Sonke siyasaba kancane uma sizwa igama elithi "umdlavuza," akunjalo? Kuvamile kakhulu. Kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, futhi uma sazi kahle ngazo zonke, akudingeki sigcine lokho kwesaba ezingqondweni zethu ngokungadingekile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngolunye lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza. Leyo yi-Adenocarcinoma. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke walizwa leli gama ngaphambili. Ake sibheke kalula ukuthi liyini.
Kuyini i-Adenocarcinoma?
Kalula nje, i-adenocarcinoma uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala ezindlaleni emzimbeni wethu. Cabanga nje, kukhona ungqimba lwamaseli ezindlala angaphakathi kwezitho ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni wethu. Lawa maseli akhipha izinto ezifana ne-mucus (uketshezi olufana ne-mucus) kanye nojusi wokugaya ukudla. Uma ngesizathu esithile lawa maseli ezindlala eqala ukukhula ngendlela engavamile futhi engalawuleki, izimila zingakheka lapho. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-adenocarcinoma, umdlavuza okhula ngale ndlela.
Eqinisweni, lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu oluvela ezithweni zomzimba. Kunezitho eziningana ezithinta lo mdlavuza ngokuyinhloko:
- Isifuba
- Ikholoni/i-rectum
- Umphimbo
- Amaphaphu
- I-Pancreas
- I-prostate
- Isisu
Ingabe lo mdlavuza ungasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?
Yebo, ngeshwa kungenzeka. Nakuba umdlavuza we-adenocarcinoma uqala ezindlaleni, ungasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isibonelo, ungasakazekela ebuchosheni, esibindini, kuma-lymph node, emathanjeni, ngisho nasemongweni wamathambo.
Odokotela bachaza lokhu kusabalala ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. I-adenocarcinoma ehlaselayo: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza esakazeka khona kusukela lapho aqala khona kuya ezicutshini ezizungezile kanye nama-lymph node aseduze, njengezimpande zesitshalo ezisakazeka emhlabathini.
2. I-Metastatic adenocarcinoma: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza ehlukana nesimila sokuqala, ahamba ngemithambo yegazi noma ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic, bese akha izimila ezintsha ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba. Kufana nembewu entanta emoyeni, ikhula ibe isitshalo esisha.
Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza we-adenocarcinoma?
Izimpawu zalokhu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza ukuphi, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile.
- Ubuhlungu endaweni lapho umdlavuza ukhona khona.
- Ukuba khona kwegazi oketshezini lomzimba (isib. umchamo, indle, amathe).
- Ushintsho oluzumayo ekufuneni ukudla noma isisindo somzimba.
- Ukuqunjelwa.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezithile zalo mdlavuza ezihlobene nesitho ngasinye. Lolu lwazi luzoba lula ngawe ukuluqonda ngethebula.
| Indawo yomdlavuza | Izimpawu ezivamile |
|---|---|
| Amaphaphu | Izimpawu zokuqala ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo. Ukukhwehlela kungase kuveze amafinyila kanye negazi elincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, kanye nokusha. |
| Isifuba | Kuvame ukubonwa nge-mammogram ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqaphele izinto ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo noma usayizi webele, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba sebele noma ingono, izinguquko zesikhumba (njengesikhumba esiphuzi), noma ukuphuma kwegazi engono. |
| Ikholoni/i-rectum | Isimila singase singabonisi zimpawu kuze kube yilapho sesisikhulu. Ngisho noma kukhona ukopha esitulweni, singase sibe sincane kangangokuthi singabonakali emehlweni. Izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, noma ukuqunjelwa nazo zingase zibe khona. |
| I-Pancreas | Iningi labantu liba nezimpawu ngasekupheleni kwalesi sifo. Izimpawu zokuqala ubuhlungu besisu kanye nokwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ubuhlungu emhlane, ubuhlungu besifuba, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, kanye nendle enamanzi. |
| I-prostate | Ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, singase sibangele ukungasebenzi kahle kwenduku noma isidingo sokuchama kaningi kunokujwayelekile. |
| Umphimbo | Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ubunzima bokugwinya, ukungagayi kahle kokudla, ukukhwehlela, ukusha kwezwi, kanye nokuqina kwesifuba noma ukusha. |
| Isisu | Izimpawu ezifana nokuzizwa usuthi, ubunzima bokugwinya, isicanucanu, kanye nokungagayeki kahle kokudla zingase zivele ngisho nangemva kokudla okuncane. |
Yini ebangela i-adenocarcinoma?
Lo mdlavuza uqala lapho amangqamuzana ezindlala zethu eqala ukuhlukana ngokungalawuleki. Ochwepheshe abakwazi njalo ukusho ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, bathole izici eziningana eziyingozi ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu.
- Ukubhema: Ukusetshenziswa kogwayi kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yomdlavuza eminingi, okuhlanganisa ne-adenocarcinoma.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma umama wakho, ubaba, umfowenu, udadewenu, noma ugogo nomkhulu wakho bebenalo mdlavuza, nawe usengozini enkulu yokuba nawo.
- Ukuphuza utshwala: Ukuphuza utshwala njalo, ikakhulukazi uma kunomlando womndeni womdlavuza, kwandisa ingozi.
