enyangeni yokuqala?

Ngokuvamile kulungile ukuba nokopha okuncane noma amabala emavikini ambalwa okuqala okukhulelwa. Abanye abantu babhekana "nokuphuma kwegazi ngokufakelwa" (lapho iqanda elivundisiwe lizifakela odongeni lwesibeletho). Kodwa uma ukopha kakhulu, noma uma ukopha isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Yiliphi ivithamini okufanele ngiyithathe ngaphambi kokubeletha?

Amavithamini namaminerali ekudleni okudlayo (noma kumavithamini angaphambi kokubeletha) kusiza ingane yakho ikhule futhi ikhule. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuthatha ivithamini yokukhulelwa kusukela ngesikhathi uzama ukukhulelwa. Amavithamini aqukethe i-folic acid, i-iron, ne-calcium asiza ekusekeleni ukukhulelwa okunempilo. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi iyiphi ivithamini yokukhulelwa okufanele uyithathe, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Ungakwazi yini ukuphuza i-caffeine ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuthi uphuze ngaphansi kwama-milligram angu-200 e-caffeine ngosuku ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokho kungaba yindebe eyodwa yekhofi (cishe ama-ounces angu-12) noma cishe amathini amathathu eziphuzo ezinoshukela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingane ayikwazi ukugaya i-caffeine, ngakho inganqwabelana emzimbeni wengane futhi ibangele izinkinga.

Kufanele ngishayele nini udokotela wami ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala?

Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-100.4.
• Ukopha okukhulu noma uketshezi olungavamile lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ubuhlungu besisu esiswini, ezingalweni, noma emilenzeni.
• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kanye/noma uhudo.
• Isiyezi noma i-vertigo.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezandla, iminwe, noma ubuso.
• Ukubona okufiphele noma ukubona amabala phambi kwamehlo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukukhulelwa yisikhathi esijabulisayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi esesabekayo empilweni yakho. Ungase uzizwe ukhungathekile ngolwazi futhi ube nemibuzo eminingi. Phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, umzimba wakho uyakhula futhi ushintsha ngokushesha. Umntwana wakho naye uyakhula. Eqinisweni, ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala, umntwana wakho ucishe abe ngangolamula. Ungase uqale ukuzwa izimpawu zokukhulelwa njengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuthamba kwamabele, kanye nesidingo sokuchama njalo.

Hlela isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe. Ukunakekelwa njalo kokubeletha kubalulekile ukuze wena nomntwana wakho nihlale niphilile futhi niqinile phakathi nokukhulelwa kwenu.

Sikufisela konke okuhle kulolu hambo! Ungesabi ukuxoxa ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho nodokotela wakho.

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