- Ukuchayeka ebuthini: Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali anobuthi ayingozi ekhaya noma emsebenzini nakho kungaba imbangela.
- Inkomba yesisindo somzimba (i-BMI) engaphezu kuka-25: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile/ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyisici esiyingozi kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngaphambilini: Uma wake welashwa ngemisebe esikhathini esidlule ngesinye isizathu, ingozi yakho yokuthola i-adenocarcinoma ingase ikhuphuke kancane.
Lo mdlavuza utholakala kanjani?
Uma unezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukuhlola ngokomzimba. Ngemva kokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, bazoncoma ukuhlolwa okudingekayo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Amazinga aphezulu ama-enzyme athile egazini kanye nokwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi kunganikeza izinkomba mayelana nomdlavuza.
- I-CT scan: Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane ezintathu (3D) zezicubu ezingaphakathi komzimba. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni ukuthi kukhona yini okungajwayelekile.
- I-MRI scan: Lokhu kusebenzisa omazibuthe namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe zezitho nezicubu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Biopsy: Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu noluqinisekile.Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esithweni esithintekile bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope ngudokotela wezifo ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kuhlola kungasho ngqo ukuthi umdlavuza usendaweni eyodwa, usakazeke kangakanani, nokuthi ukhule kangakanani.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, ungesabi ukuthi umdlavuza nakanjani. Lezi zimpawu zingavela nakwezinye izimo eziningi zezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela bese ucela iseluleko.
Isigaba kanye nezinga lomdlavuza kunqunywa kanjani?
Uma umdlavuza usutholakele, odokotela banquma izinga lawo kanye nesigaba sawo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhleleni ukwelashwa.
Ukuhlolwa Komdlavuza
Esikubhekayo lapha ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza awavamile kangakanani uma ebhekwa ngesibonakhulu.
- Ahlukaniswe kahle (Ezinga eliphansi): Amaseli omdlavuza afana namaseli anempilo futhi avame ukukhula nokusabalala ngendlela evamile.
- Ahlukaniswe ngokulingene (Ibanga Eliphakathi): Lawa maseli awavamile futhi akhula ngokushesha kakhulu kunezinhlobo ezingenhla.
- Ahlukaniswe kabi (Ezinga eliphezulu): Amaseli omdlavuza ahlukile kakhulu futhi awajwayelekile kumaseli anempilo. Angakhula futhi asakazeke ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukuhlolwa kwesigaba somdlavuza
Esikubhekayo lapha ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalale kangakanani.
- Isigaba 0: Umdlavuza awukasabalali ngaphezu kwalapho waqala khona.
- Isigaba I (1): Amaseli omdlavuza asakazeke kancane ezicutshini ezizungezile, kodwa awasakazekanga kuma-lymph node noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
- Isigaba II (2): Umdlavuza ususakazeke kancane ezicutshini ezizungezile. Kungenzeka ukuthi ususakazeke nasezinhlayiyeni ze-lymph eziseduze.
- Isigaba III (3): Umdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi ususakazekele ezingqimbeni ezijulile zezicubu, ama-lymph node aseduze nakude, futhi isimila singase sibe sikhulu kulesi sigaba.
- Isigaba IV (4): Umdlavuza ususakazeke kusukela lapho waqala khona waya ezithweni ezikude emzimbeni. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi umdlavuza osakazeka kalula .
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-adenocarcinoma?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, indawo okuyo, usayizi, nokuthi ngabe ususakazeke yini. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokwelapha eziyinhloko.
1. Ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha. Umgomo uwukususa ngokuhlinzwa isimila somdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezisizungezile.
2. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi enamandla engabulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Le mithi inganikezwa ngemijovo noma njengamaphilisi.
3.Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lokhu kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu (njenge-X-ray) ukuqondisa nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngenkathi kunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo.
Ngokuvamile, eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela zokwelapha zisetshenziswa ndawonye ukuze kutholakale imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi?
Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokuvimbela ngokuphelele i-adenocarcinoma, kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi yokuyithola.
- Gwema imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele.
- Hlala umatasa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nemifino eluhlaza.
- Gcina isisindo sakho siphilile.
- Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha njalo. Kubalulekile ukuthola ukuhlolwa okudingekayo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma unomlando womndeni womdlavuza.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu sezimpawu esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni eziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili , qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Futhi, uma lezi zimpawu ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Khumbula, lapho lesi sifo sitholakala ngokushesha, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele.
Imizwa ehambisana nokutholwa unomdlavuza iyinkimbinkimbi. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba, uthukuthele futhi udabuke. Khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, nabangani bakho bakhona ukukusekela. Ukuba nolwazi oluhle ngesifo sakho kanye nokwelashwa kungakusiza ukuthi ubhekane naso.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Adenocarcinoma uhlobo oluvamile lomdlavuza oluqala ezindlaleni zomzimba.
- Lo mdlavuza uvame ukwenzeka ezithweni zomzimba ezifana namaphaphu, amabele, amathumbu amakhulu, amanyikwe kanye nesisu.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukwehla kwesisindo, igazi esitulweni, kanye nobunzima bokugwinya.
- Ingozi ingancishiswa ngokugwema ukubhema notshwala nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Uma usola ukuthi kukhona izimpawu, ungesabi noma ulibale, kodwa xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze ukwelashwa kuphumelele.
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